•  57
    The Role of Gestures in Logic
    Multimodal Communication. forthcoming.
    Gestures are usually regarded as a casual element of communication processes between logicians. By contrast, we aim to show that gestures have played a significant role in logic. We argue that the development of communication techniques and their standardization have led to the rise of formal notation systems commonly used in logic today. In order to substantiate this claim, the historical development of the use of gestures in (early) modern logic is investigated. This investigation uncovers exe…Read more
  •  5
    Euler diagrams often require several figures to adequately represent propositions and syllogisms. Euler’s followers, notably Friedrich Ueberweg, endeavored to overcome this difficulty with the use of dotted lines to express uncertainty about the relation between the terms of a proposition. Subsequently, Venn regarded such attempts as ineffectual and went to construct his own celebrated scheme. In this paper, we argue that Ueberweg’s method could be expanded to meet Venn’s expectations, and hence…Read more
  •  5
    ‘Byzantine logic diagrams’ have been used since at least late antiquity, and became popular in Europe in the 16th century. However, since the criticism of W. Hamilton and J. Venn in the 19th century, Byzantine diagrams have been largely dismissed as obsolete. This paper challenges this prevailing view. Initially, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research pertaining to these diagrams, illustrating their applicability in analyzing assertoric syllogisms. Subsequently, we …Read more
  •  7
    Schopenhauer Diagrams for Conceptual Analysis
    In Ahti Veikko Pietarinen, P. Chapman, Leonie Bosveld-de Smet, Valeria Giardino, James Corter & Sven Linker (eds.), Diagrammatic Representation and Inference. Diagrams 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 12169.. 2020.
    In his Berlin Lectures of the 1820s, the German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer (1788–1860) used spatial logic diagrams for philosophy of language. These logic diagrams were applied to many areas of semantics and pragmatics, such as theories of concept formation, concept development, translation theory, clarification of conceptual disputes, etc. In this paper we first introduce the basic principles of Schopenhauer’s philosophy of language and his diagrammatic method. Since Schopenhauer often giv…Read more
  •  14
    Geometrie
    In Daniel Schubbe & Matthias Koßler (eds.), Schopenhauer-Handbuch: Leben – Werk – Wirkung, Springer. 2018.
    In mathematics textbooks and special mathematical treatises, themes and theses of Arthur Schopenhauer's elementary geometry appear again and again. Since Schopenhauer's geometry or philosophy of geometry was considered exemplary in the 19th and early 20th centuries in its relation to figures and thus to the intuition, the two-hundred-year reception history sketched in this paper also follows the evaluation of intuition-related geometries, which depends on the mathematical paradigms.
  • Christentum und Mystik
    In Daniel Schubbe & Matthias Koßler (eds.), Schopenhauer-Handbuch: Leben – Werk – Wirkung, Springer. pp. 200-206. 2018.
    Schopenhauer's struggles with Christianity and mysticism are considered in this paper under three aspects: (1) methodology and defnitions, (2) doxography of dogmatics, (3) mystology and hagiology. In the first section, Schopenhauer's approaches and opinions in dealing with Christianity are described. In the second section, relevant passages from Schopenhauer's work on Christian dogmatic topics are compiled and systematized. In the third section, the function and significance of the Christian mys…Read more
  •  50
    Schopenhauer’s Partition Diagrams and Logical Geometry
    In Viana P. Manalo E. Legg C. Linker S. Stapleton G. Basu A. (ed.), Diagrams 2021: Diagrammatic Representation and Inference. pp. 149-165. 2021.
    The paper examines Schopenhauer’s complex diagrams from the Berlin Lectures of the 1820 s, which show certain partitions of classes. Drawing upon ideas and techniques from logical geometry, we show that Schopenhauer’s partition diagrams systematically give rise to a special type of Aristotelian diagrams, viz. (strong) α -structures.
  •  168
    This article examines the evolution of the concept of existence in modern visual representation and reasoning, highlighting important milestones. In the late eighteenth century, during the so-called golden age of visual reasoning, nominalism reigned supreme and there was limited scope for existential import or individuals in logic diagrams. By the late nineteenth century, a form of realism had taken hold, whose existential commitments continue to dominate many areas in logic and visual reasoning…Read more
  •  15
    This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Diagrams, Diagrams 2024, held in Münster, Germany, during September 27–October 1, 2024. The 17 full papers, 19 short papers and 11 papers of other types included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 69 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Keynote Talks; Analysis of Diagrams; Euler and Venn Diagrams; Diagrams in Logic; Diagrams and Appl…Read more
  •  130
    Why logic has not taken a step forward or backward
    Con-Textos Kantianos 19 187-196. 2024.
    The criticism of Immanuel Kant’s logic commenced with the advent of the so-called ‘new logic’ in the 20th century. One particular passage from the second preface to the Critique of Pure Reason has been a source of contention, where Kant asserted that logic has not taken a step forward or backward since Aristotle (B VIII). In Kant scholarship, one current strategy to avoid this criticism is to relocate Kant within the domain of philosophy of logic or by segregating his general logic from modern f…Read more
  •  7
    Schopenhauer’s Partition Diagrams and Logical Geometry
    In Viana P. Manalo E. Legg C. Linker S. Stapleton G. Basu A. (ed.), Diagrams 2021: Diagrammatic Representation and Inference. pp. 149-165. 2021.
