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Johannes Brandl

University of Salzburg
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  • University of Salzburg
    Department of Philosophy (GW)
    Retired faculty
Homepage
Salzburg, Salzburg State, Austria
Areas of Specialization
Philosophy of Mind
20th Century Philosophy
Psychology
Areas of Interest
Philosophy of Mind
20th Century Philosophy
Psychology
  • All publications (84)
  •  107
    Austrian Philosophy: The Legacy of Franz Brentano (review)
    Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 57 (3): 697-702. 1994.
    Brentano School19th Century Austrian Philosophy, Misc20th Century Austrian Philosophy, MiscBrentano:…Read more
    Brentano School19th Century Austrian Philosophy, Misc20th Century Austrian Philosophy, MiscBrentano: MetaphysicsBrentano and Other Philosophers
  • Grazer Philosophische Studien (edited book)
    Brill. 2015.
    Wittgenstein on colour exclusion : not fatally mistaken / Andrew Lugg -- Dummett's criticism of the context principle / Philip A. Ebert -- What is wrong with classical negation? / Nils Kürbis -- Plain particulars / Ernâni Magalhães -- Frege and the description theory : an attempt at rehabilitation / Ari Maunu -- Die Moralpille : über Risiken und Nebenwirkungen denken Sie eigenständig nach und fragen Ihren Philosophen oder Ihre Philosophin / Dorothee Bleisch --Agency & the pill that makes us…Read more
    Wittgenstein on colour exclusion : not fatally mistaken / Andrew Lugg -- Dummett's criticism of the context principle / Philip A. Ebert -- What is wrong with classical negation? / Nils Kürbis -- Plain particulars / Ernâni Magalhães -- Frege and the description theory : an attempt at rehabilitation / Ari Maunu -- Die Moralpille : über Risiken und Nebenwirkungen denken Sie eigenständig nach und fragen Ihren Philosophen oder Ihre Philosophin / Dorothee Bleisch --Agency & the pill that makes us moral / Philip Fox -- Breaking good : is there a patent recipe for cooking up the moral pill? / David Heering.
  •  44
    Gegenstandslose Gedanken
    Grazer Philosophische Studien 26 (1): 501-531. 1985.
    Thoughts may have a subject — they may concern a certain topic —without having an object in the sense of being directed upon a referent. It is argued that, once this distinction is acknowledged, a third position between Meinong and Russell can be established. There will then be objectless thoughts which need not be false in view of the non-existence of their purported referents. But there will also be object-dependent thoughts which have their referents necessarily. Neither logically proper name…Read more
    Thoughts may have a subject — they may concern a certain topic —without having an object in the sense of being directed upon a referent. It is argued that, once this distinction is acknowledged, a third position between Meinong and Russell can be established. There will then be objectless thoughts which need not be false in view of the non-existence of their purported referents. But there will also be object-dependent thoughts which have their referents necessarily. Neither logically proper names nor non-existing objects need to be introduced if we allow for cases when we are mistaken about what kind of thoughts we are considering. This result is achieved via an analysis of fictional names and a free logic which includes a nonpredicating use of general terms in sentences imitating the logical form of predications.
    De Re Belief
  • Why totally unjustified convictions persist? Twardowski on the nature of prejudice
    In Anna Brożek & Jacek Juliusz Jadacki (eds.), At the Sources of the Twentieth-Century Analytical Movement: Kazimierz Twardowski and His Position in European Philosophy, Brill. 2022.
    Eastern European Philosophy
  •  61
    Philosophie: Sinn und Unsinn: David Stoves The Plato Cult and other Philosophical Follies
    Kriterion - Journal of Philosophy 3 (1): 42-47. 1992.
    PlatoSocial and Political Philosophy
  •  137
    The foundations of metacognition (edited book)
    with Michael J. Beran, Josef Perner, and Joëlle Proust
    Oxford University Press. 2012.
    Bringing together researchers from across the cognitive sciences, the book is valuable for philosophers of mind, developmental and comparative psychologists, and neuroscientists.
    Philosophy of ConsciousnessConsciousness and PsychologyScience of Consciousness, Miscellaneous
  •  211
    Teleology first: Goals before knowledge and belief
    with Tobias Schlicht, Frank Esken, Hans-Johann Glock, Albert Newen, Josef Perner, Franziska Poprawe, Eva Schmidt, Anna Strasser, and Julia Wolf
    Behavioral and Brain Sciences 44. 2021.
