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Proti metodě: Karel Kosík o architektuře a urbanismuIn Josef Zumr, Marek Hrubec & Miroslav Pauza (eds.), Filosof Karel Kosík, . pp. 225-249. 2011.[Against Method: Karel Kosik on Architecture and Urbanism] A critical analysis of the views of a prominent Czech philosopher who transitioned from humanist Marxism to Heideggerian conservatism. This philosophical development is also reflected in his occasional reflections on the built environment.
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487The Menard Case and the Identity of a Literary Work of ArtIn Tomas Koblizek, Petr Kot'átko & Martin Pokorný (eds.), Text + Work: The Menard Case, . pp. 6-34. 2013.
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Proti primitivismu: Gombrichova kritika moderního uměníIn Ladislav Kesner & František Mikš (eds.), Gombrich: porozumět umění a jeho dějinám, . pp. 117-163. 2009.
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334Český Greenberg? Mukařovský a estetický formalismusSešit Pro Umění, Teorii a Příbuzné Zóny 19 6-26. 2015.[A Czech Greenberg? Mukařovský and Aesthetic Formalism] This article revisits Tomáš Pospiszyl’s discussion of the split between the North American and the Czechoslovak postwar modernism as a difference between the views of two critics who dominated the American and the Czechoslovak art scene, respectively--Clement Greenberg and Jindřich Chalupecký. Pospiszyl convincingly traces the evolution of American art to what has been called Greenberg’s “formalism,” and the developments on the Czechoslovak…Read more
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320Pojem animální mysliIn Hana Müllerová, David Cerny & Adam Doležal (eds.), Kapitoly o právech zvířat, . pp. 235-306. 2016.[The Concept of Animal Mind] A critical analysis and assessment of the current philosophical theories of animal cognition and consciousness. The contents: 1. The concept of mind; 2. Other minds; 3. Can animals think?; 4. Do animals have concsiousness?; 5. Conclusion.
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Tři filosofové o Darwinovi (review)Filosoficky Casopis 57 935-940. 2009.[Three Philosophers on Darwin] A review of three recent books on Darwin and Darwinism by John Dupré, Philip Kitcher and Michael Ruse.
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1Darwinistická metaetikaIn Jakub Jirsa (ed.), Přístupy k etice III, . pp. 297-345. 2016.[Darwinian Metaethics] A critical analysis of the recent theories of metaethics that take the Darwinian picture of our origin seriously. The contents: 1. Evolution of altruism; 2. Biology in ethics; 3. Moore and a critique of naturalism; 4. Darwinian non-cognitivism; 5. Darwinian cognitivist realism and constructivism; 6. Darwinian cognitivist anti-realism; 7. Darwinian fictionalism.
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343Od eutanazie k infanticiděČasopis Zdravotnického Práva a Bioetiky 5 (1): 5-27. 2015.[From Euthanasia to Infanticide] The paper revisits the recent controversy over Dr. Mitlőhner’s defense of infanticide, published in this journal. In section 1, I point out the weaknesses of Mitlőhner’s paper. In sections 2 and 3 I turn to the most sophisticated defense of infanticide on offer today, that of Peter Singer’s. Section 2 sums up Singer’s description of the medical practice as already having abandoned the traditional ethic of equal value of all human lives, which motivates ethical re…Read more
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421Etika lidského vylepšování a liberální eugenikaFilosoficky Casopis 62 (6): 847-861. 2014.[The Ethics of Human Enhancement and Liberal Eugenics] The paper deals with the ethics of biotechnological enhancement of human qualities such as intelligence, health and lifespan. In contemporary bioethics three views have emerged concerning the moral permissibility of such a biotechnological enhancement of humans. While bioconservatives reject it as morally impermissible and dangerous, bioradicals welcome it as permissible and desirable. Between these two extremes we find bioliberals who admit…Read more
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Darwin's WritersSlovo and Smysl / Word & Sense 5 (11-12): 19-52. 2009.The paper examines the impact of Darwin's ideas on the English literature, from the late Victorians Samuel Butler, G. B. Shaw and H. G. Wells to our contemporaries A. S. Byatt and Ian McEwan.
