• Galen's Necessary Causes in Medieval Arabic Sources
    Dissertation, State University of New York at Binghamton. 2002.
    This dissertation analyzes the six necessary causes from Galen's Ars parva in the work of three important Arabic physicians, namely Hunayn ibn Ishaq, al-Majusi and Ibn Sina. These causes, which play a minimal role in Galen's work, were expanded and elaborated upon in late Alexandrian and in Arabic medicine. Later the causes became the basis of European medicine's "six things non-natural," a concept that was an essential component of medicine in Europe for nearly eight hundred years. Fundamental …Read more