Alfonso Cabanzo

Este libro ofrece a sus lectores una antología de ensayos filosóficos acerca de los asuntos que señala su título: mente, lenguaje y conocimiento. En cada uno de estos ensayos se hallan imágenes, en el sentido en el que Wittgenstein utiliza este término, que nos brindan comprensiones del mundo disímiles y contrapuestas, contrastes en donde reside la posibilidad del debate filosófico y la apertura de nuevas rutas investigativas. Aunque los textos aquí reunidos pueden enmarcarse en la tradición conocida como «filosofía analítica», el lector encontrará puentes hacia otras perspectivas filosóficas, como la fenomenología. De la misma manera que transposiciones con otros temas más allá de los ya anunciados, como la filosofía de la percepción, la filosofía de las matemáticas, la filosofía de la lógica o la filosofía de la religión.

This paper has two sections: first, I am going to analyze two criteria to differentiate between argumentation and formal demonstration. According to Perelman (Perelman & Olbrechts-Tyteca, 1989) argumentation is based on persuasion, and that is the reason why argumentation is polysemic, ambiguous; on the other hand, it is said that argumentation depends on the additional information that someone gives to us, while demonstration does not depend to the additional information. I will show that no criteria invoked to justify the disctintion between demostration and argumentation is kept. In the second section I will show that persuasion is not necessarily associated to the speech act of argumentation, in the same way that the atempt of convincing is not necessarily associated with the act of asserting something. Thus, someone cannot use persuasion to define the argumentative exercise

In this paper I will present a visual method that I have created to demonstrate the validity of propositional arguments and predicates, based on the traditional Venn diagrams. This idea was born after becoming aware of how useful visual methods are in other scientific fields, such as geometrical representations of arithmetic and algebraic concepts. This method illustrates the relationship between propositional logic, predicate logic and set theory, and it can be used to explain linguistic semantic concepts such as synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy, entailment, and lexical substitution