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83The concept of genetic diseaseIn Arthur Caplan, James J. McCartney & Dominic A. Sisti (eds.), Health, Disease, and Illness: Concepts in Medicine, Georgetown University Press. pp. 233--42. 2004.
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67Federalism and bioethics: States and moral pluralismHastings Center Report 37 (6): 24-35. 2007.Bioethicists are often interested mostly in national standards and institutions, but state governments have historically overseen a wide range of bioethical issues and share responsibility with the federal government for still others. States ought to have an important role. By allowing for multiple outcomes, the American federal system allows a better fit between public opinion and public policies.
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59Strangers at the benchside: Research ethics consultationAmerican Journal of Bioethics 8 (3). 2008.Institutional ethics consultation services for biomedical scientists have begun to proliferate, especially for clinical researchers. We discuss several models of ethics consultation and describe a team-based approach used at Stanford University in the context of these models. As research ethics consultation services expand, there are many unresolved questions that need to be addressed, including what the scope, composition, and purpose of such services should be, whether core competencies for co…Read more
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57Translating Stem Cell Research: Challenges at the Research FrontierJournal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 38 (2): 267-276. 2010.There are many kinds of clinical trials. The regulatory framework within which most drug development takes place appears to be the one that is to be applied to the development of novel stem cell-based clinical trials. In the standard drug development model, appropriate pre-clinical research is conducted, and investigators or research sponsors submit an investigational new drug application to the Food and Drug Administration.If approved, typical clinical trials start with Phase I, which is usuall…Read more
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56Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Strangers at the Beachside: Research Ethics Consultation”American Journal of Bioethics 8 (3): 4-6. 2008.Institutional ethics consultation services for biomedical scientists have begun to proliferate, especially for clinical researchers. We discuss several models of ethics consultation and describe a team-based approach used at Stanford University in the context of these models. As research ethics consultation services expand, there are many unresolved questions that need to be addressed, including what the scope, composition, and purpose of such services should be, whether core competencies for co…Read more
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53Evolution without change in Gene frequenciesBiology and Philosophy 13 (2): 255-261. 1998.Biologists often define evolution as a change in allele frequencies. Consideration of the evolution of the pocket mouse will show that it is possible to have evolution without any change in the allele frequencies in a population (through change in the genotype frequencies). The implications of this for genic selectionism are then discussed. Sober and Lewontin (1982) have constructed an example to demonstrate the blindness of genic selectionism in certain cases. Sterelny and Kitcher (1988) offer …Read more
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47States and Moral PluralismHastings Center Report 37 (6): 24. 2007.Bioethicists are often interested mostly in national standards and institutions, but state governments have historically overseen a wide range of bioethical issues and share responsibility with the federal government for still others. States ought to have an important role. By allowing for multiple outcomes, the American federal system allows a better fit between public opinion and public policies.
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45Theory, practice, and epistemology in the development of species conceptsStudies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 27 (4): 521-545. 1996.
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41Adrift in the gray zone: IRB perspectives on research in the learning health systemAJOB Empirical Bioethics 7 (2): 125-134. 2016.
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40Digital Contact Tracing, Privacy, and Public HealthHastings Center Report 50 (3): 43-46. 2020.Digital contact tracing, in combination with widespread testing, has been a focal point for many plans to “reopen” economies while containing the spread of Covid‐19. Most digital contact tracing projects in the United States and Europe have prioritized privacy protections in the form of local storage of data on smartphones and the deidentification of information. However, in the prioritization of privacy in this narrow form, there is not sufficient attention given to weighing ethical trade‐offs …Read more
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40Heuristics and biases in evolutionary biologyBiology and Philosophy 12 (1): 21-38. 1997.Approaching science by considering the epistemological virtues which scientists see as constitutive of good science, and the way these virtues trade-off against one another, makes it possible to capture action that may be lost by approaches which focus on either the theoretical or institutional level. Following Wimsatt (1984) I use the notion of heuristics and biases to help explore a case study from the history of biology. Early in the 20th century, mutation theorists and natural historians fou…Read more
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39Can Informed Consent Go Too Far? Balancing Consent and Public Benefit in ResearchAmerican Journal of Bioethics 13 (4). 2013.(2013). Can Informed Consent Go Too Far? Balancing Consent and Public Benefit in Research. The American Journal of Bioethics: Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 1-2. doi: 10.1080/15265161.2013.778645
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36Clinical Ethics Consultation: A Need for EvidenceAmerican Journal of Bioethics 15 (1): 1-2. 2015.
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36Building a Trustworthy Precision Health Research EnterpriseAmerican Journal of Bioethics 18 (4): 1-2. 2018.
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35Can the Dead Donor Rule be Resuscitated?American Journal of Bioethics 11 (8): 1-1. 2011.The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 11, Issue 8, Page 1, August 2011
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33Disease Gene Patenting: The Clinician's DilemmaCambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 7 (4): 433-435. 1998.One strategy for defenders of gene patenting is to adopt a constructivist interpretation of genetic testing to avoid the I argue that accepting this view (which seems to be the approach of the U.S. Office of Patents and Trademarks) results in an intolerable dilemma for physicians. They must either infringe patents or fail to act on all the medically relevant information they possess (malpractice)
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32A Defense of the Dead Donor RuleHastings Center Report 48 (S4): 36-38. 2018.Discussion of the “dead donor rule” is challenging because it implicates views about a wide range of issues, including whether and when patients are appropriately declared dead, the validity of the doctrine of double effect, and the moral difference between or equivalence of active euthanasia and withdrawal of life‐sustaining treatment. The DDR will be defined here as the prohibition against removal of organs necessary for the life of the patient—that is, the prohibition of intentionally ending …Read more
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30Citizen Science and GamificationHastings Center Report 49 (2): 40-46. 2019.According to the mainstream conception of research involving human participants, researchers have been trained scientists acting within institutions and have been the individuals doing the studying, while participants, who are nonscientist members of the public, have been the individuals being studied. The relationship between the public and scientists is evolving, however, giving rise to several new concepts, including crowdsourcing and citizen science. In addition, the practice of gamification…Read more
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29A Commentary on Oocyte Donation for Stem Cell Research in South KoreaAmerican Journal of Bioethics 6 (1). 2006.No abstract
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28Informed Consent: A Matter of Aspiration Since 1966American Journal of Bioethics 19 (5): 3-5. 2019.Volume 19, Issue 5, May 2019, Page 3-5.
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28The Importance of Understanding Language in Large Language ModelsAmerican Journal of Bioethics 23 (10): 6-7. 2023.Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have ushered in a transformative phase in artificial intelligence (AI). Unlike conventional AI, LLMs excel in facilitating fluid human–computer d...
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28A new era for AJOBAmerican Journal of Bioethics 4 (3). 2004.This Article does not have an abstract
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26Managing Expectations: Delivering the Worst News in the Best Way?American Journal of Bioethics 18 (1): 1-2. 2018.
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25The Instrumental Role of Hospital Ethics Committees in Policy WorkAmerican Journal of Bioethics 12 (11): 1-2. 2012.No abstract
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24Sexless Reproduction: A Status SymbolAmerican Journal of Bioethics 11 (3): 1-1. 2011.This Article does not have an abstract
Stanford, California, United States of America