•  177
    Terms in Bondage
    Philosophical Issues 16 (1). 2006.
  •  157
    Tense and Singular Propositions
    In Joseph Almog, John Perry & Howard Wettstein (eds.), Themes From Kaplan, Oxford University Press. pp. 331--392. 1989.
  •  197
    Two Conceptions of Semantics
    In Zoltan Gendler Szabo (ed.), Semantics Versus Pragmatics, Oxford University Press Uk. pp. 317-328. 2004.
  •  260
    Relative and Absolute Apriority
    Philosophical Studies 69 (1). 1993.
  •  252
    That F
    Philosophical Studies 141 (2). 2008.
    Jeffrey King's principal objection to the direct-reference theory of demonstratives is analyzed and criticized. King has responded with a modified version of his original argument aimed at establishing the weaker conclusion that the direct-reference theory of demonstratives is either incomplete or incorrect. It is argued that this fallback argument also fails
  •  134
    Tense and Intension
    In Aleksandar Jokić & Quentin Smith (eds.), Time, Tense, and Reference, Mit Press. pp. 107-154. 2003.
  •  191
    The Fact that x = y
    Philosophia 17 (4): 517-518. 1987.
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    Reference and information content: names and descriptions
    In Dov M. Gabbay & Franz Guenthner (eds.), Handbook of Philosophical Logic, Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 409--461. 1983.
  •  292
    Reflections on Reflexivity
    Linguistics and Philosophy 15 (1). 1992.
  •  429
    Recurrence
    Philosophical Studies 159 (3): 407-441. 2012.
    Standard compositionality is the doctrine that the semantic content of a compound expression is a function of the semantic contents of the contentful component expressions. In 1954 Hilary Putnam proposed that standard compositionality be replaced by a stricter version according to which even sentences that are synonymously isomorphic (in the sense of Alonzo Church) are not strictly synonymous unless they have the same logical form. On Putnam’s proposal, the semantic content of a compound express…Read more
  •  370
    Recurrence Again
    Philosophical Studies 172 (2): 445-457. 2015.
    Kit Fine has replied to my criticism of a technical objection he had given to the version of Millianism that I advocate. Fine evidently objects to my use of classical existential instantiation in an object-theoretic rendering of his meta-proof. Fine’s reply appears to involve both an egregious misreading of my criticism and a significant logical error. I argue that my rendering is unimpeachable, that the issue over my use of classical EI is a red herring, and that Fine’s original argument commit…Read more
  •  118
    Quantifying into the unquantifiable: the life and work of David Kaplan
    In Joseph Almog & Paolo Leonardi (eds.), The philosophy of David Kaplan, Oxford University Press. pp. 25. 2009.
  •  158
    Three Perspectives on Quantifying In
    In Robin Jeshion (ed.), New Essays on Singular Thought, Oxford University Press. pp. 64. 2010.
  •  424
    On the Plurality of Worlds by David Lewis (review)
    Philosophical Review 97 (2): 237. 1988.
  •  719
    Numbers versus Nominalists
    Analysis 68 (3). 2008.
    A nominalist account of statements of number (e.g., ‘There are exactly two moons of Mars’) is rebutted.
  •  149
    On Content
    Mind 101 (404): 733-751. 1992.
  •  322
    On Designating
    Mind 114 (456): 1069-1133. 2005.
    A detailed interpretation is provided of the ‘Gray's Elegy’ passage in Russell's ‘On Denoting’. The passage is suffciently obscure that its principal lessons have been independently rediscovered. Russell attempts to demonstrate that the thesis that definite descriptions are singular terms is untenable. The thesis demands a distinction be drawn between content and designation, but the attempt to form a proposition directly about the content (as by using an appropriate form of quotation) inevitabl…Read more
  •  193
    Fregean Theory and the Four Worlds Paradox: A Reply to David over
    Philosophical Books 25 (1): 7-11. 1984.
  •  218
    Julius Caesar and the Numbers
    Philosophical Studies 175 (7): 1631-1660. 2018.
    This article offers an interpretation of a controversial aspect of Frege’s The Foundations of Arithmetic, the so-called Julius Caesar problem. Frege raises the Caesar problem against proposed purely logical definitions for ‘0’, ‘successor’, and ‘number’, and also against a proposed definition for ‘direction’ as applied to lines in geometry. Dummett and other interpreters have seen in Frege’s criticism a demanding requirement on such definitions, often put by saying that such definitions must pro…Read more
  •  281
    Impossible Worlds
    Analysis 44 (3). 1984.
  •  402
    Illogical Belief
    Philosophical Perspectives 3 243-285. 1989.
    A sequel to the author’s book /Frege’s Puzzle/ (1986).
  •  231
    Is de re Belief Reducible to de dicto?
    Canadian Journal of Philosophy 27 (sup1): 85-110. 1997.
  •  277
    Identity Facts
    Philosophical Topics 30 (1): 237-267. 2002.
  •  365
    Generality
    Philosophical Studies 161 (3): 471-481. 2012.
    A distinction is drawn among predicates, open sentences (or open formulas), and general terms, including general-term phrases. Attaching a copula, perhaps together with an article, to a general term yields a predicate. Predicates can also be obtained through lambda-abstraction on an open sentence. The issue of designation and semantic content for each type of general expression is investigated. It is argued that the designatum of a general term is a universal, e.g., a kind, whereas the designatu…Read more
  •  287
    How Not to Become a Millian Heir
    Philosophical Studies 62 (2). 1991.
  •  419
    Demonstrating and Necessity
    Philosophical Review 111 (4): 497-537. 2002.
    My title is meant to suggest a continuation of the sort of philosophical investigation into the nature of language and modality undertaken in Rudolf Carnap’s Meaning and Necessity and Saul Kripke’s Naming and Necessity. My topic belongs in a class with meaning and naming. It is demonstratives—that is, expressions like ‘that darn cat’ or the pronoun ‘he’ used deictically. A few philosophers deserve particular credit for advancing our understanding of demonstratives and other indexical words. Thou…Read more