James Chen

Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) has been a growing point of interest in medical education yet has not been assessed in the field of bioethics. This study evaluated the accuracy of ChatGPT-3.5 (April 2023 version) in answering text-based, multiple choice bioethics questions at the level of US third-year and fourth-year medical students. A total of 114 bioethical questions were identified from the widely utilised question banks UWorld and AMBOSS. Accuracy, bioethical categories, difficulty levels, specialty data, error analysis and character count were analysed. We found that ChatGPT had an accuracy of 59.6%, with greater accuracy in topics surrounding death and patient–physician relationships and performed poorly on questions pertaining to informed consent. Of all the specialties, it performed best in paediatrics. Yet, certain specialties and bioethical categories were under-represented. Among the errors made, it tended towards content errors and application errors. There were no significant associations between character count and accuracy. Nevertheless, this investigation contributes to the ongoing dialogue on artificial intelligence’s (AI) role in healthcare and medical education, advocating for further research to fully understand AI systems’ capabilities and constraints in the nuanced field of medical bioethics.

Hurricane Katrina broke America's collective heart. No previous natural disaster in the nation's history inflicted a grimmer toll. The legendary city of New Orleans all but sank when its levees failed and the resulting storm surge drowned much of the city and many of its feeblest, most vulnerable residents. Katrina exposed flaws in virtually every aspect of disaster management at every level of American government. The magnitude and senselessness of the loss indicted American society for its callous disregard of social vulnerability. There is no such thing as a natural disaster. Understanding the interplay of environmental events with social conditions holds the key to the optimal application of legal tools for preventing, mitigating, and remedying natural tragedies - the grand social exercise called law among the ruins.

In his celebrated 1959 lecture, "The Two Cultures," C.P. Snow excoriated the conflict between the scientific and literary cultures. That conflict still resonates in a society crippled by cultural divides over a wide range of scientifically sophisticated issues, such as climate change, biodiversity loss, childhood vaccination, embryonic stem cell research, abortion, and end-of-life decisionmaking. C.S. Holling, Lance Gunderson, and Donald Ludwig have responded to Snow's challenge by proposing an integrative theory of panarchy for organizing our understanding of the dynamics underlying complex economic, ecological, and institutional systems. Drawing lessons from the intertwined Greek myths of Midas, Hermes, and Pan, this essay concludes that the quest for truth in science and in law will favor those who, like the god of unpredictable change, have long heard and always will hear the music

The craft of librarianship should inform the law governing the acquisition, preservation, and transmission of knowledge. Drawing upon T.S. Eliot's works of literary criticism, part I of this article describes the contradictory role of cultural memory in a society saturated with new information. Even as the accumulation of information in a technologically explosive society heightens the value of the most prominent cultural landmarks, each distinct cultural expression commands an ever-diminishing amount of attention. Parts II and III turn from literary theory to legal doctrine. After reviewing the Supreme Court's cases on library management, part II endorses two basic principles within the law of librarianship as a branch of First Amendment jurisprudence. First, decisions to acquire material should lie beyond judicial challenge. Second, legislative mandates to exclude material should draw strict scrutiny and should be presumed unconstitutional. Part III concludes that uncertainty within the Supreme Court's jurisprudence on librarianship should be resolved in favor of more liberal access to information.

Fiat lux.... In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. And as sin came into the world, so too did the possibility and the promise of redemption. The Book of Genesis' accounts of Creation supply three distinct ethics that inform agriculture as the profoundest point of contact between humanity and the natural world. The combatants in the debate between conventional and alternative agriculture have co-opted the dominion ethic of Genesis' first account of Creation and the stewardship ethic of the Scriptures' second account. But these intrinsically romantic accounts overlook a third ethic, the survival ethic that God pronounces upon expelling Adam and Eve from Eden. Fiat lex.... In the beginning was the farm, and the farm was with the law, and the farm was the law. Modern American agricultural law may have been born during the developmental dawn of 1862, but the beast had spent nine decades in gestation. The Constitution itself included the first two pieces of agricultural law in the United States: the accommodation of slavery and the apportionment of Senate seats by territory. The politics of slaves and Senators defined American agricultural policy well past the Civil War. The curse of slavery as American agriculture's original sin grips us still. So tight is the grip that the entire history of racial oppression in America can be succinctly stated in agricultural terms. And the darkness comprehended it not.... The Agrarian manifesto, I'll Take My Stand, provides a touchstone by which Americans can reflect upon their country's agricultural history and upon the South's unique contribution to that history. Agrarian romanticism, as embodied in Agrarian ideology, conceals the depravity and original sin of American agriculture. Look homeward, America, to the Dixie where you were born early on one frosty mornin', and you will reap the bitter harvest that your founding farmers sowed. The first shall be last, and the last shall be first.... Any redemption of American agriculture and the law it has spawned surely does not rest in the idolatrous attribution of divine power to the farmer. In a world without agrarian virtue, on face of an earth cursed for Adam's sake, the only redemption possible is a redemption without romance. Hand in hand, with wandering steps and slow, let us through Eden take our solitary way