•  84
    Metaphor and the Varieties of Lexical Meaning
    with Jaakko Hintikka
    Dialectica 44 (1‐2): 55-78. 1990.
  •  74
    On Social Rights
    with Martti Kuokkanen
    Ratio Juris 3 (1): 89-94. 1990.
  •  11
    There is a line of argument which aims to show that certain ontological claims are harmless by making use of conservativity results. The argument goes back to Hilbert who set its general frame. Hilbert’s concern was with certain abstract (ideal) entities in mathematics but the argument has been applied without discrimination to avoid ontological commitment to abstract entities in physics (Field) or to avoid ontological commitment to semantical properties like truth (Shapiro).
  • Independence-friendly logic: A game-theoretic approach. LMS Lecture Notes, vol. 386
    with Allen L. Mann and Merlijn Sevenster
    Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 18 (2): 272-273. 2012.
  •  160
    Signalling In Languages With Imperfect Information
    Synthese 127 (1): 21-34. 2001.
    This paper is a short survey of different languageswith imperfect information introduced in (Hintikka and Sandu 1989).The imperfect information concerns both quantifiers and connectives.At the end, I will sketch a connection between these languages and linearlogic.
  •  145
    Uses and Misuses of Frege’s Ideas
    with Jaakko Hintikka
    The Monist 77 (3): 278-293. 1994.
    Frege has one magnificent achievement to his credit, viz. the creation of modern formal logic. As a philosopher and as a theoretical logician, he was nevertheless as parochial as he was, geographically speaking. Hence Frege’s concepts and problems offer singularly unfortunate starting points for constructive work in the foundations of logic and mathematics. Even if he is right in some of his views, they depend on severely restrictive assumptions that have to be noted and eliminated. These restri…Read more
  •  47
    Probabilistic IF Logic
    In Kamal Lodaya (ed.), Logic and Its Applications, Springer. pp. 69--79. 2013.
  • Game-Theoretic Semantics
    with Jk Gts Hintikka
    In J. F. A. K. Van Benthem, Johan van Benthem & Alice G. B. Ter Meulen (eds.), Handbook of Logic and Language, Elsevier. 1997.
    The paper presents an application of game-theoretical ideas to the semantics of natural language, especially the analysis of quantifiers and anaphora. The paper also introduces the idea of games of imperfect information and connects to partial logics.
  •  213
    Logic and semantics in the twentieth century
    with Tuomo Aho
    In Leila Haaparanta (ed.), The development of modern logic, Oxford University Press. pp. 562. 2009.
    This chapter explores logical semantics, that is, the structural meaning of logical expressions like connectives, quantifiers, and modalities. It focuses on truth-theoretical semantics for formalized languages, a tradition emerging from Carnap's and Tarski's work in the first half of the last century that specifies the meaning of these expressions in terms of the truth-conditions of the sentences in which they occur. It considers Tarski-style definitions of the semantics of a given language in a…Read more
  •  187
    If-logic and truth-definition
    Journal of Philosophical Logic 27 (2): 143-164. 1998.
    In this paper we show that first-order languages extended with partially ordered connectives and partially ordered quantifiers define, under a certain interpretation, their own truth-predicate. The interpretation in question is in terms of games of imperfect information. This result is compared with those of Kripke and Feferman
  •  155
    Aspects of compositionality
    with Jaakko Hintikka
    Journal of Logic, Language and Information 10 (1): 49-61. 2001.
    We introduce several senses of the principle ofcompositionality. We illustrate the difference between them with thehelp of some recent results obtained by Cameron and Hodges oncompositional semantics for languages of imperfect information.
  •  2
    This book collects articles on knowledge and game-theoretical semantics dedicated to the memory of the Finnish philosopher and logician Jaakko Hintikka. Many of the contributors have been Hintikka's closed collaborators. The book contains a short overview of Hintikka's contributions to logic and an extensive bibliography of Hintikka's works.
  •  67
    Truth and definite truth
    with Tapani Hyttinen
    Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 126 (1-3): 49-55. 2004.
    In this paper we consider truth as a vague predicate and inquire into the relation between truth and definite truth. We use some tools from modal logic to clarify this distinction, as done in McGee . Finally, we consider the question whether some of the results given by McGee can be transferred to the case in which the underlying logic is stronger than first-order logic. The result will be seen to be negative
  •  229
    The fallacies of the new theory of reference
    with Jaakko Hintikka
    Synthese 104 (2). 1995.
