Miguel González

En el presente artículo se aborda el problema de la verdad moral en Nietzsche en relación con su postura moral y religiosa. Principalmente, y siguiendo el desarrollo planteado en _Más allá del bien y el mal_, se aborda el problema de sus afirmaciones categóricas acerca de la moral y la religión –entre ellas, la distinción entre la moral de los señores y la moral de los esclavos– y también de su tesis perspectivista, a saber, que la verdad es una interpretación del mundo desde la óptica de nuestras creencias. La pregunta central del trabajo es si Nietzsche incurre, por esta razón, en una contradicción performativa.

Mobile robots are becoming increasingly common in spaces shared with humans, raising concerns about safety and security. However, the lack of capabilities to justify the actions behind a particular behavior to non-expert users poses a significant challenge in building trustworthy interactions. Explaining why a robot performs an unexpected action is crucial to understanding the cause of a failure. Furthermore, these explanations need to be clear and accessible to non-technical users. This work depicts a Proof of Concept of an accountability and explainability engine for Robot Operating System (ROS)-based mobile robots. Our solution comprises two components. The first consists of a black box-like module to provide accountability, capturing the actions performed by the robot while guaranteeing faithful replay, data privacy, and authenticity. The second component generates natural language explanations by using data within the black box. The explainability component is based on the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs), enabling the system to analyse textual logs with the added context of visual input. Initial results show that it is possible to obtain understandable, accurate, and precise explanations by using accountable data as context. This fact enhances the deployment of responsible, transparent, interpretable, and trustworthy agents, easing interaction between humans and robots.

After the debate on the positive and negative impacts of artificial intelligence, we delve into the question of how this technology should be implemented in the activity of organizations to identify business opportunities and improve their value and competitiveness. In this sense, we analyze the alliance between OpenAI and the strategic consulting firm Bain & Company, as a win-win agreement that combines the intelligent software of the former with the experience, skills, and knowledge of the human teams of the latter. We also study the first case resulting from this agreement and led by The Coca-Cola Company through the Create Real Magic project. This coalition demonstrates that, beyond the initial excitement surrounding free access to ChatGPT and other AI tools, the next step to ensure their progress is determined by the real possibilities of their application in the different existing sectors of activity.

El espectáculo cinematográfico Cinerama es un referente en la tecnología de la gran pantalla. Gracias a Fred Waller y Hazard Reeves, Cinerama elevó su popularidad. Este hecho derivó en la creación de pabellones móviles itinerantes. Cinesa inició en España el desarrollo del Cinerama móvil, ante la falta de salas cinematográficas. Recurrieron, en 1966, a Emilio Pérez Piñero para la realización de un pabellón móvil que imitara Cinerama Dome, obra de Welton Becket, que siguió la patente de la cúpula geodésica de Richard Buckminster Fuller. Sin embargo, Piñero diseñó una patente propia conocida como cúpula reticular de directriz esférica.

We report a scanning tunnelling microscopy investigation of the emission of dislocations around nanoindentations in the form of dislocation arrangements previously called hillocks, consisting of two pairs of Shockley partial dislocations, each encompassing a stacking fault. The spatial arrangement and size distribution of hillocks around the nanoindentation traces are studied. We show that standard dislocation theory for an isotropic continuum can be used to describe the stability of the hillocks, their size and spatial distribution and the broadening of the corresponding extended dislocations near the surface. A model is proposed in which hillocks originate from the split into dislocations partials of primary perfect dislocation loops punched into the crystal by the scanning tunnelling microscope tip. This model implies the operation of a novel dislocation mechanism involving long-range transport of matter across the surface.

This paper explores the fundamental theses of the capabilities approach and differentiates it from notions of development that are more focused on the generation of wealth and growth. The paper emphasizes the importance of action in the development of life projects and describes the importance of emancipation in exercising freedoms. It then describes the education challenges from the perspective of the capabilities approach. It situates the importance of this approach in the Latin American context, where freedom is closely linked to the pursuit of social justice. Finally, it describes the different areas of application of the capabilities approach in education and points out the limitations of formal education in the contemporary world.

Esta contribución analiza el intento realizado por el filósofo pragmatista norteamericano John Dewey para superar la dicotomía establecida por la pedagogía tradicional entre el alumno y el programa escolar. Como resultado de ello, Dewey abordará el problema desde tres claves teóricas: enfoque del programa a partir de los intereses potenciales del alumno, funcionalismo psicológico e integralidad de la educación. Las tres se encuentran relacionadas con los descubrimientos y puntos de vista de la psicología y la filosofía de su época. El artículo propone la filiación de las actuales tesis de otro gran renovador de la pedagogía, Matthew Lipman, con su "Filosofía para niños", en las viejas y renovadas ideas de la "nueva pedagogía" deweyana