Maria Garcia

This paper aims to enhance security in IoT device networks through a visual tool that utilizes three projection techniques, including Beta Hebbian Learning (BHL), t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) and ISOMAP, in order to facilitate the identification of network attacks by human experts. This work research begins with the creation of a testing environment with IoT devices and web clients, simulating attacks over Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) for recording all relevant traffic information. The unsupervised algorithms chosen provide a set of projections that enable human experts to visually identify most attacks in real-time, making it a powerful tool that can be implemented in IoT environments easily.

This chapter presents an analysis of social responsibility and sustainability in the management of Spanish sports organizations, focusing especially on the perceptions, practices, ethical conflicts, and future perspectives reported by organizations in relation to these issues. Analysis of the main initiatives currently in place reveals that the public sector has an important influence on the adoption of responsible management criteria by sports organizations. Corporate governance issues were also revealed to be highly prominent, with such issues emerging to a greater extent in professional soccer clubs and large sports organizations. From an empirical point of view, the chapter presents analysis of five semi-structured interviews conducted with representatives of one sports organization from the public sector, one from the for-profit sector, and three from the voluntary sector. Findings reveal that organizations’ personal objectives and legal status condition their perceptions of issues regarding social responsibility and sustainability, in addition to the way in which they operate on a daily basis and their future prospects.

“El museo en camino” nace de la reflexión colectiva de un grupo interdiciplinar de mujeres artistas, docentes y arquitectas sobre arte, educación e infancia. El objetivo es difundir los valores artísticos, culturales y sociales del Camino de Santiago y presentar el patrimonio gallego del Museo de Pontevedra a niñas y niños de pequeñas poblaciones del camino Portugués. Para ello se diseña un recurso pedagógico, el museo portátil, acercando una experiencia museística y de experimentación plástica. Como registro y práctica final evaluativa se monta una exposición didáctica.

Using the scope of justice perspective (Deutsch in J Soc Issues 31(3):137–149, 1975 ; Opotow in Conflict, cooperation, and justice: essays inspired by the work of Morton Deutsch, 1995 , J Soc Issues 52:19–24, 1996 ), we examined whether and how the relationship between perceived discrimination against minorities at work (i.e., racial minorities and females) and citizenship behavior toward minorities can be modified by personal value for diversity. Based on a survey of 173 employees, unexpectedly, we found a negative relationship between perceived discrimination against minorities at work and citizenship behavior toward minorities. However, consistent with our expectations and the scope of justice, we found that the negative relationship was attenuated for those high in personal value for diversity

The current study reports on three role-plays investigating the understanding and uses of politeness by native speakers of Spanish from Spain, native speakers of English from the United States, and nonnative speakers of Spanish from the United States. Motivated by the different characterization of Peninsular Spanish and U.S. American cultures as solidarity and distancing cultures, respectively, we expected that American English speakers would be more inclined towards the use of politeness strategies linked to the protection of face, while Spaniards would make more use of maneuvers to enhance face. The pertinent research question is whether learners transfer into L2 their L1 preference for face-saving, or, conversely, are able to adapt their behavior depending on the language of the interaction. Our results show that, overall, nonnative speakers still abide by the norms of their L1 to some extent, attaching more importance to the avoidance of face-threats when speaking in Spanish than native speakers do, although this preference tends to become less marked as their proficiency in the L2 increases.

This article provides an analysis of the perception of fear in nightlife spaces, its relationship with sexual violence and the strategies that young people implement to combat these situations in two provinces of Andalusia, Spain. To this end, qualitative research was carried out through in-depth interviews and discussion groups with 73 boys and girls between the ages of 16 and 22. The article asserts that there are gender differences in the spaces of fear. Girls are the ones who experience fear the most when they walk alone, and at specific times – a feeling that is made worse in specific public spaces. The study results show that girls’ fear is associated with sexual assault and boys’ fear with robberies or fights. Results show that three main types of strategies are used in the face of these fears: avoidance, confronting risks and empowerment. All these strategies include the use of new communication technologies. This article seeks to provide a theoretical contribution to enhancing a gender perspective in the field of urban geography.

