Tyler Gibb

Western Michigan University School Of Medicine
  •  1313
    The Conditions For Ethical Application of Restraints
    with Parker Crutchfield, Michael Redinger, Dan Ferman, and John Livingstone
    Chest 155 (3): 617-625. 2018.
    Despite the lack of evidence for their effectiveness, the use of physical restraints for patients is widespread. The best ethical justification for restraining patients is that it prevents them from harming themselves. We argue that even if the empirical evidence supported their effectiveness in achieving this aim, their use would nevertheless be unethical, so long as well known exceptions to informed consent fail to apply. Specifically, we argue that ethically justifiable restraint use demands …Read more
  •  839
    Should DBS for Psychiatric Disorders be Considered a Form of Psychosurgery? Ethical and Legal Considerations
    with Devan Stahl and Laura Cabrera
    Science and Engineering Ethics 24 (4): 1119-1142. 2018.
    Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a surgical procedure involving the implantation of electrodes in the brain, has rekindled the medical community’s interest in psychosurgery. Whereas many researchers argue DBS is substantially different from psychosurgery, we argue psychiatric DBS—though a much more precise and refined treatment than its predecessors—is nevertheless a form of psychosurgery, which raises both old and new ethical and legal concerns that have not been given proper attention. Learning f…Read more
  •  381
    Ethical Allocation of Remdesivir
    with Parker Crutchfield, Michael J. Redinger, and William Fales
    American Journal of Bioethics 20 (7): 84-86. 2020.
    As the federal government distributed remdesivir to some of the states COVID-19 hit hardest, policymakers scrambled to develop criteria to allocate the drug to their hospitals. Our state, Michigan, was among those states to receive an initial quantity of the drug from the U.S. government. The disparities in burden of disease in Michigan are striking. Detroit has a death rate more than three times the state average. Our recommendation to the state was that it should prioritize the communities tha…Read more
  •  213
    Applying the Narrative Coherence Standard in non-Medical Assessments of Capacity
    with Madison Irene Hybels and Khadijah Hussain
    American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 11 (1): 31-33. 2020.
  •  167
    Default Positions in Clinical Ethics
    with Parker Crutchfield and Michael Redinger
    Journal of Clinical Ethics 34 (3): 258-269. 2023.
    Default positions, predetermined starting points that aid in complex decision-making, are common in clinical medicine. In this article, we identify and critically examine common default positions in clinical ethics practice. Whether default positions ought to be held is an important normative question, but here we are primarily interested in the descriptive, rather than normative, properties of default positions. We argue that default positions in clinical ethics function to protect and promote …Read more
  •  53
    Environmental Factors Contributing to Wrongdoing in Medicine: A Criterion-Based Review of Studies and Cases
    with James M. DuBois, Emily E. Anderson, Kelly Carroll, Elena Kraus, Timothy Rubbelke, and Meghan Vasher
    Ethics and Behavior 22 (3). 2012.
    In this article we describe our approach to understanding wrongdoing in medical research and practice, which involves the statistical analysis of coded data from a large set of published cases. We focus on understanding the environmental factors that predict the kind and the severity of wrongdoing in medicine. Through review of empirical and theoretical literature, consultation with experts, the application of criminological theory, and ongoing analysis of our first 60 cases, we hypothesize that…Read more
  •  28
    Conversion Disorder Diagnosis and Medically Unexplained Symptoms
    with Michael James Redinger, Parker Crutchfield, Peter Longstreet, and Robert Strung
    American Journal of Bioethics 18 (5): 31-33. 2018.
  •  19
    The field of clinical bioethics strongly advocates for the use of advance directives to promote patient autonomy, particularly at the end of life. This paper reports a study of clinical bioethicists’ perceptions of the professional consensus about advance directives, as well as their personal advance care planning practices. We find that clinical bioethicists are often sceptical about the value of advance directives, and their personal choices about advance directives often deviate from what cli…Read more
  •  17
    Placebos and a New Exception to Informed Consent
    with Parker Crutchfield and Michael Redinger
    American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 9 (3): 200-202. 2018.
  •  14
    The Cautionary Tale of the Initial Widespread Foray Into Psychiatric Genetics
    with Michael James Redinger and Perry Westerman
    American Journal of Bioethics 17 (4): 22-24. 2017.
  •  13
    “I Know a Guy Who Once Heard…”: Contemporary Legends and Narratives in Healthcare
    with John Minser
    Journal of Medical Humanities 41 (3): 323-340. 2020.
    Contemporary legends – also called urban legends – are common throughout our society. Distinct from mere rumors passed around social media, anecdotes of pseudoscientific discoveries, or medical misinformation, contemporary legends are important because, rather than merely transmitting false ideas or information about medicine, they model distinct and primarily antagonistic patterns of interaction between patients and providers via their narrative components. And, while legends that patients tell…Read more
  •  9
    Commentary: Clarifying Medical Decisionmaking—Who, How, and Why?
    with Michael J. Redinger
    Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 25 (3): 556-560. 2016.
    In its simplest interpretation, this is a case about goals of care and appropriate code status. At the outset, we must confess that we found this case to be extremely interesting—not for the novelty of the issues or its ethical complexity but because it is truly a case of the ordinary. Too often when teaching or discussing clinical ethics cases, we are distracted by the exotic and the unusual and ignore the mundane cases that every practicing clinical ethicist must be able to competently manage.…Read more
  •  6
    Counter-Transference and the Clinical Ethics Encounter: What, Why, and How We Feel During Consultations
    with Michael J. Redinger
    Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 29 (2): 317-326. 2020.
    One of the more draining aspects of being a clinical ethicist is dealing with the emotions of patients, family members, as well as healthcare providers. Generally, by the time a clinical ethicist is called into a case, stress levels are running high, patience is low, and interpersonal communication is strained. Management of this emotional burden of clinical ethics is an underexamined aspect of the profession and academic literature. The emotional nature of doing clinical ethics consultation may…Read more
  •  3
    The Problem of Suffering in Psychiatric Nosology
    with Michael J. Redinger
    American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 7 (3): 175-176. 2016.
  •  3
    Ethical Restraint Use With Incapable Absconding Patients: Goals, Proportionality, and Surrogates
    with Kathryn E. Redinger and Hayley Barker
    American Journal of Bioethics 22 (7): 95-97. 2022.
    Clinical ethicists are often presented with the question: Is this plan or action ethical? The simple answer, which is as predictable as it is glib, is always: “it depends.” Recognizing and analyzin...
  • Caring for the transgender adolescent: It takes a village
    Journal of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics 5 (40): 397-399. 2019.
  • Maintaining Quality of Care for Very Influential Patients
    with G. Arora and B. Bursch
    The Clinical Teacher 2 (15): 175-177. 2018.
  • Understanding Research Misconduct: A Comparative Analysis of 120 Cases of Professional Wrongdoing
    with James Dubois, Emily E. Anderson, John Chibnall, Kelly Carroll, Chiji Ogbuka, and Timothy Rubbelke
    Accountability in Research: Policies and Quality Assurance 5 (20): 320-338. 2013.