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22Could Kant’s Jesus Be God?International Philosophical Quarterly 52 (4): 421-437. 2012.Although Kant had a high regard for Jesus as a moral teacher, interpreters typically assume that his philosophy disallows belief in Jesus as God. Those who regard Kant as a moral reductionist are especially likely to offer a negative construal of the densely-argued subsection of his 1793 Religion that relates directly to this issue. The recent “affirmative” trend in Kant-scholarship provides the basis for an alternative reading. First, theologians must regard Jesus as human so that belief in Jes…Read more
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3103Could Kant’s Jesus Be God?International Philosophical Quarterly 52 (4): 421-437. 2012.Although Kant had a high regard for Jesus as a moral teacher, interpreters typically assume that his philosophy disallows belief in Jesus as God. Those who regard Kant as a moral reductionist are especially likely to offer a negative construal of the densely-argued subsection of his 1793 Religion that relates directly to this issue. The recent “affirmative” trend in Kant-scholarship provides the basis for an alternative reading. First, theologians must regard Jesus as human so that belief in Jes…Read more
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41Christopher J. Insole, Kant and the Creation of Freedom: A Theological Problem. Reviewed byPhilosophy in Review 36 (1): 14-16. 2016.
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49Cross-Examination of In Defense of Kant’s ReligionFaith and Philosophy 29 (2): 170-180. 2012.This article extends the metaphorical trial posed by the authors of In Defense of Kant’s Religion by cross-examining them with two challenges. The firstchallenge is for the authors to clarify their claim that they are the first interpreters to present “a holistic and linear interpretation” of Kant’s Religion that portrays it as containing a “transcendental analysis” of religious concepts, given that several of the past interpreters whose works they survey in Part 1 conduct a similar type of anal…Read more
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14Chapter 16. Kant’s Lectures on Philosophical Theology – Training-Ground for the Moral Pedagogy of Religion?In Robert R. Clewis (ed.), Reading Kant's Lectures, De Gruyter. pp. 365-390. 2015.
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661Architectonic reasoning and interpretation in Kant and the yijingJournal of Chinese Philosophy 38 (4): 569-583. 2011.This is a thoroughly revised version of a paper that I originally presented at the "Kant in Asia" international conference on "The Unity of Human Personhood, held in Hong Kong in May of 2009. After explaining what Kant means by his "architectonic" form of reasoning, I argue that the Yijing (the Chinese "Book of Changes") exhibits the same type of reasoning. I contrast two uses of architectonic reasoning: divining the truth vs. divination. The article concludes with an illustration of how the Yi…Read more
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827A Daoist Model For A Kantian ChurchComparative Philosophy 4 (2): 67-89. 2013.Although significant differences undoubtedly exist between Daoism and Kant’s philosophy, the two systems also have some noteworthy similarities. After calling attention to a few such parallels and sketching the outlines of Kant’s philosophy of religion, this article focuses on an often-neglected feature of the latter: the four guiding principles of what Kant calls an “invisible church”. Numerous passages from Lao Zi’s classic text, Dao-De-Jing, seem to uphold these same principles, thus suggesti…Read more
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28Kant and the New Philosophy of Religion (edited book)Indiana University Press. 2006.While earlier work has emphasized Kant’s philosophy of religion as thinly disguised morality, this timely and original reappraisal of Kant’s philosophy of religion incorporates recent scholarship. In this volume, Chris L. Firestone, Stephen R. Palmquist, and the other contributors make a strong case for more specific focus on religious topics in the Kantian corpus. Main themes include the relationship between Kant’s philosophy of religion and his philosophy as a whole, the contemporary relevance…Read more
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16A Confucian‐Kantian Response to Environmental Eco‐Centrism on Animal EqualityJournal of Chinese Philosophy 43 (3-4): 221-238. 2016.Environmental eco-centrism, the claim that all members of the biosphere are ontologically and axiologically equal, presents a challenge to traditional ethical conceptions of the special status of humanity. Confucian and Kantian ethics approach this topic, and its application to other animals, in different ways: Confucianism employs stories that promote insight into the importance of sincerity and compassion to all animals, including non-human ones; Kant employs abstract reasoning to argue that n…Read more
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23Responses to Critics: What Makes Mysticism Critical?Kantian Review 26 (1): 137-162. 2021.After summarizing the content of my book, Kant and Mysticism, I warn against four preliminary misconceptions. The book never argues that Kant viewed himself as a mystic, fully acknowledges Kant’s negative view of mysticism, offers no comprehensive overview of mystical traditions, and aims to initiate a dialogue, not to have the final word. I then respond to the foregoing essays by the five critics.
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14How Political Is the Kantian Church?Diametros 1-19. 2020.Commentators who lament that Kant offers no concrete guidelines for how to set up an ethical community typically neglect Kant’s claim in Religion that the ethical state of nature can transform into an ethical community only by becoming a people of God—i.e., a religious community, or “church.” Kant’s argument culminates by positing four categorial precepts for church organization. The book’s next four sections can be read as elaborating further on each precept, respectively. Kant repeatedly warns…Read more
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Book review of Manfred Kuehn's Kant: A Biography (2001) (review)Metapsychology Online Reviews 5 (41): 0-0. 2001.
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123Review of: Douglas Burnham’s An Introduction to Kant’s Critique of Judgement (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2000) (review)Kant Studien 96 (2): 255-257. 2005.
