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    Arnold J. Toynbee’s Quest for a New World Order: A Survey
    The European Legacy 20 (6): 619-635. 2015.
    Arnold J. Toynbee was not only a controversial historian, but also a beguiling internationalist. This article analyses Toynbee as an observer of international politics. In particular, it examines both his understanding of contemporary foreign politics and his constant search of a stable world order. From the idealism of his youth to the utopianism of religious origin that marked his final years, passing through his partial and temporary disenchantment with regard to his youthful expectations, th…Read more
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    Reinhold Niebuhr and the Irony of American History in and after the Cold War
    Telos: Critical Theory of the Contemporary 2014 (168): 85-105. 2014.
    At the beginning of the 1950s, Reinhold Niebuhr used the Christian concept of ‘irony’ to explain the difficult condition of the United States in the international system. In The Irony of American History the protestant theologian analyzed the ambiguity of American foreign policy during the first years of the Cold War. According to Niebuhr, the United States was involved in an ironic confutation of its sense of virtue, strength, security and wisdom. This confutation was due not only to its lack o…Read more