    Comparing knowledge with belief can go wrong in two dimensions: If the authors employ a wider notion of knowledge, then they do not compare like with like because they assume a narrow notion of belief. If they employ only a narrow notion of knowledge, then their claim is not supported by the evidence. Finally, we sketch a superior teleological view.
    Theory of Mind and Folk PsychologyPsychological ExplanationReasons and CausesDevelopmental Psycholog…Read more
    Theory of Mind and Folk PsychologyPsychological ExplanationReasons and CausesDevelopmental Psychology
  •  141
    The purposes of descriptive psychology
    European Journal of Philosophy 31 (2): 358-370. 2023.
    In this paper, I discuss the different views of the founders of descriptive psychology in the 19th century about the meaning and purpose of this discipline and sketch a new plan for connecting descriptive psychology with the language-critical tradition of analytic philosophy. I will show that the goals Hermann Lotze, Franz Brentano, and Wilhelm Dilthey set for descriptive psychology were too lofty for different reasons. The common problem they faced was how to reconcile the ideal of autonomous p…Read more
    In this paper, I discuss the different views of the founders of descriptive psychology in the 19th century about the meaning and purpose of this discipline and sketch a new plan for connecting descriptive psychology with the language-critical tradition of analytic philosophy. I will show that the goals Hermann Lotze, Franz Brentano, and Wilhelm Dilthey set for descriptive psychology were too lofty for different reasons. The common problem they faced was how to reconcile the ideal of autonomous philosophical knowledge with the empirical relevance that descriptive psychology should have. Faced with this dilemma, I outline a new plan to conceive of descriptive psychology as a critical project aimed at overcoming the obstacles that language places in the way of our knowledge of mental phenomena.
  •  22
    How Relational Are Davidson’s Beliefs?
    In Ralf Stoecker (ed.), Reflecting Davidson: Donald Davidson Responding to an International Forum of Philosophers, De Gruyter. pp. 175-193. 1993.
  •  78
    File Change Semantics for preschoolers
    with Josef Perner
    Interaction Studies. Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies / Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies 6 (3): 483-501. 2005.
    We develop a new theory of the cognitive changes around 4 years of age by trying to explain why understanding of false belief and of alternative naming emerge at this age. We make use of the notion of discourse referents as it is used in File Change Semantics, one of the early forms of the more widely known Discourse Representation Theory. The assumed cognitive change exists in how children can link DRs in their mind to external referents. The younger children check whether the conditions for a …Read more
    We develop a new theory of the cognitive changes around 4 years of age by trying to explain why understanding of false belief and of alternative naming emerge at this age. We make use of the notion of discourse referents as it is used in File Change Semantics, one of the early forms of the more widely known Discourse Representation Theory. The assumed cognitive change exists in how children can link DRs in their mind to external referents. The younger children check whether the conditions for a DR match the conditions of an external entity. The older children, in addition, have an explicit understanding of reference in virtue of making explicit identity assertions. This involves the metarepresentational ability of representing that different DRs represent the same external referent, which — we argue — is required for alternative naming and for the false belief task.
    Discourse
  • Grazer Philosophische Studien: Volume 70 – 2005 (edited book)
    with Marian David and Leopold Stubenberg
    Brill | Rodopi. 2005.
  •  29
    Grazer Philosophische Studien: Volume 73 – 2006 (edited book)
    with Marian David and Leopold Stubenberg
    Brill | Rodopi. 2006.
  • Proceedings of the Fourteenth Wittgenstein Symposium: Centenary Celebration (edited book)
    with Rudolf Haller
    Vienna: Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky. 1990.
  •  18
    Grazer Philosophische Studien, Vol 90 – 2014 : International Journal for Analytic Philosophy (edited book)
    Brill | Rodopi. 2015.
    Grazer Philosophische Studien is a peer reviewed journal that publishes articles on philosophical problems in every area, especially articles related to the analytic tradition.
  •  180
    Review: Mind World: Essays in Phenomenology and Ontology (review)
    Mind 115 (457): 169-173. 2006.
    Phenomenology and ConsciousnessEdmund HusserlHusserl: Philosophy of Mind
  •  129
    The Austrian Contribution to Analytic Philosophy, edited by Mark Textor
    Mind 119 (473): 253-258. 2010.
    No abstract is available for this citation
    Austrian Philosophy
  •  57
    Erratum to: Young children’s protest: what it can (not) tell us about early normative understanding
    with Frank Esken, Beate Priewasser, and Eva Rafetseder
    Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 16 (1): 179-179. 2017.