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123Invited book review of Terry F. Godlove's Kant and the Meaning of Religion (review)International Philosophical Quarterly 55 (4): 517-519. 2015.
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155Book review of Pasternack's Guidebook to Kant on Religion (review)Kant Studien 108 467-471. 2017.This book review, published in Kant Studien 108.3 (Sept. 2017), pp.467-471, summarizes and assesses Lawrence R. Pasternack's book, Routledge Philosophy Guidebook to Kant on Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason: An Interpretation and Defense (London and New York: Routledge, 2014).
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115Invited book review of Chris L. Firestone and Nathan Jacobs, In Defense of Kant’s Religion (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2008) (review)Journal of Religion 90 (2): 49-52. 2010.
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140Ist die Pflicht Kants “Triebfeder” des sittlichen Handelns?Ratio 28 (2): 152-158. 1986.German translation of "Is Duty Kant's "Motive" for Moral Action?" by Joachim Schulte.
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Koliko Je “Kineski” Bio Kant?Dialogue 1 190-207. 2005.Bosnian translation of "How 'Chinese' Was Kant?" (abridged version)
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Farsi translation of ‘Kantian Causality and Quantum Quarks: The Compatibility between Quantum Mechanics and Kant’s Phenomenal World’ (uploaded September 2014)
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197기도에 대한 칸트의 비판적 해석학Sogang University Journal of Philosophy 15 (2): 147-188. 2008.Korean translation of "Kant's Critical Hermeneutic of Prayer".
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447Immanuel Kant’s theory of justifiable resistance to authority is complex and, at times, appears to conflict with his own practice, if not with itself. He distinguishes between the role of authority in “public” and “private” contexts. In private—e.g., when a person is under contract to do a specific job or accepts a social contract with one’s government—resistance is forbidden; external behavior must be governed by policy or law. In contexts involving the public use of reason, on the other hand—e…Read more
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156Trinta e Cinco Anos de Pesquisas Sobre Kant: Uma Interpretação RetrospectivaKant E-Prints: Revista Internacional de Filosofia 12 56-73. 2017.The autobiographical essay, "Thirty-five Years of Research on Kant: a Retrospective Overview", is here translated into Portuguese by Henrique Azevedo. The English version has not been published, but can be provided to interested readers, upon request.
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141Self-Interpretation of Student Dreams as a Tool for Personal Growth in General Education ClassesIn Paul Corrigan (ed.), General Education and University Curriculum Reform: An International Conference in Hong Kong, Cuhk and the Hong Kong America Centre. pp. 78-82. 2013.This chapter is based on a presentation I gave at a conference on General Education. It provides an overview of a course I teach on (Jungian) dream interpretation, focusing especially on the assessment criteria that make it possible to grade students' interpretations of their own dreams in a highly objective manner.
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20Kant on Intuition: Western and Asian Perspectives on Transcendental Idealism (edited book)Routledge. 2018.This anthology consists of 20 chapters, many of which feature engagements between Kant and various Asian philosophers. Key themes include the nature of human intuition (not only as theoretical—pure, sensible, and possibly intellectual—but also as relevant to Kant’s practical philosophy, aesthetics, the sublime, and even mysticism), the status of Kant’s idealism/realism, and Kant’s notion of an object. Roughly half of the chapters take a stance on the recent conceptualism/non-conceptualism debate…Read more
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216‘Introduction to Immanuel Kant’s Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason’Hackett, March. 2009.This introduction to Kant's ground-breaking book on religion summarizes the conflicts Kant himself experienced with religion, explains how the book is related to Kant's other writings, and comments on the extensive influence the book has had on theology and religion over the past 200 years. By far the longest section is an exhaustive summary of the text itself: with only a few (noted) exceptions, the main point of every paragraph in the entire book is summarized with one (or occasionally two) se…Read more
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159This is a review article based on William Franke's book, A Philosophy of the Unsayable. After contrasting standard "analytic" logic with its paradoxical alternative, "synthetic" logic, this article introduces three basic laws of synthetic logic that can help to clarify how it is possible to talk about the so-called "unsayable". Keeping these laws in mind as one reads a book such as Franke's enables one to understand the range of strategies one can employ in the attempt to use words to evoke an e…Read more
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263Cross-Examination of IDKR at AARFaith and Philosophy 29 (2): 170-180. 2012.This essay offers constructive criticism of the book “In Defense of Kant’s Religion” (2008), by Chris L. Firestone and Nathan Jacobs. Follow the link given here to see the published version of this article. In the same journal issue where that version appeared (Faith & Philosophy 29.2), Jacobs and Firestone each published essays that claimed to respond to my criticisms of their book; but for the most part they merely skirted around the points my article makes, often avoiding the key issues (e.g.…Read more
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145THE SYNTHETICITY OF TIME: Comments on Fang's Critique of Divine ComputersPhilosophia Mathematica. 1989.In a recent article in this journal [Phil. Math., II, v.4 (1989), n.2, pp.?- ?] J. Fang argues that we must not be fooled by A.J. Ayer (God rest his soul!) and his cohorts into believing that mathematical knowledge has an analytic a priori status. Even computers, he reminds us, take some amount of time to perform their calculations. The simplicity of Kant's infamous example of a mathematical proposition (7+5=12) is "partly to blame" for "mislead[ing] scholars in the direction of neglecting …Read more
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167A Kantian Critique of Polanyi’s “Post-Critical Philosophy”Convivium: The United Kingdom Review of Post-Critical Thought 24 1-11. 1987.