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12Protocol AnalysisIn William Bechtel & George Graham (eds.), A Companion to Cognitive Science, Blackwell. 2017.The central problem which cognitive scientists face in studying thinking is that thinking cannot be observed directly by other people. The traditional solution has been to rely on introspective methods, where individuals observe their own thinking and reflect on its characteristics. In everyday life, the most common technique involves asking people questions about their thinking, knowledge, and strategies. Psychologists have refined the methods for questioning individuals by designing questionna…Read more
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48Effects of 30 Years of Disuse on Exceptional Memory PerformanceCognitive Science 42 (S3): 884-903. 2018.In the mid-1980s, Dario Donatelli participated in a laboratory study of the effects of around 800 h of practice on digit-span and increased his digit-span from 8 to 104 digits. This study assessed changes in the structure of his memory skill after around 30 years of essentially no practice on the digit-span task. On the first day of testing, his estimated span was only 10 digits, but over the following 3 days of testing it increased to 19 digits. Further analyses of his recall performance and ve…Read more
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29Maintaining excellence: deliberate practice and elite performance in young and older pianistsJournal of Experimental Psychology: General 125 (4): 331. 1996.
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17The search for fixed generalizable limits of “pure STM” capacity: Problems with theoretical proposals based on independent chunksBehavioral and Brain Sciences 24 (1): 120-121. 2001.Cowan's experimental techniques cannot constrain subject's recall of presented information to distinct independent chunks in short-term memory (STM). The encoding of associations in long-term memory contaminates recall of pure STM capacity. Even in task environments where the functional independence of chunks is convincingly demonstrated, individuals can increase the storage of independent chunks with deliberate practice – well above the magical number four.
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12The scientific induction problem: A case for case studiesBehavioral and Brain Sciences 10 (3): 480-481. 1987.
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8Recall or regeneration of past mental states: Toward an account in terms of cognitive processesBehavioral and Brain Sciences 16 (1): 41-42. 1993.
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11How experts' adaptations to representative task demands account for the expertise effect in memory recall: Comment on Vicente and Wang (1998)Psychological Review 107 (3): 578-592. 2000.
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35Applying Aspects of the Expert Performance Approach to Better Understand the Structure of Skill and Mechanisms of Skill Acquisition in Video GamesTopics in Cognitive Science 8 (4). 2016.Video games are ideal platforms for the study of skill acquisition for a variety of reasons. However, our understanding of the development of skill and the cognitive representations that support skilled performance can be limited by a focus on game scores. We present an alternative approach to the study of skill acquisition in video games based on the tools of the Expert Performance Approach. Our investigation was motivated by a detailed analysis of the behaviors responsible for the superior per…Read more
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35Can the parieto-frontal integration theory be extended to account for individual differences in skilled and expert performance in everyday life?Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (2): 168-169. 2007.Performance on abstract unfamiliar tasks used to measure intelligence has not been found to correlate with individual differences in highly skilled and expert performance. Given that cognitive and neural structures and regions mediating performance change as skill increases, the structures highlighted by parieto-frontal integration theory are unlikely to account for individual differences in skilled cognitive achievement in everyday life
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17Retention and transfer of morse code reception skill by novices: part-whole trainingJournal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 7 (2): 129. 2001.
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42Applying Aspects of the Expert Performance Approach to Better Understand the Structure of Skill and Mechanisms of Skill Acquisition in Video GamesTopics in Cognitive Science 9 (2): 413-436. 2017.Video games are ideal platforms for the study of skill acquisition for a variety of reasons. However, our understanding of the development of skill and the cognitive representations that support skilled performance can be limited by a focus on game scores. We present an alternative approach to the study of skill acquisition in video games based on the tools of the Expert Performance Approach. Our investigation was motivated by a detailed analysis of the behaviors responsible for the superior per…Read more
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114The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performancePsychological Review 100 (3): 363-406. 1993.
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Expert chess memory without chess knowledge-a training studyBulletin of the Psychonomic Society 28 (6): 518-518. 1990.
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How to elicit verbal reports that provide valid unobtrusive externalization of concurrent thinkingJournal of Consciousness Studies 10 (9-10): 1-18. 2003.
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39The role of intuition and deliberative thinking in experts’ superior tactical decision-makingCognition 124 (1): 72-78. 2012.
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49Basic capacities can be modified or circumvented by deliberate practice: A rejection of talent accounts of expert performanceBehavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (3): 413-414. 1998.To make genuine progress toward explicating the relation between innate talent and high levels of ability, we need to consider the differences in structure between most everyday abilities and expert performance. Only in expert performance is it possible to show consistently that individuals can acquire skills to circumvent and modify basic characteristics (talent).
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Valid and non-reactive verbalization of thoughts during performance of tasks - towards a solution to the central problems of introspection as a source of scientific dataJournal of Consciousness Studies 10 (9-10): 1-18. 2003.
Areas of Interest
Epistemology |
Philosophy of Religion |