Yvon Gauthier

SummaryFinite, or Fermat arithmetic, as we call it, differs from Peano arithmetic in that it does not involve the existence of an infinite set or Peano's induction postulate. Fermat's method of infinite descent takes the place of bound induction, and we show that a con‐structivist interpretation of logical connectives and quantifiers can account for the predicative finitary nature of Fermat's arithmetic. A non‐set‐theoretic arithemetical logic thus seems best suited to a constructivist‐inspired number theory

Dans cette note, nous étudions la structure logique de la notion d'égalité. Après avoir présenté divers concepts connexes à la notion d'égalité, nous suggérons que les notions de propriétés homotopiques et de propriétés hétérotopiques constituent le support logique et sémantique d'une théorie de l'égalité qui aille au-delà de la pure analyse syntaxique des concepts.In this note, we examine the logical structure of the notion of equality. After having introduced the various concepts which are traditionally linked with the notion of equality, extensional and intensional equality, we suggest that the notion of homotopic versus heterotopic properties constitute the logico-semantical basis for a theory of equality beyond the mere syntactical analysis of the relevant concepts

Cet article propose une nouvelle approche dans l'analyse et l'interprétation des théories physiques. La théorie des modèles ou sémantique ensembliste est rejetée au profit d'une syntaxe ou théorie des démonstrations qui s'attache d'abord à la structure formelle d'une théorie physique. On donne plusieurs exemples d'une théorie de la preuve , exemples qui relèvent surtout de la mécanique quantique et qui vont dans le sens de la thèse principale de l'auteur : la surdétermination de la théorie physique par sa structure mathématique.This paper deals with a novel approach in the interpretation of physical theories. Model theory or set-theoretical semantics is here replaced by a proof-theoretical analysis which is applied to the formal structure of a physical theory. Many examples are given, mainly in Quantum Mechanics, which aim at illustrating the main thesis of the paper: that a physical theory is over-determined by its mathematical structure and cannot be defined by the class of its empirical structures

Hermann Weyl as a founding father of field theory in relativistic physics and quantum theory always stressed the internal logic of mathematical and physical theories. In line with his stance in the foundations of mathematics, Weyl advocated a constructivist approach in physics and geometry. An attempt is made here to present a unified picture of Weyl's conception of space-time theories from Riemann to Minkowski. The emphasis is on the mathematical foundations of physics and the foundational significance of a constructivist philosophical point of view. I conclude with some remarks on Weyl's broader philosophical views.

This paper aims at a logico-mathematical analysis of the concept of chaos from the point of view of a constructivist philosophy of physics. The idea of an internal logic of chaos theory is meant as an alternative to a realist conception of chaos. A brief historical overview of the theory of dynamical systems is provided in order to situate the philosophical problem in the context of probability theory. A finitary probabilistic account of chaos amounts to the theory of measurement in the line of a quantum-theoretical foundational perspective and the paper concludes on the non-classical internal logic of chaos theory. Finally, deterministic chaos points to a philosophy which asserts that chaotic systems are no less measurable than other physical systems where predictable and non–predictable phenomena intermingle in a constructive theory of measurement.