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32Non-Consequentialist UtilitarianismEthics and Economics 11 (2). 2014.Full Text / Article complet.
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29Can Rationing through Inconvenience Be Ethical?Hastings Center Report 48 (1): 10-22. 2018.In this article, we provide a comprehensive analysis and a normative assessment of rationing through inconvenience as a form of rationing. By “rationing through inconvenience” in the health sphere, we refer to a nonfinancial burden that is either intended to cause or has the effect of causing patients or clinicians to choose an option for health-related consumption that is preferred by the health system for its fairness, efficiency, or other distributive desiderata beyond assisting the immediate…Read more
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27Inequalities in Health: Concepts, Measures, and Ethics (edited book)Oxford University Press. 2013.Which inequalities in longevity and health among individuals, groups, and nations are unfair? And what priority should health policy attach to narrowing them? These essays by philosophers, economists, epidemiologists, and physicians attempt to determine how health inequalities should be conceptualized, measured, ranked, and evaluated.
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27What can the lived experience of participating in risky HIV cure-related studies establish?Journal of Medical Ethics. 2018.This response to Gail Henderson et al argues that they were right that interviewees’ appraisals of cure study participation should inform protocol review decisions, but wrong to take these appraisals at face value.
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25Is There an Ethical Upper Limit on Risks to Study Participants?Public Health Ethics 13 (2): 143-156. 2020.Are some risks to study participants too much, no matter how valuable the study is for society? This article answers in the negative.
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25Afterword: returning to philosophical foundations in research ethicsJournal of Medical Ethics 43 (2): 132-133. 2017.
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24Input and output in distributive theoryNoûs 57 (1): 3-25. 2023.Distributive theories evaluate distributions of goods based on candidate recipients’ characteristics, e.g. how well off candidates are, how deserving they are, and whether they fare below sufficiency. But such characteristics vary across possible worlds, so distributive theories may differ in terms of the world which for them settles candidates’ characteristics. This paper examines how distributive theories differ in terms of whether candidate recipients’ relevant characteristics are grounded in…Read more
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23Ethical and legal race‐responsive vaccine allocationBioethics 37 (8): 814-821. 2023.In many countries, the COVID‐19 pandemic varied starkly between different racial and ethnic groups. Before vaccines were approved, some considered assigning priority access to worse‐hit racial groups. That debate can inform rationing in future pandemics and in some of the many areas outside COVID‐19 that admit of racial health disparities. However, concerns were raised that “race‐responsive” prioritizations would be ruled unlawful for allegedly constituting wrongful discrimination. This legal ar…Read more
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21The benefit/risk ratio challenge in clinical research, and the case of HIV cure: an introductionJournal of Medical Ethics 43 (2): 65-66. 2017.
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20Vaccine testing for emerging infections: the case for individual randomisationJournal of Medical Ethics 43 (9): 625-631. 2017.
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19Two Kinds of To-Kind Benefits and Other Reasons Why Shared Vulnerability Can Keep Clinical Studies EthicalAmerican Journal of Bioethics 14 (12): 22-24. 2014.
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19Paired Publication: A Way to Lower One Barrier between Philosophical Insight and BioethicsAmerican Journal of Bioethics 22 (12): 33-35. 2022.Blumenthal-Barby et al. (2022) are right. Philosophers should pay greater attention to bioethics and bioethicists should pay greater attention to insights from philosophy. This commentary extends t...
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19Paying for antiretroviral adherence: is it unethical when the patient is an adolescent?Journal of Medical Ethics 43 (3): 145-149. 2017.