The main objective of this work is to examine the prevalence of psychopathy in the general adult population from the main currently existing theoretical perspectives of psychopathy, using for this purpose the five-factor or Big Five model as a common language that allows the comparison and integration of the personality traits considered as defining psychopathy by these different perspectives. The NEO Personality Inventory-Revised was applied to a sample of 682 adults of the general Spanish population. The prevalence of clinical and subclinical psychopathy was calculated according to six different definitions of these two constructs based on Hare’s, Lilienfeld’s, triarchic, and DSM-5-hybrid models, and the simultaneous presence of a minimum number of personality traits that differed from the sample mean by one standard deviation. Prevalence rates for the different definitions were consistently low, indicating that the prevalence of clinical psychopathy in the general Spanish population is around 0.55%, and that of subclinical psychopathy is around 1.65%. There were no significant sex differences in the prevalence of psychopathy. These results question the alarmist claims that warn about the existence in society of a very high number of people with psychopathy who can cause many social, economic, physical, and psychological damage to others.

El presente artículo traza una revisión de lo que actualmente se entiende por ciencia, arte y tecnología para poder mostrar cómo la ingeniería moderna y en particular la ingeniería civil, es un compendio de los tres componentes, siendo el medio necesario para la sostenibilidad ambiental y social hoy requeridas. La ingeniería se enfrenta a problemas y sigue un método, que no es exclusivamente científico. Necesita la aproximación al arte y el ingeniero debe contar con una formación humanística, de contenido humano significativo, que lo proteja del excesivo tecnicismo ya que se mueve en el entorno de lo real, no del laboratorio. La investigación bibliográfica y documental de la historia de los distintos conceptos permite pensar la ingeniería desde la filosofía y tiene como objetivo proponer que la llamada perspectiva CATI3 (Ciencia-Arte-Tecnología-Ingeniería) sea el vehículo de aproximación al concepto de ingeniería e interpretar sus relaciones con la tecnología, el arte y la ciencia en su proyección a la sociedad.

La generación del 98 surgió como consecuencia de una compleja situación económica, social, cultural y política sufrida por nuestro país. La derrota en la Guerra de Cuba y las consecuentes pérdidas coloniales fueron el detonante más inmediato que culmina-ron en un ánimo enrarecido y con aires decadentes. Fruto de este angosto clima surgió una nueva visión de la filosofía y la novela, esto es, una perspectiva hermenéutica diferente de la realidad del momento. En este sentido, haremos mención a cuatro de las obras principales que contribuyeron a dicha construcción teórica, al tiempo que desgranaremos su vertiente filosófica y la incidencia de las mismas en el conocido como problema de España. Pero, ¿qué ocurre con la visión femenina? ¿Cómo fueron las representaciones de las mujeres en estas obras? ¿qué tenían que decir las mujeres de esta generación? Para repensar las humanidades en la actualidad, es pertinente y esencial revisar los cimientos más inmediatos de nuestra filosofía y nuestra literatura, a la par que se torna crucial revisar la perspectiva femenina pues, solo de este modo, podremos tener una visión integradora de la importancia y la actualidad de las humanidades

Taller, estudio, laboratorio, fábrica… el espacio de trabajo del artista ha ido tomando diversos nombres, asumiendo diferentes formas y configuraciones. Pero en esencia se trata de un espacio funcional donde cada artista crea y produce su obra. Es un contexto altamente simbólico, activo y performativo, un lugar ideal para la ejecución de acciones y procesos en los que explorar la fenomenología del medio como un espacio educacional.“Espacio de artista” es un proyecto artístico-pedagógico que toma el estudio o taller en tanto que mediador de la experiencia artística dentro del XXII Salón del libro Infantil e Xuvenil de Pontevedra.

La obra de Antonio Machado muestra una conocida amplitud temática que se manifiesta, además de en su poética, en sus aportaciones a la filosofía. El presente artículo pretende acercarse a su figura desde la conjunción entre la poética y la filosofía en base a un concepto fundamental en su obra: la alteridad. Como consecuencia de la quiebra de la razón moderna, el solipsismo de corte cartesiano quedó en suspenso. Es en este momento en el que tanto en Europa como en la España de finales del siglo XIX surge una tendencia hacia la alteridad o reconocimiento del otro, tal y como veremos en la obra de Machado y en personajes esenciales de su producción como Juan de Mairena así como, también, en otros autores de la generación del 98.

