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4Ambiguity, responsibility and political action in the UK daily COVID-19 briefingsCritical Discourse Studies 21 (1): 76-91. 2024.ABSTRACT This paper investigates how pronouns were used by UK government speakers to allocate responsibility to themselves and others in all 92 daily televised COVID-19 briefings that were held between March and June 2020. We identified the referent for every use of the first-person plural pronoun (1PL) as ‘inclusive’, ‘exclusive’, or 'ambiguous' and analysed the transitivity patterns in which these pronouns act as Participants. We argue that the UK government uses the inherent ambiguity of this…Read more
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18The Evolution of Child Marriage as a Human Rights ConcernHuman Rights Review 24 (4): 585-604. 2023.The elimination of child marriage is a goal that ranks high on the agendas of civil society organizations, national governments, and multilateral institutions. To date, however, there has been very little scholarship on the historical debates over the definition of child marriage. This article examines the history of age-restricted marriage as it was debated during the development of human rights instruments in the post-World War II era. Using archives of the United Nations and affiliated organi…Read more
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39Relational and embodied knowing: Nursing ethics within the interprofessional teamNursing Ethics 18 (1): 20-30. 2011.In this article we attempt to situate nursing within the interprofessional care team with respect to processes of ethical practice and ethical decision making. After briefly reviewing the concept of interprofessionalism, the idea of a nursing ethic as ‘unique’ within the context of an interprofessional team will be explored. We suggest that nursing’s distinct perspective on the moral matters of health care stem not from any privileged vantage point but rather from knowledge developed through the…Read more
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84Mainstreaming the e-excluded in Europe: strategies, good practices and some ethical issues (review)Ethics and Information Technology 12 (2): 139-156. 2010.E-inclusion is getting a lot of attention in Europe these days. The European Commission and EU Member States have initiated e-inclusion strategies aimed at reaching out to the e-excluded and bringing them into the mainstream of society and the economy. The benefits of mainstreaming the excluded are numerous. Good practices play an important role in the strategies, and examples can be found in e-health, e-learning, e-government, e-inclusion and other e-domains. So laudable seems the rationale for…Read more
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251A framework for the ethical impact assessment of information technologyEthics and Information Technology 13 (3): 199-226. 2011.This paper proposes a framework for an ethical impact assessment which can be performed in regard to any policy, service, project or programme involving information technology. The framework is structured on the four principles posited by Beauchamp and Childress together with a separate section on privacy and data protection. The framework identifies key social values and ethical issues, provides some brief explanatory contextual information which is then followed by a set of questions aimed at …Read more
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59Senior citizens and the ethics of e-inclusionEthics and Information Technology 11 (3): 203-220. 2009.The ageing society poses significant challenges to Europe’s economy and society. In coming to grips with these issues, we must be aware of their ethical dimensions. Values are the heart of the European Union, as Article 1a of the Lisbon Treaty makes clear: “The Union is founded on the values of respect for human dignity…”. The notion of Europe as a community of values has various important implications, including the development of inclusion policies. A special case of exclusion concerns the gap…Read more
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53Assessing the Preparedness of Research Integrity Officers (RIOs) to Appropriately Handle Possible Research Misconduct CasesScience and Engineering Ethics 18 (4): 605-619. 2012.Institutions receiving federal funding for research from the U.S.Public Health Service need to have policies and procedures to both prevent research misconduct and to adjudicate it when it occurs. The person who is designated to handle research misconduct is typically referred to as the research integrity officer (RIO). In this interview study we report on 79 RIOs who describe how they would handle allegations of research misconduct. Their responses were compared to two expert RIOs. The response…Read more
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73Ethics, e-Inclusion and AgeingStudies in Ethics, Law, and Technology 3 (1). 2009.Ethical questions about information and communications technologies have been debated since World War II. Western democracies have had more than 50 years of experience in addressing and organising the ethical, social and legal aspects of scientific and technological developments. However, this expertise, tradition and experience are not enough to manage the most urgent ethical and social issues and contemporary challenges involving ICT. A systematic and institutional organisation of social value…Read more
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101Senior citizens and the ethics of e-inclusionEthics and Information Technology 11 (3): 203-220. 2009.The ageing society poses significant challenges to Europe’s economy and society. In coming to grips with these issues, we must be aware of their ethical dimensions. Values are the heart of the European Union, as Article 1a of the Lisbon Treaty makes clear: “The Union is founded on the values of respect for human dignity…”. The notion of Europe as a community of values has various important implications, including the development of inclusion policies. A special case of exclusion concerns the gap…Read more
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82Mentoring and Research Misconduct: An Analysis of Research Mentoring in Closed ORI CasesScience and Engineering Ethics 14 (3): 323-336. 2008.We are reporting on how involved the mentor was in promoting responsible research in cases of research misconduct. We reviewed the USPHS misconduct files of the Office of Research Integrity. These files are created by Institutions who prosecute a case of possible research misconduct; ORI has oversight review of these investigations. We explored the role of the mentor in the cases of trainee research misconduct on three specific behaviors that we believe mentors should perform with their trainee:…Read more
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59Methods for Practising Ethics in Research and Innovation: A Literature Review, Critical Analysis and RecommendationsScience and Engineering Ethics 24 (5): 1437-1481. 2018.This paper provides a systematic literature review, analysis and discussion of methods that are proposed to practise ethics in research and innovation. Ethical considerations concerning the impacts of R&I are increasingly important, due to the quickening pace of technological innovation and the ubiquitous use of the outcomes of R&I processes in society. For this reason, several methods for practising ethics have been developed in different fields of R&I. The paper first of all presents a systema…Read more
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57The 'Brain Drain' of physicians: historical antecedents to an ethical debate, c. 1960–79Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 3 24. 2008.Many western industrialized countries are currently suffering from a crisis in health human resources, one that involves a debate over the recruitment and licensing of foreign-trained doctors and nurses. The intense public policy interest in foreign-trained medical personnel, however, is not new. During the 1960s, western countries revised their immigration policies to focus on highly-trained professionals. During the following decade, hundreds of thousands of health care practitioners migrated …Read more
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3Why Guidance Comes from the Research CommunityHastings Center Report 44 (s3): 27-28. 2014.The good news is that our uniquely American formula for research regulation has worked well, on the whole, by placing the first‐line administration of the regulations with peers in the institutions and by minimizing the size of the federal oversight agencies and generally limiting intrusive oversight to serious matters. The bad news has been lack of regulatory coordination, both in the federal government and at research institutions. This is the problem addressed in this supplement in the report…Read more