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Minimum Dwellings: Otto Neurath and Karel Teige on ArchitectureIn Radek Schuster (ed.), The Vienna Circle in Czechoslovakia, Springer. pp. 111-134. 2020.While the Vienna Circle had virtually no impact on the Czech-speaking philosophical community during the 1930s, one can find a curious meeting point in the field of theory of architecture. There is now a growing literature on Otto Neurath as a theorist of architecture and urbanism, who emphasized the social aspects of modern building and approached architecture from his idiosyncratic viewpoint of Marxism interpreted as a physicalistic social science. It is less well known that a young Czech arch…Read more
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4Against Coady on Hume on TestimonyActa Analytica 11 (16-17): 189-200. 1996.The paper critically examines C.A.J. Coady's analysis of testimony, concentrating on his interpretation of the views of David Hume. The author tries to show that not only is Coady's interpretation of Hume inadequate, but that Hume's conception of testimony is in fact superior to that of Coady. Coady sees Hume as the originator of the individualistic, first-person, view of testimony, according to which the reports of other people must be confirmed on the basis of an individualistically interprete…Read more
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251Jaké to je, nebo o čem to je? Místo vědomí v materiálním světěFilosofia. 2017.[What It’s Like, or What It’s About? The Place of Consciousness in the Material World] Summary: The book is both a survey of the contemporary debate and a defense of a distinctive position. Most philosophers nowadays assume that the focus of the philosophy of consciousness, its shared explanandum, is a certain property of experience variously called “phenomenal character,” “qualitative character,” “qualia” or “phenomenology,” understood in terms of what it is like to undergo the experience in qu…Read more
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177Metafyzika antiindividualismuFilosofia. 2008.[The Metaphysics of Anti-Individualism] A detailed exploration of the implications of psychological externalism -- in particular Tyler Burge's variety, or what he calls "anti-individualism" -- for the mind-body problem. Based on his anti-individualism, Burge famously rejected materialism, but the ramifications of this argument were not properly examined. I show how he rejects the identity, supervenience, and realization forms of materialism, but that he leaves out the possibility of constitution…Read more
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279O vědomí, náboženství a svobodě vůleFilosoficky Casopis 66 (2): 171-183. 2018.[On Consciousness, Religion, and Freedom of the Will] An interview with Daniel Dennett on consciousness, religion and free will.
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12Realismus, materialismus a uměníSešit Pro Umění, Teorii a Příbuzné Zóny 21 38-66. 2016.[Realism, Materialism, and Art] Recent years have seen the ascendance of a new trend in continental philosophy called “the speculative turn”, “speculative realism”, “continental materialism”, or “object-oriented ontology” (OOO). I focus on the work of one of the proponents of this new trend, Graham Harman, in particular his recent attempt to extend his “object-oriented” approach to art and aesthetics. In part 1, I start with a brief characterization of the new trend in terms of the shared opposi…Read more
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491Empirismus, naturalismus a idejeFilosoficky Casopis 2 (65): 297-315. 2017.[Empiricism, Naturalism, and Ideas] The author analyses the modern reception of key themes in Hume’s philosophy during the past century. The first part presents Hume’s version of three such themes – empiricism, naturalism and the theory of ideas. The following three parts give an exposition of modern forms of each of these themes, with the choice of modern reception being directed to those contemporary authors who not only developed Hume’s motifs in the most original way, but who also explicitl…Read more
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541Mají zvířata vědomí?Filosoficky Casopis 64 (1): 3-22. 2016.[Do Animals Have Consciousness?] The study analyses the arguments of contemporary philosophers of mind concerning the subject of animal consciousness. The first part reminds the reader of the Cartesian starting point of the contemporary discussion and points to the concept of phenomenal consciousness as the main point of contention concerning the instantiation of consciousness in non-human animals. The second part of the study analyses various forms of representationalism which make up the mains…Read more
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1Charles Darwin, filosof pro 21. stoletíFilosoficky Casopis 57 811-835. 2009.[Charles Darwin, Philosopher for the 21st Century] This is, by and large, a review paper which discusses the current situation and future prospects of a philosophy based on the Darwinian view of life. The first section reflects on Wittgenstein's aversion to Darwinism, which was a symptom of his construal of philosophy as conceptual analysis free from empirical inquiry. The contemporary turn to Darwinian considerations in philosophy is a consequence of the Quinean rejection of conceptual analysis…Read more