    The paper examines Schopenhauer’s complex diagrams from the Berlin Lectures of the 1820 s, which show certain partitions of classes. Drawing upon ideas and techniques from logical geometry, we show that Schopenhauer’s partition diagrams systematically give rise to a special type of Aristotelian diagrams, viz. (strong) α -structures.
  • What is the primacy of logic? Concepts, judgments, or inferences? Whereas representationalists traditionally argue for a primacy of the conceptual, rationalists, referring to the context principle and the use theory of meaning, consider judgments and inferences to be primary. This dispute also seems to be applicable to logic diagrams: Whereas “Euler-type diagrams” are actually only for judgments and inferences, “concept diagrams” represent ontologies by using concepts. With reference to Schopenh…Read more
  •  25
    Der Philosophiebegriff im florentinischen Renaissanceplatonismus
    Archiv für Begriffsgeschichte 58 9-44. 2016.
    The paper examines the definitions of the concept ‘philosophy’ resp. ‘the philosopher’ in Florentine renaissance Platonism, namely Marsilio Ficino and his scholar Francesco di Zanobi Cattani da Diacceto. Following Socrates and Pythagoras, Ficino distinguishes between mundane philosophy and divine sapientia. In contrast to his teacher, Diacceto’s Aristotelism rejects the Pythagoreanism and connects philosophy with sapientia. In order to show how the differences between Ficino and Diacceto emerge,…Read more
  •  19
    In the rapidly evolving landscape of multimodal communication research, this paper explores the transformative role of machine learning (ML), particularly using multimodal large language models, in tracking, augmenting, annotating, and analyzing multimodal data. Building upon the foundations laid in our previous work, we explore the capabilities that have emerged over the past years. The integration of ML allows researchers to gain richer insights from multimodal data, enabling a deeper understa…Read more
  •  7
    Im Folgenden stellen wir drei aktuelle Forschungsbereiche zur formalen Logik bei Kant allgemeinverständlich dar und greifen dabei auf die trans zendentale Logik nur dann zurück, wenn sie ein besseres Verständnis der formalen Logik ermöglicht: Zunächst wird Kants Beitrag zur Rezeption und Weiterentwicklung von Euler-artigen Diagrammen dargestellt. Diese Diagramme wurden in den 1990er Jahren wiederentdeckt, als formales System interpretiert und werden heute insbes. in der Didaktik, in den Kognitio…Read more
  •  43
    The paper gives an overview of Arthur Schopenhauer's theory of rationality. For Schopenhauer, rationality is a human faculty based on language, which, in addition to language, is primarily concerned with knowledge or philosophy of science and practical action. For Schopenhauer, language is the umbrella term under which he subsumes logic and eristics. This paper will first introduce Schopenhauer's logic and clarify its connection to the philosophy of language. This is followed by eristic dialecti…Read more
  •  581
    Transcendental Philosophy and Logic Diagrams
    Philosophical Investigations 48 (1): 91-117. 2024.
    Logic diagrams have seen a resurgence in their application in a range of fields, including logic, biology, media science, computer science and philosophy. Consequently, understanding the history and philosophy of these diagrams has become crucial. As many current diagrammatic systems in logic are based on ideas that originated in the 18th and 19th centuries, it is important to consider what motivated the use of logic diagrams in the past and whether these reasons are still valid today. This pape…Read more
  •  300
    Seneca’s and Porphyry’s Trees in Modern Interpretation
    In Jens Lemanski & Ingolf Max (eds.), Historia Logicae and its Modern Interpretation, College Publications. pp. 61-87. 2023.
    This paper presents an analysis of Seneca's 58th letter to Lucilius and Porphyry's Isagoge, which were the origin of the tree diagrams that became popular in philosophy and logic from the early Middle Ages onwards. These diagrams visualise the extent to which a concept can be understood as a category, genus, species or individual and what the method of dihairesis (division) means. The paper explores the dissimilarities between Seneca's and Porphyry's tree structures, scrutinising them through th…Read more
  •  436
    Does Logic Have a History at All?
    Foundations of Science 1-23. forthcoming.
    To believe that logic has no history might at first seem peculiar today. But since the early 20th century, this position has been repeatedly conflated with logical monism of Kantian provenance. This logical monism asserts that only one logic is authoritative, thereby rendering all other research in the field marginal and negating the possibility of acknowledging a history of logic. In this paper, I will show how this and many related issues have developed, and that they are founded on only one p…Read more
  •  25
    The essay review examines three current editions of Arthur Schopenhauer's early works. These editions reveal a departure from his more academically-oriented early work towards the more popular late work. The extent to which these new editions accommodate current Schopenhauer research is discussed, with a focus on moving beyond the biased interpretations of the 19th and 20th centuries. Furthermore, the essay argues that Schopenhauer's early work is still valuable today for several reasons. Stylis…Read more
  •  641
    Kant’s Crucial Contribution to Euler Diagrams
    Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 55 (1). 2024.
