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    Inhibiting doping in sports: deterrence is necessary, but not sufficient
    with Larry D. Bowers
    Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 11 (1): 132-151. 2017.
    The use of performance-enhancing drugs is a significant problem in sport. It cheats clean athletes of their hard-earned rewards from perfecting their skills though dedication and hard work. It defrauds fans by substituting a distorted playing field for a true competition. Anti-doping agencies have been charged with enforcing drug policies, primarily through the use of drug testing programs. We propose that drug testing, while important, is not sufficient to achieve deterrence. Engaging the princ…Read more