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14Der Begriff der Notwendigkeit in der Antike und in der GegenwartKriterion - Journal of Philosophy 16 (1): 19-38. 2002.This paper has two parts. The first part (sections 1 to 5) is historical, presenting a brief history of the concept of necessity from the time of antiquity to the present. It is shown that the conceptions of necessity in antiquity had four main sources: matter-necessity, form-necessity, efficiencynecessity, and purpose-necessity. Special attention is accorded to the syncretistic concept of the necessity of fate, and its transformations from the beginning of antiquity to its end. Moreover, it is …Read more
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3Ontologically Minimal Semantics for Intuitionistic LogicIn Julian Nida-Rümelin & Georg Meggle (eds.), Analyomen 2, Volume I: Logic, Epistemology, Philosophy of Science, De Gruyter. pp. 124-130. 1997.
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104Causation in a new old keyStudia Logica 76 (3). 2004.I argue (1) that it is not philosophically significant whether causation is linguistically represented by a predicate or by a sentence connective; (2) that there is no philosophically significant distinction between event- and states-of-affairs-causation; (3) that there is indeed a philosophically significant distinction between agent- and event-causation, and that event-causation must be regarded as an analog of agent-causation. Developing this point, I argue that event-causation's being in the…Read more
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Metaphysics in the Post-Metaphysical Age: Papers of the 22nd International Wittgenstein Symposium (edited book)Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society. 1999.
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15Truth against Reason, and Reason against TruthIn Harald A. Wiltsche & Sonja Rinofner-Kreidl (eds.), Analytic and Continental Philosophy: Methods and Perspectives. Proceedings of the 37th International Wittgenstein Symposium, De Gruyter. pp. 173-184. 2016.
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7Appendix to Chapter I: The German originals Appendix to Chapter I: The German originals of the quotations from Husserl and Wittgenstein in Chapter I, and remarks on matters of translationIn Defending Husserl: A Plea in the Case of Wittgenstein & Company Versus Phenomenology, De Gruyter. pp. 90-102. 2014.
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45A Cosmo-Ontological Argument for the Existence of a First Cause–perhaps GodIn Miroslaw Szatkowski (ed.), Ontological Proofs Today, Ontos Verlag. pp. 50--193. 2012.
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390First Causes: Divine and HumanEuropean Journal for Philosophy of Religion 5 (1): 125--140. 2013.The paper analyzes the concept of a first cause, both for event causation and for agent causation. It turns out that one is rather ready to believe in the existence of first causes that are events, but not in the existence of first causes that are agents. The paper, however, develops and defends a complex argument to the conclusion that there is a first agent-cause. one version of that argument proves -- not necessarily the existence of God -- but still the existence of a godlike agent. Finally,…Read more
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Die Zentralität der analytischen Methode für die Philosophie, insbesondere die der AntikeHistory of Philosophy & Logical Analysis 2. 1999.In addition to delineating a creative and non-deterministic notion of conceptual analysis, the paper defends two theses, one conceptual, the other historical: Although philosophical activity can certainly not be conceptually reduced to conceptual analysis, conceptual analysis is nevertheless central to it and encompasses what can be most properly called "philosophical" about it. The history of philosophy, particularly of ancient philosophy, confirms a posteriori the adequacy of thesis
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24The Theory of Ontic ModalitiesOntos Verlag. 2006.This book presents a comprehensive, non-model-theoretic theory of ontic necessity and possibility within a formal (and formalised) ontology consisting of states of affairs, properties, and individuals.
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1Chapter IV: On the LiteratureIn Defending Husserl: A Plea in the Case of Wittgenstein & Company Versus Phenomenology, De Gruyter. pp. 361-482. 2014.
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1Naturale Psyche: Husserl über die Seele als NaturobjektIn Verena Mayer, Christopher Erhard & Marisa Scherini (eds.), Die Aktualität Husserls, Karl Alber. 2011.
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160Three indications for the existence of God in causal metaphysicsInternational Journal for Philosophy of Religion 66 (1). 2009.With the emergence of modern physics a conflict became apparent between the Principle of Sufficient Cause and the Principle of Physical Causal Closure. Though these principles are not logically incompatible, they could no longer be considered to be both true; one of them had to be false. The present paper makes use of this seldom noticed conflict to argue on the basis of considerations of comparative rationality for the truth of causal statements that have at least some degree of philosophico-th…Read more
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8BibliographyIn Defending Husserl: A Plea in the Case of Wittgenstein & Company Versus Phenomenology, De Gruyter. pp. 493-499. 2014.
