R Paul

In the paper two forms of human dealing with the notion of the sacred are compared — manifestation and proclamation. Author suggests that proclamation is a characteristic for modern monotheistic religions based on the Old Testament theology. In particular, a vivid example of proclamation is a teaching of Jesus Christ, as presented in synoptic Gospels. In Ricouer’s view, a decline of the sacred in modern Western civilization is connected with an unjustified absolutization of the scientific and technical achievements and must be overcome in the course of the further social development

V svojem predavanju imam »humanistiko« za skupek disciplin, katerega jedro tvorijo duhoslovne znanosti – Geisteswissenschaften. Zgodovino oziroma zgodovinopisje pa imam za paradigmatični primer humanistične znanosti, ki se razprostira med dvema poloma znanosti in umetnosti. Na enem koncu imamo postopke, povezane z ravnanjem z arhivi, na drugem pa vrsto besednih izrazov, zaradi katerih je zgodovina del literature. Vmes je dihotomija med razlago in razumevanjem, namreč obseg sredstev, s katerimi zgodovinarji skušajo odgovoriti na vprašanja kot: »Zakaj se je zgodil ta dogodek, zakaj so ti ljudje naredili to in to?« Ta razlagalna sredstva s stavkom zato – lingvistično značilnostjo vseh odgovorov na vprašanje zakaj? - ravnajo na različne načine; vemo pa, kako raznolika je lahko raba stavka zato. Spoj razlage in razumevanja med poloma dokumentaristike in literature, je dober primer zmesi znanosti in umetnosti v celotnem zgodovinskem procesu.My lecture takes “Humanities” to be the collection of disciplines, the core of which is the human sciences – Geisteswissenschaften. History or historiography on the other hand provides a paradigmatic example of human sciences, which expands between two poles of science and art. On the one side, there are procedures related to archive management, and on the other a number of lexical expressions which make history part of literature. In between there is a dichotomy between interpretation and understanding, i.e. a scope of means with which historians attempt to answer the questions such as: “Why has this event taken place, why have these people done this and that? In the because sentence, these interpretative means– linguistic feature of all answers to the question why? – behave in various ways; it is well-known, however, how numerous and various the usage of the sentence because can be. The combination of interpretation and understanding between the poles of documentaries and literature provides an excellent example of the mixture of science and art in the historical process as a whole.

Un uso critico della memoria porta a rimettere in questione il pregiudizio che soltanto il futuro sia aperto e il passato invece determinato e chiuso. Il senso di ciò che è accaduto non è fissato una volta per tutte. Il perdono si situa nel punto di convergenza tra lavoro della memoria e lavoro del lutto. Esso è il contrario di un oblio di fuga. Si può perdonare solo ciò che non è stato dimenticato, quello che deve essere spezzato è il debito non il ricordo. D’altra parte accompagna l’oblio attivo, comparabile al lavoro del lutto, ed è in questo senso che esso guarisce, dischiudendo la possibilità di proiettarsi nell’avvenire in maniera creativa.A critical use of memory leads to dispute the prejudice according to which only the future is open whereas the past is closed and determinate. The meaning of what has occurred is not definitely fixed. The forgiveness can be placed in the point of convergence between the work of memory and the work of mourning. It can be seen as the opposite of an escape oblivion. What can be forgiven is just what it hasn’t been forgotten. The debt and not the remembrance must be broken. On the other hand, the forgiveness goes together with an active oblivion, and in this way it has the power to cure, opening the possibility to project oneself into the future in a creative way