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33Fair subject selection in clinical research: formal equality of opportunityJournal of Medical Ethics 42 (10): 672-677. 2016.In this paper, I explore the ethics of subject selection in the context of biomedical research. I reject a key principle of what I shall refer to as the standard view. According to this principle, investigators should select participants so as to minimise aggregate risk to participants and maximise aggregate benefits to participants and society. On this view, investigators should exclude prospective participants who are more susceptible to risk than other prospective participants. I argue instea…Read more
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22Selecting participants fairly for controlled human infection studiesBioethics 34 (8): 771-784. 2020.Controlled human infection (CHI) studies involve the deliberate exposure of healthy research participants to infectious agents to study early disease processes and evaluate interventions under controlled conditions with high efficiency. Although CHI studies expose participants to the risk of infection, they are designed to offer investigators unique advantages for studying the pathogenesis of infectious diseases and testing potential vaccines or treatments in humans. One of the central challenge…Read more
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22Paying for Fairness? Incentives and Fair Subject SelectionAmerican Journal of Bioethics 21 (3): 35-37. 2021.In their Target Article, “Promoting Ethical Payment in Human Infection Challenge Studies,” Lynch et al. propose a framework for ethical payment to research participants and apply it to the c...
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21Nudges, Autonomy, and Organ Donor Registration Policies: Response to CriticsAmerican Journal of Bioethics 17 (2). 2017.
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21Health Research Priority Setting: A Duty to Maximize Social Value?American Journal of Bioethics 18 (11): 25-26. 2018.
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19Federalism and Responsibility for Health CarePublic Affairs Quarterly 30 (1): 1-29. 2016.Political philosophers often formulate the problem of distributive justice as the problem of how the government ought to distribute different types of goods—for example, income or health care—to its citizens. They therefore presuppose that the government is a unitary agent that governs its citizens directly. However, although a number of governments are unitary in this way, many are federations, exhibiting a division of sovereignty between two or more levels of government having independent grou…Read more
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16Reconsidering scarce drug rationing: implications for clinical researchJournal of Medical Ethics 47 (12). 2021.Hospital systems commonly face the challenge of determining just ways to allocate scarce drugs during national shortages. There is no standardised approach of how this should be instituted, but principles of distributive justice are commonly used so that patients who are most likely to benefit from the drug receive it. As a result, clinical indications, in which the evidence for the drug is assumed to be established, are often prioritised over research use. In this manuscript, we present a case …Read more
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13Weighing obligations to home care workers and Medicaid recipientsNursing Ethics 26 (2): 418-424. 2019.
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12Returning Incidental Findings in Low‐Resource Settings: A Case of Rescue?Hastings Center Report 48 (3): 28-30. 2018.In a carefully argued article, Haley K. Sullivan and Benjamin E. Berkman address the important question of whether investigators have a duty to report incidental findings to research participants in low‐resource settings. They suggest that the duty to rescue offers the most plausible justification for the duty to return incidental findings, and they explore the implications of this duty for the context of research in low‐resource settings. While I think they make valuable headway on an important…Read more
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8Standard of Care, Institutional Obligations, and Distributive JusticeBioethics 29 (4): 262-273. 2013.The problem of standard of care in clinical research concerns the level of treatment that investigators must provide to subjects in clinical trials. Commentators often formulate answers to this problem by appealing to two distinct types of obligations: professional obligations and natural duties. In this article, I investigate whether investigators also possess institutional obligations that are directly relevant to the problem of standard of care, that is, those obligations a person has because…Read more
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6Martin O’Neill and Shepley Orr (eds.), Taxation: Philosophical PerspectivesJournal of Moral Philosophy 18 (6): 651-654. 2021.
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33. Nudging in Donation PoliciesIn Solveig Lena Hansen & Silke Schicktanz (eds.), Ethical Challenges of Organ Transplantation, Transcript Verlag. pp. 65-80. 2021.
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University of North Carolina, Chapel HillRegular Faculty
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
Areas of Specialization
Value Theory |
Areas of Interest
Applied Ethics |
Social and Political Philosophy |
Biomedical Ethics |