    Logic diagrams have been increasingly studied and applied for a few decades, not only in logic, but also in many other fields of science. The history of logic diagrams is an important subject, as many current systems and applications of logic diagrams are based on historical predecessors. While traditional histories of logic diagrams cite pioneers such as Leibniz, Euler, Venn, and Peirce, it is not widely known that Kant and the early Kantians in Germany and England played a crucial role in popu…Read more
  •  21
    Multimodal communication research focuses on how different means of signalling coordinate to communicate effectively. This line of research is traditionally influenced by fields such as cognitive and neuroscience, human-computer interaction, and linguistics. With new technologies becoming available in fields such as natural language processing and computer vision, the field can increasingly avail itself of new ways of analyzing and understanding multimodal communication. As a result, there is a …Read more
  • This is a review of a book by Simon Schüz, in which transcendental arguments in Fichte and Hegel are examined.
  • Der Tod Gottes als Apoptose oder Nekrose – Zur Konstitution höherer Immunsysteme
    with Jens Lemanski and Eva Siepmann
    Internationale Zeitschrift Für Philosophie Und Psychosomatik 2. 2010.
    Das folgende Essay erläutert, warum der Tod Gottes sowohl in einem konsequent theistischen System als auch bei atheistischen Denkern unausweichlich ist. Zur Beantwortung der Frage, wie Gott gestorben ist, werden hauptsächlich Autoren wie Friedrich W. Schelling , Friedrich Nietzsche und Peter Sloterdijk herangezogen. Da die Rede vom Tod Gottes den Verdacht erweckt, metaphorisch zu sein, werden wir mit Apoptose und Nekrose auch zwei unterschiedliche Metaphern anwenden, um den vorliegenden Sachverh…Read more
  •  708
    Fichte’s Formal Logic
    Synthese 202 (1): 1-27. 2023.
    Fichte’s Foundations of the Entire Wissenschaftslehre 1794 is one of the most fundamental books in classical German philosophy. The use of laws of thought to establish foundational principles of transcendental philosophy was groundbreaking in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century and is still crucial for many areas of theoretical philosophy and logic in general today. Nevertheless, contemporaries have already noted that Fichte’s derivation of foundational principles from the law of id…Read more
  •  584
    Analyzing the philosophy of travel with Schopenhauerian argument maps
    Southern Journal of Philosophy 61 (4): 588-606. 2023.
    Emily Thomas's seminal book The Meaning of Travel has brought the philosophy of travel back into the public eye in recent years. Thomas has shown that the topic of travel can be approached from numerous different perspectives, ranging from the historical to the conceptual‐analytical, to the political or even social‐philosophical perspectives. This article introduces another perspective, which Thomas only indirectly addresses, namely the argumentation‐theoretical perspective. It is notable that c…Read more
  •  12
    Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung
    with Matthias Koßler, Maurizio Morini, Daniel Schubbe, Dieter Birnbacher, Friedhelm Decher, Brigitte Scheer, Oliver Hallich, and Margit Ruffing
    In Daniel Schubbe & Matthias Koßler (eds.), Schopenhauer-Handbuch: Leben – Werk – Wirkung, Springer. pp. 40-97. 2018.
    Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung entstand in den Jahren 1814 bis 1818 in Dresden und erschien im Dezember 1818 mit der Jahreszahl 1819 bei Brockhaus in Leipzig. Unmittelbar nachdem das Hauptwerk erschienen war, habilitierte sich Schopenhauer mit seinem Buch an der Berliner Universität und wurde dort Privatdozent.
  •  651
    Discourse Ethics and Eristic
    Polish Journal of Aesthetics 62 151-162. 2021.
    Eristic has been studied more and more intensively in recent years in philosophy, law, communication theory, logic, proof theory, and A.I. Nevertheless, the modern origins of eristic, which almost all current researchers see in the philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer, are considered to be a theory of the illegitimate use of logical and rhetorical devices. Thus, eristic seems to violate the norms of discourse ethics. In this paper, I argue that this interpretation of eristic is based on prejudices th…Read more
  •  11
    Spätwerk und Nachgelassenes
    with Yasuo Kamata, Thomas Regehly, Domenico M. Fazio, Matthias Koßler, and Elena Cantarino
    In Daniel Schubbe & Matthias Koßler (eds.), Schopenhauer-Handbuch: Leben – Werk – Wirkung, Springer. pp. 150-183. 2018.
    Schopenhauers handschriftlicher Nachlass im weiteren Sinne umfasst alle von ihm stammenden aber zu seinen Lebzeiten nicht im Druck veröffentlichten Aufzeichnungen und Dokumente jeglicher Art aus all seinen Lebensphasen. Im üblichen und engeren Sinne beschränkt sich die Bezeichnung ›Schopenhauers handschriftlicher Nachlass‹ meist auf die Manuskripte mit philosophischen bzw. wissenschaftlichen Themen. Reisetagebücher, Briefe sowie geschäftliche, amtliche, biographische und ähnliche Dokumente wurde…Read more