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Socialismus, esencialismus a externalismusFilosoficky Casopis 55 879-897. 2007.[Socialism, essentialism and externalism] The paper defends two assumptions in Burge's externalist argument against materialism. One assumption is that the content of a belief is determined by the rules that govern its expression in a shared language. Hence, I call this principle "linguistic socialism." According to the other assumption, a belief survives as long as it keepds its content. Content is regarded hee as essential to a belief, so I call this principle "semantic essentialism." The crit…Read more
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Nesnáze naturalismuFilosoficky Casopis 48 27-49. 2000.[The Perils of Naturalism] The paper attempts a simultaneous assessment of both Rorty's philosophy, and some of its recent interpretations by Czech philosophers. Four of such interpretations are assessed and challenged: Rorty as, in turn, an idealist, a subjectivist, an eliminative materialist, and a non-metaphysical realist and naturalist. According to the author, Rorty should be, rather than is, a non-metaphysical realist, but he vacillates, due to his renunciation of representationalist conce…Read more
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Externalismus, aneb vytrvalost kartezianismuFilosoficky Casopis 50 359-386. 2002.[Externalism, or, the Persistence of Cartesianism]
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Na obranu lidové psychologieFilosoficky Casopis 43 (5): 858-861. 1995.[In Defence of Folk Psychology]
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311Utilitarianismus, nacismus a eutanazieFilosoficky Casopis 60 (6): 899-908. 2012.[Utilitarism, Nazism, and Euthanasia] The article is an answer to Prof. Munzarová who criticised my defence of physician-assisted suicide. The article points to shortcomings in the reply of prof. Munzarová which flow from the author’s underestimation of normative theory. Among these shortcomings are the ignoring of the arguments of her opponent; her calling into question the moral credit of the proponents of the competing theory (utilitarianism) rather than a critical analysis; unclear theoretic…Read more
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738N. Goodman, Jazyky umění: Nástin teorie symbolů (review)Organon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 15 (2): 273-278. 2008.A review of the Czech translation of Nelson Goodman's Languages of Art. I emphasize Goodman's move away from the issue of the definition of art, and the fruitfulness of the autographic/allographic distinction.
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Davidsonovy externalismyFilosoficky Casopis 57 39-61. 2009.[Davidson on Externalism] This is a critical analysis of Davidson's version of psychological externalism. The author argues that Davidson offers two different types of the theory, which do not coincide, however, with the usual distinction between physical and social externalism. On the one hand, Davidson argues that the mental states of an individual are determined by her causal history (what could be called "historical externalism"); on the other hand, he argues that each individual's mental st…Read more
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69Anti-individualism, materialism, naturalismOrganon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 14 (3): 283-302. 2007.This paper starts from the familiar premise that psychological anti-individualism is incompatible with materialism. It attempts to state more clearly what this incompatibility consists in, and — rather than arguing in detail for any particular resolution — to inquire whether this incompatibility admits any resolution. However, the paper does offer a conditional argument concerning the possibility that the incompatibility is genuine and cannot be resolved. Provided that anti-individualism and mat…Read more
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Jak je možná iracionalita? Davidson a rozštěpená myslFilosoficky Casopis 57 79-102. 2009.[How is Irrationality Possible? Davidson and the Split Mind] The paper deals witht Davidson's response to the challenge posed to his theory of mind by the phenomena of irrationality. This challenge is especially acute for Davidson, since he famously argued that it is a necessary condition on intentional agency that the agent be largely rational. The author begins by defending Davidson against some recent critics of perfect rationality. The middle part of the paper is an explication of Davidson's…Read more
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Scruton, R., Estetické porozumění (review)Organon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 13 (4): 554-558. 2006.A review of the Czech translation of Roger Scruton's Aesthetic Understanding.