C. Marie

En Europe, la recolonisation progressive des territoires par les grands carnivores, espèces protégées, fait l’objet de conflits virulents notamment dus à l’impact des actes de prédation sur les activités d’élevage. Les conflits provoqués par le retour du loup en France ont été abondamment relayés par la presse et ont ainsi été diffusés auprès d’un public élargi. À travers une mobilisation conjointe de méthodes de la lexicométrie et de l’analyse du discours, nous avons étudié l’évolution de l’image médiatique de l’éleveur dans la presse régionale (Nice-Matin) et nationale (Le Monde) entre 1993 – date de première médiatisation du retour du loup – et 2014. Notre recherche témoigne d’une construction axiologique de cet acteur dans les deux quotidiens considérés. Tout au long de la période, Nice-Matin opère une légitimation de l’éleveur à travers la valorisation de son témoignage et de la profession qu’il exerce. La posture du quotidien national évolue quant à elle au cours du temps. Les premières années (1993-1999) sont marquées par un discours évaluant négativement la parole de l’éleveur et favorisant l’expertise institutionnelle. À partir du début des années 2000, marquées d’un point de vue institutionnel par l’autorisation de tirs de prélèvement dérogatoires de loups, Le Monde établit progressivement une image positive de l’éleveur et développe un discours empathique proche de celui de la presse régionale. En 2012, la publication d’un éditorial en faveur de la politique de régulation du loup inscrit explicitement un rapprochement entre les postures du journal et de l’institution.

Scholars see the gendered division of household labor as a stronghold of gender inequality. We explore changes in household labor and gender relations when conservative, working-class families experience employment disruptions. Using data from 49 qualitative interviews conducted with men and women following the forced unemployment of breadwinning husbands, we observe some change in gendered household labor but conclude that a significant degendering of housework is thwarted by institutional-, interactive-, and individual-level processes. At the institutional level, the lack of well-paying jobs and the persistent gendering of household tasks discourage change. At the individual level, challenges to gendered identities encourage a reinforcement of traditional gender ideologies. At the interactional level, women’s responsibility for care work and the meaning of paid work for unemployed husbands forestall the adjustment of tasks.

Home-based service jobs have developed considerably across Western societies. In fact, chances are high that a working-class woman in France today will, at some point in her life, be a house cleaner, home-based child care provider, or home aide for the elderly. Going against political, scholarly, and everyday discourses that, saturated with the double prejudices of gender and class, treat all these home service occupations, which require little prior training, the same, this article illuminates the variability of the forms of subordination experienced by women practicing these occupations in France. Comparing these jobs with the ensemble of low-skill jobs and with each other exposes what is specific to the particular form of subordination each job type entails, in terms of the extent of job supervision and the nature of the home where it is practiced, the presence or absence of relations with coworkers and/or a “public,” and the nature of this “public.” It mobilizes nationwide statistical data in a new way to shift attention to these numerous ordinary work situations, which are much less studied than those of the domestic workers of the wealthiest cities of the Western world.

It is my intention in this brief study to extend the argument that Nestle begins with her seminal article,' Butch-Femme Relationships: Sexual Cour age in the 1950s', and that Henking and Comstock continue by including it in the critical anthology of writings on'being queer' and 'being religious', Querying Religion. I want to do this by making 'an overt claim' that the butch-femme community of the 1950s created its own spirituality—in the content of a corporeal theology between couples and individually, and that these couples/individuals were also part of this larger 'bar community' that created a space for the community to refine this theology in terms of self-defining community. I want to argue that this self-defined community served to function for its members in many of the same ways any religious community functions that is held together by a common faith and/ or theology....I praise those hands, with scars she's proud of, on gender fuck forearms. They steady my pulse, settle down, settle down, curve on my cheek in the dark like a prayer....Her hands say yield and make it sound safe. They enter me like something holy. It takes time to interpret the tongue of her hands, the whispering of 'come here', or the bunch and knot of 'back off', as they churn cement, hoist bricks, sludge mortar into cracks, knife off the excess, until she's built Jericho and I have no trumpet......I am in the sweet, inquisitive poultice of her hands, proudly helpless, wanted, given. She makes loaves and fishes of me.2

The ethical issues facing archaeologists must be considered in close coordination with the legal framework governing their activity. Ethics is defined as a “set of principles and values that guide social and professional behaviour”. It can inspire both laws and professional practices, referring to duties inherent to the exercise of a specific activity. The link between ethics and law, built from these multiple sources, is therefore complex. This contribution aims to understand these multiple forms of normativities and their interactions. Several examples are particularly interesting from this point of view: that of the treatment of funerary archaeology which puts under tension the scientific interest and the principle of human dignity, sometimes also the expression of collective rights; that of scientific production and the sharing of the results and data on which they are based; that of the diligence to be observed in a context of possible looting; and also that of the articulation between scientific and heritage interest. The particular nature of the archaeological heritage, as soon as it is revealed at the moment of a discovery, will give rise to specific rules in both domestic and international law at the intersection of law and deontology, a relationship in which there could be a breach of law by deontology. These forms of internormativity are doubly manifest in the process of patrimonialization and when there is question of the appropriation of tangible elements, such as data.