Recent research has shown that cultural, linguistic, and sociodemographic peculiarities influence the measurement of trait emotional intelligence. Assessing trait EI in different populations fosters cross-cultural research and expands the construct’s nomological network. In mental health, the trait EI of clinical populations has been scarcely researched. Accordingly, the present study examined the relationship between trait EI and key sociodemographic variables on Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire datasets with mental healthcare patients from three different Spanish-speaking countries. Collectively, these datasets comprised 528 participants, 23% from Chile, 28% from Peru, and 49% from Spain. The sociodemographic variables we used for trait EI comparisons were gender, age, educational level, civil status, and occupational status. Analyses involved Multigroup Exploratory Structural Equation Modelling and analysis of covariance. Our results revealed significant between-country differences in trait EI across the studied sociodemographic variables and interactions between these variables. Measurement invariance across the datasets was attained up to the scalar level regarding gender and education, although analyses on age, civil status, and occupation displayed non-invariance. The resultant psychometric evidence supports the suitability of the TEIQue-SF for the accurate cross-cultural assessment of trait EI in mental health settings. It also highlights the importance of incorporating trait EI into extant psychotherapeutic frameworks to enhance non-pharmacological treatment efficacy.

BackgroundA child’s death is the most stressful event and the most complex grief that families face. The process of psychological adaptation to the illness and death of a child is difficult due to a variety of emotional reactions. Parental grief had received the attention of researchers only in recent years when it became clear that this reality differs substantially from the general grief process.ObjectiveThis work aims to highlight the needs of bereaved parents; increase the specificity and effectiveness of the therapeutic approach to prevent complications in the process of loss-making; and find the recurrent thematic nuclei in the development of bereavement present in a therapeutic group of parents who have lost their child to an onco-hematological disease.MethodBetween 2011 and 2016, five therapeutic groups for the grief elaboration were made. The sample included a total of 50 parents of children who died from cancer between the ages of 0 and 21 years.Content analysis was carried out as a qualitative analysis method. The SAS® Text Miner software was used to read, interpret, classify and integrate the data from numerous sources.ResultsThe development and consecutive interpretation of the 5 clusters have been carried out to analyze the related topics using the node “Topic Analysis” and requesting the subdivision into five topics. Four topics have been well defined. Clear topics are reducible to categories of emotional relief, tools, legacy, and unfinished business. The topic analysis provides interesting indications about the different interpretive journeys of the bereavement situation and offers ideas regarding the different types of social responses.ConclusionsAfter reviewing the existing bibliography, we have confirmed the lack of specific literature on the problem of grief in parents whose children have died from cancer. Much research has shown that parents who lose a child to cancer want support, and there are still few studies on the most effective interventions for this group.

The coronavirus disease pandemic fundamentally disrupted humans’ social life and behavior. Public health measures may have inadvertently impacted how people care for each other. This study investigated prosocial behavior, its association well-being, and predictors of prosocial behavior during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown and sought to understand whether region-specific differences exist. Participants from eight regions clustering multiple countries around the world responded to a cross-sectional online-survey investigating the psychological consequences of the first upsurge of lockdowns in spring 2020. Prosocial behavior was reported to occur frequently. Multiple regression analyses showed that prosocial behavior was associated with better well-being consistently across regions. With regard to predictors of prosocial behavior, high levels of perceived social support were most strongly associated with prosocial behavior, followed by high levels of perceived stress, positive affect and psychological flexibility. Sociodemographic and psychosocial predictors of prosocial behavior were similar across regions.

En este artículo nos proponemos dar cuenta del régimen temporal propio del capitalismo tardomoderno y sus consecuencias tanto sociológicas como ontológicas. Para ello, partiremos de las tesis de Hartmut Rosa acerca de la aceleración y la alienación. Posteriormente daremos paso a la indagación ontológica de la mano de Heidegger y la psicología existencial. De ese modo, mostraremos que los análisis sociológicos no pueden prescindir de un estudio ontológico de la cuestión. Por último, concluiremos con el rastreo de los modos temporales de la Grecia clásica aplicada al mundo actual mediante la ontología de Gilles Deleuze, quien, junto a Felix Guattari, tuvo la virtud de analizar el capitalismo como movimiento de axiomatización. Nuestra reflexión quedará atravesada por la necesidad de un diagnóstico de las patologías individuales y colectivas que conectan con los estudios sobre el totalitarismo