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17Grounding Public Reasons in Rationality: The Conditionally-Compassionate Medical Student and Other ChallengesLaw and Ethics of Human Rights 6 (1): 47-68. 2012.Gillian Hadfield and Stephen Macedo argue that late-Rawlsian stability for the right reasons, that is, stability based on participants’ reciprocal cooperation, can arise even if participants start out only economically rational and indifferent to justice. As they explain, even purely rational actors have an interest in having a neutral “shared logic” to coordinate decentralized enforcement of social cooperation and in internalizing that logic. Once developed and internalized, they add, that logi…Read more
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17COVID-19 controlled human infection studies: worries about local community impact and demands for local engagementJournal of Medical Ethics 47 (8): 539-542. 2021.In spring, summer and autumn 2020, one abiding argument against controlled human infection studies of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has been their impact on local communities. Leading scientists and bioethicists expressed concern about undue usage of local residents’ direly needed scarce resources at a time of great need and even about their unintended infection. They recommended either avoiding CHI trials or engaging local communities before conducting any CHIs. Similar recommendations were not made for …Read more
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14Future pandemics and the urge to ‘do something’Journal of Medical Ethics. forthcoming.Research with enhanced potential pandemic pathogens (ePPP) makes pathogens substantially more lethal, communicable, immunosuppressive or otherwise capable of triggering a pandemic. We briefly relay an existing argument that the benefits of ePPP research do not outweigh its risks and then consider why proponents of these arguments continue to confidently endorse them. We argue that these endorsements may well be the product of common cognitive biases—in which case they would provide no challenge …Read more
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14Do coronavirus vaccine challenge trials have a distinctive generalisability problem?Journal of Medical Ethics 48 (9): 586-589. 2022.Notwithstanding the success of conventional field trials for vaccines against COVID-19, human challenge trials that could obtain more information about these and about other vaccines and further strategies against it are about to start in the UK. One critique of COVID-19 HCTs is their distinct paucity of information on crucial population groups. For safety reasons, these HCTs will exclude candidate participants of advanced age or with comorbidities that worsen COVID-19, yet a vaccine should prot…Read more
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14Symposium on risks to bystanders in clinical research: An introductionBioethics 34 (9): 879-882. 2020.
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14Study bystanders and ethical treatment of study participants—A proof of conceptBioethics 34 (9): 941-947. 2020.The ethics of research on human subjects is often construed as a fine balance between the interests of patients in need of novel health interventions, and those of study participants who should remain safe in the process. But there is a third group in the mix. Some people belong to neither category, yet research can affect or jeopardize them. Call such people “bystanders.” This article shows that thinking about bystander protection can question whether there is an upper limit on the risks that s…Read more
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12When offering a patient beneficial treatment undermines public healthBioethics 37 (9): 846-853. 2023.Sometimes, offering someone beneficial care is likely to thwart the similar or more serious medical needs of more people. For example, when acute shortage is strongly predicted to persist, providing the long period on scarce intensive care that a certain COVID‐19 patient needs is sometimes projected to block several future COVID‐19 patients from receiving the shorter periods on intensive care that they will need. Expected utility is typically higher if the former is denied intensive care. A temp…Read more
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10Grounding Public Reasons in Rationality: The Conditionally-Compassionate Medical Student and Other ChallengesThe Law and Ethics of Human Rights 6 (1). 2012.
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8All research that might result in a pandemic must undergo external reviewBioethics 37 (3): 223-225. 2023.
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4Pediatric Heart Surgery in Ghana: Three Ethical QuestionsJournal of Clinical Ethics 25 (4): 317-322. 2014.When a group of doctors and nurses from Boston, Massachusetts, provided evaluation and heart surgery to children in Ghana, they encountered three rationing dilemmas: (1) What portion of surgery slots should they reserve for the simplest, most cost-effective surgeries? (2) How much time should be reserved for especially simple, nonsurgical interventions? (3) How much time should be reserved to training local staff to perform such surgeries? This article investigates these three dilemmas.
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3Identified versus Statistical Victims. An Interdisciplinary Perspective. (edited book)Oxford University Press. 2015.
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1What is it like to be a bird? : Wikler and Brock on the ethics of population healthIn Ronald Michael Green, Aine Donovan & Steven A. Jauss (eds.), Global bioethics: issues of conscience for the twenty-first century, Oxford University Press. 2008.
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Poverty : poverty-reduction, incentives, and the brighter side of false needsIn Jesper Ryberg, Thomas S. Petersen & Clark Wolf (eds.), New Waves in Applied Ethics, Palgrave-macmillan. 2007.
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Harvard UniversityRegular Faculty
Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
Areas of Interest
Normative Ethics |
Social and Political Philosophy |
17th/18th Century Philosophy |