Professional ethics is an important skill for professionals who work in the area of health. For speech-language pathologists specifically, the constant widening of the field of practice and the increasing complexity of the needs of the aging population expose professionals to more ethical questioning. Yet, the scientific literature demonstrates that speech-language pathologists do not feel properly prepared to solve ethical issues. The main objective of this study was to examine the situation of ethics training in all Canadian programs that offer speech language pathology training. In order to meet this objective, a survey was sent to the directors of the eleven Canadian university programs in speech-language pathology. Three programs responded to the survey. The main results obtained suggest that professional ethics is a subject taught within different courses in Canadian university speech-language programs. Nevertheless, the percentage dedicated to ethics inside the courses is low and difficult to clearly estimate. These results shed light on the quantity and quality of professional ethics courses offered in the various Canadian speech-language programs, as well as on the teaching methods used.

Drawing on managerial discretion and conflicting institutional logics literature, this study investigates the relation between the personal sustainability behaviors of owner–managers and the corporate sustainability practices of SMEs. The research proposes a contingency model that assesses the moderating effects of perceived economic advantages and environmental hostility on this relationship. Based on linear hierarchical multiple regression analyses of a cross-sectoral sample of French SMEs, the results suggest a positive influence of the manager's PSB on the SME's CS practices that appears to be differently moderated depending on the type of practice considered. The influence on environmental practices is fostered through the perception of economic advantages. The influence on workplace practices is only effective when the business environment is deemed benign and the influence on community practices is dampened by the perception of environmental hostility. Highlighting the trade-off between the manager's personal values and the SME's economic constraints, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the critical antecedents of sustainability in small businesses.

Professional ethics is an important skill for professionals who work in the area of health. For speech-language pathologists specifically, the constant widening of the field of practice and the increasing complexity of the needs of the aging population expose professionals to more ethical questioning. Yet, the scientific literature demonstrates that speech-language pathologists do not feel properly prepared to solve ethical issues. The main objective of this study was to examine the situation of ethics training in all Canadian programs that offer speech language pathology training. In order to meet this objective, a survey was sent to the directors of the eleven Canadian university programs in speech-language pathology. Three programs responded to the survey. The main results obtained suggest that professional ethics is a subject taught within different courses in Canadian university speech-language programs. Nevertheless, the percentage dedicated to ethics inside the courses is low and difficult to clearly estimate. These results shed light on the quantity and quality of professional ethics courses offered in the various Canadian speech-language programs, as well as on the teaching methods used.

Although the Internet is frequently referred to as a global public resource, its functioning remains predominantly controlled by private actors. The Internet brought about significant shifts in the way we conceptualize governance. In particular, the handling of “big data” by private intermediaries has a direct impact on routine practices and personal lives. The implementation of the “right to be forgotten” following the May 2014 decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union against Google blurs the boundaries between the public and the private, and extends the responsibilities of the latter to court-style decision making. This article analyzes the regulatory developments in this area and the implications of outsourcing of important governance practices to private intermediaries. It looks at the decision-making process for the “right to be forgotten” to illustrate the extent to which the hybridization of such procedures results in new arrangements between public and private ordering in Internet governance.

Many scholars have investigated the direct impact of entrepreneurial orientation on performance, but this direct association seems both spurious and ambiguous because many parameters may have an indirect influence on this relationship. The present study thus considers sustainable practices—environmental practices, social practices in the workplace, and social practices in the community —as three probable mediators in the relationship between EO and performance, which is considered in terms of its financial and non-financial dimensions. We seek to show to what extent small- and medium-sized enterprises’ sustainable practices are useful assets, which are supported by EO, to improve performance. Using a structural equation modeling approach, data collected from 406 French SMEs were tested against the model. Our findings reveal that EO has a positive impact on the implementation of sustainable practices and that SPW partially mediate the link between EO and performance. Taken together, these findings suggest that EO plays a role in indirectly promoting performance by enhancing certain human resource management practices.

Cet article étudie la ou les filiations, ou encore la postérité de Humboldt, même s’il s’agit dans les faits d’une filiation complexe ou d’une postérité plus « embrouillée » qu’il n’y paraît ; elle montre notamment quelle influence a exercée Humboldt sur la linguistique nord-américaine, notamment au travers de ses deux grands représentants anthropolinguistes : Sapir et Whorf ; ceci posé, elle analyse, à la fois en élargissant le propos et en revenant à ce qui caractérise le mieux le modèle humboldtien, dans quel sens, là encore plus complexe qu’il n’y paraît, il faut entendre le lien qui unit langue et culture – le pluriel est plus que de rigueur dans le plaidoyer de l’auteur et de son illustre modèle en faveur de la diversité.

Les phénomènes de citation et de modalisation du discours permettent aux auteurs de sujets d’actualité d’informer sans s’engager personnellement sur la véracité de leurs propos, voire même de faire figurer dans un même article des informations contradictoires. Nous proposons dans cet article un cadre méthodologique pour repérer et représenter la dynamique textuelle liée à ces variations de prise en charge énonciative sous forme d’arbre discursif. La profondeur de l’arbre associé à un texte témoigne alors de la complexité des différents référentiels en jeu. L’objectif de cette approche, directement implémentable, est de faire émerger automatiquement d’un corpus les textes sujets à controverses.