Intuition or rational trust? Resumen: Según la concepción tradicional, la justificación de las creencias lógicas básicas —entendida tanto inferencial como no-inferencialmente— no logra evitar ni la circularidad, ni la regresión al infinito. Justificar reglas básicas lógicas inferencialmente conlleva usar principios lógicos con lo que se genera un círculo vicioso. Apelar a fuentes básicas como la intuición, no sortea todas las dificultades. Argumentaré que es preciso recurrir a una “habilitación”, una sub-clase dentro de las garantías epistémicas. Si además aceptamos que intuir es algo que hacemos y no algo que nos pasa, podemos sostener que la intuición, de hecho, se apoya en una confianza racional. Palabras clave: justificación, conocimiento lógico, garantía racional, intuición, habilitación.: According to the traditional conception, the justification of basic logical beliefs —understood both inferentially and non-inferentially— cannot avoid either circularity or regression to infinity. To justify logical basic rules inferentially involves using logical principles, so a vicious circle is generated. Appealing to basic sources such as intuition, does not avoid such problems. I will argue that it is necessary to resort to an entitlement, a sub-class within the epistemic warrants. If we also accept that intuiting is something that we do and not something that happens to us, we can sustain that intuition, indeed, is based on a rational trust. Keywords: justification, logical knowledge, rational warrant, intuition, entitlement.

The possibility of the knowledge of God is a significant question in the philosophy of Nicolás of Cusa. This leads to a particular natural theology with its corresponding method of knowledge, in which the intellectual desire is a constituent element which is knowledge in itself.The desire is the natural way to tend towards the Absolute. Desiring means somehow knowing; above all, it means knowing what it is not known and for that same reason something which cannot stop being desired. Besides, the desire is possible because God is present in some way in the mind, which is what prompts the mind to desire. The desire is infinite because it cannot cease and because its object is also infinite.God appears in our cognitive activity more as an archetypal presence than as an external object of knowledge. This presence is the cause of the intellectual activity and the condition of the possibility of the knowledge of the external objects.

El siguiente informe pericial se basa en la experiencia de investigación de los firmantes en relación a las exhumaciones de fosas comunes de la Guerra Civil y la postguerra, y al conocido como “movimiento para la recuperación de la memoria histórica” que están teniendo lugar en España desde el año 2000, que ha enfatizado sus demandas sobre la suerte de los desaparecidos y ha puesto en marcha un ciclo de exhumaciones de fosas comunes derivadas de la Guerra Civil y la dictadura. En este peritaje se usan las exhumaciones del siglo XXI como indicadores de la persistencia en el tiempo de las políticas y culturas del miedo instaladas en la sociedad española durante la Guerra Civil y la dictadura, más allá de las profundas transformaciones políticas e institucionales acaecidas en el país tras la muerte de Francisco Franco. Fue presentado como parte de la documentación de la demanda de Fausto Canales contra España el 15 de septiembre de 2012 en el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos.

BackgroundScientific literature on posttraumatic growth after terrorist attacks has primarily focused on persons who had not been directly exposed to terrorist attacks or persons who had been directly exposed to them, but who were assessed few months or years after the attacks.MethodsWe examined long-term PTG in 210 adults directly exposed to terrorist attacks in Spain a mean of 29.6 years after the attacks. The participants had been injured by a terrorist attack or were first-degree relatives of people who had been killed or injured by a terrorist attack. They completed diagnostic measures of emotional disorders and measures of PTSD and depression symptomatology, optimism, and PTG.ResultsMultiple regression analyses revealed gender differences and a positive linear relationship between PTG and cumulative trauma after the terrorist attack. Some PTG dimensions were significantly associated with PTSD symptomatology, these associations being linear, not curvilinear. However, PTG was not associated with depression symptomatology, diagnosis of emotional disorders, age, elapsed time since the attack, or optimism. In comparison with survivors assessed 18 years after the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing, Spanish victims of terrorism showed higher levels of appreciation of life, but lower levels of relating to others and spiritual change.ConclusionThe findings underscore the influence of gender on PTG and provide support to the hypothesis that some emotional distress may be a necessary condition of PTG. Future studies on PTG after terrorist attacks should take into consideration the characteristics of the terrorist attack itself and the contexts of violence and threat in which it occurred. The political, social, and cultural characteristics of the community affected by it and the profile and characteristics of other traumatic events suffered after the attack should also be taken into account in further research.

La Compañía de Jesús ha intentado en los últimos años establecer algunas directrices para ayudar a sus instituciones educativas a enfocar sus acciones por y para la misión. El “Paradigma Ledesma-Kolvenbach” se considera una buena base para hacerlo. Presenta cuatro dimensiones interdependientes (utilidad, justicia, humanismo y fe), que reflejan una visión integral y holística de la finalidad de una universidad. Sin embargo, es necesario hacer operativas estas dimensiones. Esta investigación desarrolla un modelo que ayuda a las universidades jesuitas a evaluar su nivel de despliegue de las dimensiones en el ámbito de la docencia.