Michael Pakaluk

There are various features of the language and exposition of the Eudemian Ethics that allow us to impute what might be called an ‘egalitarian’ outlook to its author. Each of these features, on its own, might be dismissed as of little significance, or as significant yet anomalous; but taken together, they constitute a body of evidence that cannot easily be put aside. The term ‘egalitarianism’ is of course imprecise, yet it serves its function well enough. I shall take it to signify a certain cast of mind which consists of at least the following cluster of dispositions: being unwilling to view society as divided into ranks or classes or even to use language suggestive of such a division; but rather having a tendency to see the similarity of everyone with everyone else, by finding some good even among those reputed to be bad, and some bad among those reputed good; furthermore wishing to identify with the general run of humanity, or at least not being averse to doing so; and insisting on the fundamental equality and likeness of human beings, so that their inequalities and differences are regarded as secondary