    Philosophy of Cognitive SciencePhilosophy of Psychology
  •  72
    Brentano's theory of judgement
    Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2008.
    Belief, MiscBrentano: Judgment
  •  63
    Wittgenstein: Eine Neubewertung/Towards a Re-evaluation (edited book)
    with Rudolf Haller
    Verlag Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky. 1990.
    An läßlich der I 00. Wiederkehr des Geburtstages von Ludwig Wittgenstein, dem wohl bedeutendsten Philosophen unseres Jahrhunderts und Namensgeber der veranstaltenden Gesellschaft, wurde das 14. Internationale Symposium in Kirchberg gänzlich unter die programmatische Perspektive einer Neubewertung seiner Philosophie gestellt. Dem Anlasse entsprechend war dieses Symposium das weitaus größte aller bisherigen mit nahezu 600 Teilnehmern und 230 Vorträgen. Nur 138 davon konnten in die Akten des 14. Sy…Read more
    An läßlich der I 00. Wiederkehr des Geburtstages von Ludwig Wittgenstein, dem wohl bedeutendsten Philosophen unseres Jahrhunderts und Namensgeber der veranstaltenden Gesellschaft, wurde das 14. Internationale Symposium in Kirchberg gänzlich unter die programmatische Perspektive einer Neubewertung seiner Philosophie gestellt. Dem Anlasse entsprechend war dieses Symposium das weitaus größte aller bisherigen mit nahezu 600 Teilnehmern und 230 Vorträgen. Nur 138 davon konnten in die Akten des 14. Symposiums aufgenommen werden, dietrotzdieser Auswahl über 1000 Seiten stark wurden. Wegen dieses außerordentlichen Umfangs ist es nötig, die Akten diesmal auf drei Bände aufzuteilen. Der erste Band enthält eingeladene Vorträge, gegliedert nach fünf Themenschw- punkten: Zur Philosophie der Traktatperiode Zur Philosophie von Logik und Mathematik Zur Übergangsperiode der Dreißigerjahre Zur Aufgabe der Philosophie Zur Ethik und Religion. Freilich wäre es eine Übertreibung zu behaupten, daß alle Beiträge im vollen Wortsin ne eine Neubewertung von Wittgensteins Philosophie veranschaulichen. Aber der Ten denz nach exemplifizieren die gesammelten Texte den Stand der gegenwärtigen Wittgen stein-Interpretation sehr deutlich. Waren in den ersten Jahren nach seinem Tode und der Publikation der nachgelassenen Schriften die Bemühungen zunächst auf die sprachphi losophischen Aspekte der Philosophischen Untersuchungen, das Privatsprachenproblem und den Neuerungen nach der Traktatperiode gerichtet, so zeigten sich seit den Siehziger jahren Tendenzen zur Vereinheitlichung. So entstand in den letzten Jahren ein zuneh mend differenzierteres Bild sowohl der Entwicklung von Wittgensteins Philosophie als auch der Rolle von Logik, Bedeutung und Bezug sprachlicher Zeichen im Gesamtkonte. M der Lebensformen.
    Ludwig Wittgenstein
  •  108
    The Mind of Donald Davidson (edited book)
    Netherlands: Rodopi. 1989.
    WHAT IS PRESENT TO THE MIND? Donald DAVIDSON The University of California at Berkeley There is a sense in which anything we think about is,...
    Anomalous MonismDonald DavidsonContent Internalism and Externalism, Misc
  •  43
    Pretend play in early childhood: the road between mentalism
    In Michael J. Beran, Johannes Brandl, Josef Perner & Joëlle Proust (eds.), The foundations of metacognition, Oxford University Press. pp. 146. 2012.
    Philosophy of Mind
  •  10
    Grazer Philosophische Studien: Internationale Zeitschrift Für Analytische Philosophie. Gegründet von Rudolf Haller (edited book)
    with Marian David and Leopold Stubenberg
    Brill | Rodopi. 2004.
    Austrian Philosophy
  •  17
    Die Notwendigkeit der Namen: über das Benennen von Einzeldingen und die Relevanz seiner historisch-kausalen Grundlagen für den Aufbau einer allgemeinen Theorie der Bedeutung
    Dbv-Verlag. 1987.
  •  180
    What is Wrong with the Building Block Theory of Language?
    with Wolfgang Gombocz
    Grazer Philosophische Studien 36 (1): 79-95. 1989.
