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132Composed Objects, Internal Relations, and Purely Intentional Negativity. Ingarden’s Theory of States of AffairsPolish Journal of Philosophy 4 (2): 63-80. 2010.Ingarden’s official ontology of states of affairs is by no means reductionist. According to him there are states of affairs, but they are ontologically dependent onother entities. There are certain classical arguments for the introduction of states of affairs as extra entities over and above the nominal objects, that can be labelled “the problem of composition,” “the problem of relation” and “the problem of negation.” To the first two Ingarden proposes rather traditional solutions, while his tre…Read more
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Teoria intencjonalności i umysłu Johna R. Searle'aPrzeglad Filozoficzny - Nowa Seria 14 (2): 73-83. 1995.
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182Varieties of intentional objectsSemiotica 2013 (194): 189-206. 2013.In this paper I propose a certain classification of entities which are introduced in various theories of intentionality under the label ‘intentional objects’. Franz Brentano’s immanent objects, Alexius Meinong’s entities ‘beyond being and non-being’, or Roman Ingarden’s purely intentional objects can serve as examples of such entities. What they all have in common is that they have been introduced in order to extensionalise the so called ‘intentional contexts’ (‘intentional’ with ‘t’). But not a…Read more
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149Negative States of Affairs: Reinach versus IngardenSymposium. The Canadian Journal of Continental Philosophy 16 (2): 106-127. 2012.In Reinach’s works one finds a very rich ontology of states of affairs. Some of them are positive, some negative. Some of them obtain, some do not. But even the negative and non-obtaining states of affairs are absolutely independent of any mental activity. Now in spite of this claim of the “ontological equality” of positive and negative states of affairs there are, according to Reinach, massive epistemological differences in our cognitive access to them. Positive states of affairs could be direc…Read more
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130Meinong’s Version of the Description TheoryRussell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 27 (1): 73-85. 2007.About 1904 Meinong formulated his most famous idea: there are no empty (non-referential) terms. Russell also did not accept non-referential singular terms, but in “On Denoting” he claimed that all singular terms that are apparently empty could be explained away as apparent singular terms. However, if we take a more careful look at both theories, the picture becomes more complex. It is well known that Russell’s concept of a genuine proper name is very technical; but this is also true of Meinong. …Read more
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37Enduring StatesIn Christian Kanzian (ed.), Persistence, De Gruyter. pp. 19-32. 2007.The problem of how a concrete individual survives changes of its properties has long divided the philosophical community into ‘enduratists’ and ‘perduratists’. Enduratists take the idea of a surviving individual ontologi-cally seriously. They claim that many objects we encounter in our every-day (and for that matter also scientific) life endure in time, which means that these entities are wholly present at any time at which they exist. For those who are in principle happy with the conceptual fra…Read more
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108Ingarden on Modes of BeingIn Bruno Leclercq, Sebastien Richard & Denis Seron (eds.), Objects and Pseudo-Objects: Ontological Deserts and Jungles from Brentano to Carnap, De Gruyter. pp. 199-222. 2015.
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Brentano und Meinong. Zur Ontologie der DenkobjekteIn Winfried Löffler (ed.), Substanz und Identität. Beiträge zur Ontologie, Mentis. 2002.1. Die Psychologie vom empirischen Standpunkt (1874) Brentanos gilt als das Werk der Theorie der Intentionalität. Brentano macht dort die „intentionale Inexistenz” des Denkobjekts zum Definitionsmerkmal des Psychischen und zugleich zum zentralen Begriff eines einflußreichen Forschungsprogramms. Die Idee der intentionalen Beziehung, die in der Psychologie diese zentrale Stellung genießt, hat jedoch ganz bestimmte Aristotelisch-scholastische Wurzeln und wurde bereits in Brentanos Dissertation (186…Read more
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67Drei Versionen der Meinongschen LogikZeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung 59 (1): 49-70. 2005.Alexius Meinong nimmt in der Geschichte der Ontologie eine ausgezeichnete Stellung ein. Er war der erste Philosoph, der in systematischer Weise eine quasi-onto¬logische Disziplin entwickelte, die im Vergleich zu der Disziplin, die man traditionell Metaphysik oder Ontologie nennt, viel allgemeiner sein sollte. Die Metaphysik untersucht das Seiende als Seiendes, und die seienden Entitäten bilden – so die These Meinongs – nur ein kleines Fragment dessen, was man unter dem Namen „Gegenstands¬theorie…Read more
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20Brentanowska filozofia moralnościEtyka 31 109-124. 1998.Brentano has divided mental phenomena into three main groups: presentations, judgements and emotions. Both judgements and emotions involve presentations as its foundation. Each judgement consists in acceptance or rejection of an object of some presentation; and each act of emotion consists in love or hate directed upon such presented object.
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131Reinach’s Theory of Social ActsStudia Phaenomenologica 15 281-302. 2015.Some forty years before J.L. Austin, Adolf Reinach developed a highly articulated theory of speech acts. In this paper I present Reinach’s theory, and show some similarities and differences between his approach and the nowadays standard approaches, derived from Austin and Searle. Reinach’s work contains in fact all the cornerstones of the speech act theory. Still when comparing his theory with these contemporary approaches we can find at least two important differences. The first difference conc…Read more
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24Realistyczne teorie uniwersaliów (realist theories of universals)In Sebastian T. Kołodziejczyk (ed.), Przewodnik po Metafizyce, Wam. 2011.This is a general introduction to the metaphysics o universals.
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1Ist das Gettier-Problem wirklich ein Problem?Conceptus: Zeitschrift Fur Philosophie 33 (82): 45-56. 2000.Viele Philosophen Glauben, daß die sogenannte „klassische” Definition des Wissens: (W)Das Subjekt S weiß, daß p =Df. (i) S glaubt (ist überzeugt), daß p; (ii) S hat eine Begründung (eine epistemische Rechtferigung) für seine Überzeugung, daß p; und (iii) es ist der Fall, daß p. durch das berühmte Gegenbeispiel Gettiers endgültig demoliert wurde: Gettier hat die folgende Situation konstruiert: (G)(1) Das Subjekt S hat eine gute induktive Begründung für die Überzeugung, daß p. (2) S hat die Überze…Read more
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Marty on Truth-MakingIn Laurent Cesalli & Janette Friedrich (eds.), Anton Marty, Karl Bühler. Between Mind and Language, Schwabe. pp. 201-234. 2014.
Areas of Specialization
| Epistemology |
| Metaphysics |
| Philosophy of Mind |