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13Rezension von Erwin Tegtmeier: Grundzüge einer kategorialen OntologieDeutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 41 (2): 416-419. 1993.
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Aquinas on Forms, Individuation, and MatterFreiburger Zeitschrift für Philosophie Und Theologie 43 (1/2): 45-64. 1996.
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Husserls DualismusE-Journal Philosophie der Psychologie 9. 2007.The paper expounds the sense in which Husserl was not a psychophysical dualist – but also the sense in which he was a psychophysical dualist after all. On the one hand, it takes into account Husserl’s critical statements regarding “dualism,” on the other hand it closely considers Husserl’s understanding of the intentionality of phenomenal experiences. It is shown that Husserl’s writings contain several argumentations that can be interpreted as arguments for psychophysical dualism . It is argued …Read more
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10Parmenides und die Logik der ExistenzGrazer Philosophische Studien 47 (1): 59-75. 1994.Es wird gezeigt, daß sich Parmenides' Argument gegen Veränderung und Vielheit aus den Fragmenten seines Lehrgedichts so rekonstruieren läßt, daß es entweder formal korrekt wird, oder aber seine Prämisse,,Seiendes ist, Nichtseiendes ist nicht" evidentermaßen richtig ist. Beides zugleich ist nicht zu haben. Es wird plausibel gemacht, daß die Rekonstruktionen in Parmenides' Sinn sind. Betrachtet man sein Argument als formal korrekt, so stellt es, wenn wir das Zeugnis der Erfahrung akzeptieren, eine…Read more
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74An alternative semantics for modal predicate-logicErkenntnis 37 (3). 1992.The semantical framework is fundamentally intensional: neither possible worlds nor sets as basic entities, but rather, besides individuals, propositions, properties and relations (in intension). Logical truth is defined in terms of logical form (without mentioning this notion) without employing sets of models and the concept of truth in a model. Truth itself is explicitly defined (without recursion); the truth-conditions for the logical constants of the object-language become theorems derivable …Read more
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31Eine logische Rekonstruktion der platonischen PrädikationstheorieGrazer Philosophische Studien 43 (1): 163-175. 1992.In diesem Aufsatz wird eine axiomatisierte logische Rekonstmktion der Platonischen Prädikationstheorie vorgeschlagen, aufbauend auf der Ähnlichkeitsrelation. Die Theorie ist konsistent und trivial. Selbst-Prädikation bereitet darin keine Schwierigkeiten und das Dritte-Mann-Argument wird als harmlos aufgezeigt. Es werden Kriterien dafür, daß etwas ein Standardgegenstand (eine Form oder Idee) ist, aufgestellt und ausgeführt, daß diese die Platonische Ideentheorie implizieren. Die Grenzen von Piato…Read more
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31Ontologically Minimal Logical SemanticsNotre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 36 (2): 279-298. 1995.Ontologically minimal truth law semantics are provided for various branches of formal logic (classical propositional logic, S5 modal propositional logic, intuitionistic propositional logic, classical elementary predicate logic, free logic, and elementary arithmetic). For all of them logical validity/truth is defined in an ontologically minimal way, that is, not via truth value assignments or interpretations. Semantical soundness and completeness are proved (in an ontologically minimal way) for a…Read more
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41The phenomenological approach to the philosophy of mind, as worked out by Husserl, has been severely criticized by philosophers within the Wittgensteinian tradition and, implicitly, by Wittgenstein himself. This book examines this criticism in detail, looking at the writings of Wittgenstein, Ryle, Hacker, Dennett, and others. In defending Husserl against his critics, it offers a comprehensive fresh view of phenomenology as a philosophy of mind.
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52On negative and disjunctive propertiesIn Kevin Mulligan (ed.), Language, Truth and Ontology, Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 28--36. 1991.
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1. the reductioIn Alessandro Antonietti, Antonella Corradini & Jonathan E. Lowe (eds.), Psycho-Physical Dualism Today: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Lexington Books. pp. 143. 2008.