    It is argued that Davidson's basic objection to the Building Block Method in semantics is neither that it gives the wrong explanation of how a first language is learned nor that it assigns a meaning to Single words prior to interpreting a whole language. The arguments against Fregean concepts and truth-values as the references of predicates and sentences are found to be equally superficial as the arguments against a primitive notion reference defmed in causal terms.Davidson's basic objection tur…Read more
    It is argued that Davidson's basic objection to the Building Block Method in semantics is neither that it gives the wrong explanation of how a first language is learned nor that it assigns a meaning to Single words prior to interpreting a whole language. The arguments against Fregean concepts and truth-values as the references of predicates and sentences are found to be equally superficial as the arguments against a primitive notion reference defmed in causal terms.Davidson's basic objection turns out to be that thoughts do not have a deep-structure which can be revealed by a correct analysis. His constraints on a theory of meaning do not allow for a distinction, as suggested by Dummett, between analysis and decomposition of thoughts. This forces us to a very general decision about how to do philosophy. As a non-reductivist I think it makes sense to assume a basic thought-structure. From this perspective the use of buildingblocks in semantics is vindicated.
  •  37
    Twardowski's Distinction between Actions and Products
    In Katarzyna Kijania-Placek & Jan Woleński (eds.), The Lvov-Warsaw school and contemporary philosophy, Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 23--34. 1998.
    Polish Philosophy
  •  1
    Intentionality
    In Liliana Albertazzi, Massimo Libardi & Roberto Poli (eds.), The School of Franz Brentano, Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1995.
    Brentano: IntentionalityIntentionality
  •  107
    Gegen den Primat des Intentionalen
    Grazer Philosophische Studien 28 (1): 105-131. 1986.
    Die beste Erklärung für den Gegenstandsbezug unserer Gedanken erhalten wir, so die These meines Aufsatzes, indem wir die Semantik jener Ausdrücke studieren, mit denen wir uns auf Individuen beziehen. Für diese methodologische Entscheidung sprechen dreierlei Gründe: Erstens die Uneinheitlichkeit der Kategorie singulärer Terme; zweitens die Notwendigkeit, zwischen einem starken und einem schwachen Begriff des de re Glaubens zu unterscheiden; sowie drittens die Unmöglichkeit, psychische Phänomene z…Read more
    Die beste Erklärung für den Gegenstandsbezug unserer Gedanken erhalten wir, so die These meines Aufsatzes, indem wir die Semantik jener Ausdrücke studieren, mit denen wir uns auf Individuen beziehen. Für diese methodologische Entscheidung sprechen dreierlei Gründe: Erstens die Uneinheitlichkeit der Kategorie singulärer Terme; zweitens die Notwendigkeit, zwischen einem starken und einem schwachen Begriff des de re Glaubens zu unterscheiden; sowie drittens die Unmöglichkeit, psychische Phänomene zu einem Verbindungsglied zwischen Worten und Gegenständen zu machen. Im ersten Punkt stütze ich mich auf eine Lesart der attributiv/referentiell Unterscheidung, die Donnellan zu einem Partner und nicht zu einem Gegner von Russell macht. Schon die Kennzeichnungstheorie stellt jeden Versuch in Frage, zwei so grundverschiedene Arten des Bezeichnens gleichermaßen durch ein 'intentionales Gerichtetsein' der Sprecher zu erklären. An dieser Schwierigkeit scheitert auch, so mein zweites Argument, Chisholms Versuch, zwei unterschiedlich starke Begriffe des de re Glaubens auf intentionale Weise zu definieren. Schließlich verteidige ich Wittgensteins streng antireduktionistische Haltung gegenüber Deutungen, die ihn zum Advokaten eines Primats des Intentionalen machen würden.
  •  1
    Wittgenstein - Towards a Re-Evaluation: Proceedings of the 14th International Wittgenstein-Symposium, Vol. I (edited book)
    with Rudolf Haller
    Holder-Pichler-Tempsky. 1990.
    Ludwig Wittgenstein
  •  165
    DM18. 50 Brown, Harvey R. & Harre, Rom (Editors), The Philosophical Foundations of Quantum Field Theory, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1990, 190pp., paper£ 12.50 Chalmers, Alan, Science and its Fabrication, Bucks, Open University Press, 1990 (review)
    with W. L. Gombocz
    Mind 99 396. 1990.
  •  78
    The puzzle of mirror self-recognition
    Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 17 (2): 279-304. 2018.
    Philosophy of Cognitive ScienceConsciousness and Psychology
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