•  316
    An Incomplete Definition of Reality
    Cosmos and History : The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy 9 (1): 50-72. 2013.
    A reality may be defined incompletely as a perpetuating pattern of relations. This definition denies the name of reality to an utter and totalistic patternlessness, like a primal patternless stuff, because a patternless all-ness would be indistinguishable from a patternless nothingness. If reality began from a chaos or patternless stuff, it became a reality only when it became patterned. If there are orders of reality with perpetuating relations between them, as in Cartesian interactive substanc…Read more
  •  43
    Freedom as Creativity: On the Origin of the Positive Concept of Liberty
    Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies 2 (4): 42-57. 2003.
    The concept of positive liberty includes both the regulative autonomy to do what we will and the constitutive autonomy to become what we will. However, the latter represents the full meaning of the idea. Liberty in this meaning is a creative power: we are most free in the positive sense when we give our defining constitutive rules to ourselves. The original conceptual model for liberty as creativity did not belong to classical Greek tradition but came to us from Judaism. The religious idea of sp…Read more