Hamid Zand

The major conflict in the old philosophy of mind was the material or supernatural origin of mind and consciousness. Based on new neuroscientific findings, philosophers have become more cautious in considering the immaterial origin of the mind. At present, the main debate in the philosophy of mind is the dependence or independence of mental phenomena on information and signals received from the outside world. If we consider the brain as a living organ and the mind as a product of brain activity, the need of this organ for matter and energy obtained from nature has been neglected as signals. Gut hormones, food-derived nutrients, and gut microbiome effects influence brain functions. Therefore, it is impossible to consider a brain separated from the surrounding world as long as it is alive and needs nutrient flow. ER -