    The so-called New Theory of Reference (Marcus, Kripke etc.) is inspired by the insight that in modal and intensional contexts quantifiers presuppose nondescriptive unanalyzable identity criteria which do not reduce to any descriptive conditions. From this valid insight the New Theorists fallaciously move to the idea that free singular terms can exhibit a built-in direct reference and that there is even a special class of singular terms (proper names) necessarily exhibiting direct reference. This…Read more
  •  124
    On the logic of informational independence and its applications
    Journal of Philosophical Logic 22 (1). 1993.
    We shall introduce in this paper a language whose formulas will be interpreted by games of imperfect information. Such games will be defined in the same way as the games for first-order formulas except that the players do not have complete information of the earlier course of the game. Some simple logical properties of these games will be stated together with the relation of such games of imperfect information to higher-order logic. Finally, a set of applications will be outlined
  •  65
    Signalling in independence-friendly logic
    with F. Barbero
    Logic Journal of the IGPL 22 (4): 638-664. 2014.
  •  75
    Independence‐Friendly logic (IF‐logic) introduced by Hintikka and Sandu (1989) studies patterns of dependence and independence of quantifiers which exceed those found in ordinary first‐order logic. The present survey focuses on the game‐theoretical interpretation of IF‐logic, including connections to solution concepts (equilibria in mixed strategies) in classical game theory, but we shall also present its compositional interpretation together with its connections to notions of dependence and dep…Read more
  • Dynamic game semantics
    with T. Janasik
    In Jaroslav Peregrin (ed.), Meaning: the dynamic turn, Elsevier Science. pp. 215--240. 2003.
  •  22
    Games in philosophical logic
    Nordic Journal of Philosophical Logic 4 143-174. 1999.
  •  11
    entities in mathematics There is a line of argument which keeps ontological commitments to the minimum by making use of conservativity results. The argument goes back to Hilbert who set its general frame. Hilbert’s concern was with certain abstract (ideal) entities in mathematics but the argument has been applied without discrimination to avoid ontological commitment to mathematical entities in physics (Field) or to avoid an ontological commitment to substantial properties in the case of truth (…Read more
  •  163
    What is a quantifier?
    with Jaakko Hintikka
    Synthese 98 (1). 1994.
  •  168
    Partially interpreted relations and partially interpreted quantifiers
    Journal of Philosophical Logic 27 (6): 587-601. 1998.
    Logics in which a relation R is semantically incomplete in a particular universe E, i.e. the union of the extension of R with its anti-extension does not exhaust the whole universe E, have been studied quite extensively in the last years. (Cf. van Benthem (1985), Blamey (1986), and Langholm (1988), for partial predicate logic; Muskens (1996), for the applications of partial predicates to formal semantics, and Doherty (1996) for applications to modal logic.) This is not so with semantically incom…Read more
  •  43
    Partially ordered connectives and finite graphs
    with Lauri Hella
    In Michał Krynicki, Marcin Mostowski & Lesław W. Szczerba (eds.), Quantifiers: Logics, Models and Computation: Volume Two: Contributions, Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 79--88. 1995.
  •  103
    Minimalism and the Definability of Truth
    The Proceedings of the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy 6 143-153. 2000.
    In this paper I am going to inquire to what extent the main requirements of a minimalist theory of truth and falsity (as formulated, for example, by Horwich and Field) can be consistently implemented in a formal theory. I will discuss several of the existing logical theories of truth, including Tarski-type (un)definability results, Kripke’s partial interpretation of truth and falsity, Barwise and Moss’ theory based upon non-well-founded sets, McGee’s treatment of truth as a vague predicate, and …Read more
  • IF first-order logic and truth-definitions
    Journal of Philosophical Logic 26. 1997.
    This paper shows that the logic known as Information-friendly logic (IF-logic) introduced by Jaakko Hintikka and Gabriel Sandu defines its own truth-predicate. The result is interesting given that IF logic is a much stronger logic than ordinary first-order logic and has also a well behaved notion of negation which, on its first-order subfragment, behaves like classical, contradictory negation.
  •  1
    Compositional Semantics
    ProtoSociology 23. 2006.