•  36
    Equilibrium semantics of languages of imperfect information
    with Merlijn Sevenster
    Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 161 (5): 618-631. 2010.
    In this paper, we introduce a new approach to independent quantifiers, as originally introduced in Informational independence as a semantic phenomenon by Hintikka and Sandu [9] under the header of independence-friendly languages. Unlike other approaches, which rely heavily on compositional methods, we shall analyze independent quantifiers via equilibriums in strategic games. In this approach, coined equilibrium semantics, the value of an IF sentence on a particular structure is determined by the…Read more
  •  101
    Aspects of compositionality
    with Jaakko Hintikka
    Journal of Logic, Language and Information 10 (1): 49-61. 2001.
    We introduce several senses of the principle ofcompositionality. We illustrate the difference between them with thehelp of some recent results obtained by Cameron and Hodges oncompositional semantics for languages of imperfect information.
  •  13
    Ramsey and the notion of arbitrary function
    In Maria J. Frapolli Sanz (ed.), F. P. Ramsey. Critical Reassessments, Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 237-256. 2005.
    In his article The Foundations of Mathematics (1925) Ramsey was concerned with the nature of the statements of 'pure mathematics' and the way these statements differ from those in empirical sciences. He thought that the answer given to these questions by Hilbert and the formalist school according to which mathematical statements are meaningless formulas, is unsatisfactory for several reasons, which will not be discussed here. He also expressed serious doubts about the intuitionist program develop…Read more
  •  28
    Truth and definite truth
    with Tapani Hyttinen
    Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 126 (1-3): 49-55. 2004.
    In this paper we consider truth as a vague predicate and inquire into the relation between truth and definite truth. We use some tools from modal logic to clarify this distinction, as done in McGee . Finally, we consider the question whether some of the results given by McGee can be transferred to the case in which the underlying logic is stronger than first-order logic. The result will be seen to be negative
  •  63
    On the logic of informational independence and its applications
    Journal of Philosophical Logic 22 (1). 1993.
    We shall introduce in this paper a language whose formulas will be interpreted by games of imperfect information. Such games will be defined in the same way as the games for first-order formulas except that the players do not have complete information of the earlier course of the game. Some simple logical properties of these games will be stated together with the relation of such games of imperfect information to higher-order logic. Finally, a set of applications will be outlined
  •  32
    Tarski’s Guilty Secret: Compositionality
    with Jaakko Hintikka
    Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook 6 217-230. 1999.
    Tarski has exerted enormous influence not only on the development of mathematical logic, but on twentieth-century philosophy and philosophical analysis. This influence has been twofold, with the two components pulling in a sense in opposite directions. A comparison with the influence of the Vienna Circle provides an instructive vantage point in viewing Tarski’s influence. On the one hand, Tarski has provided powerful tools for logical analysis in philosophy. His first and most important contribu…Read more
  •  55
    Between proof and truth
    with Julien Boyer
    Synthese 187 (3): 821-832. 2012.
    We consider two versions of truth as grounded in verification procedures: Dummett's notion of proof as an effective way to establish the truth of a statement and Hintikka's GTS notion of truth as given by the existence of a winning strategy for the game associated with a statement. Hintikka has argued that the two notions should be effective and that one should thus restrict one's attention to recursive winning strategies. In the context of arithmetic, we show that the two notions do not coincid…Read more
  •  47
    Independence‐Friendly logic introduced by Hintikka and Sandu studies patterns of dependence and independence of quantifiers which exceed those found in ordinary first‐order logic. The present survey focuses on the game‐theoretical interpretation of IF‐logic, including connections to solution concepts in classical game theory, but we shall also present its compositional interpretation together with its connections to notions of dependence and dependence between terms
  • Dynamic game semantics
    with T. Janasik
    In Jaroslav Peregrin (ed.), Meaning: the dynamic turn, Elsevier Science. pp. 215--240. 2003.
  •  61
    Signalling In Languages With Imperfect Information
    Synthese 127 (1-2): 21-34. 2001.
    This paper is a short survey of different languageswith imperfect information introduced in (Hintikka and Sandu 1989).The imperfect information concerns both quantifiers and connectives.At the end, I will sketch a connection between these languages and linearlogic.
  •  22
    Games in philosophical logic
    Nordic Journal of Philosophical Logic 4 143-174. 1999.
  •  67
    Partially interpreted relations and partially interpreted quantifiers
    Journal of Philosophical Logic 27 (6): 587-601. 1998.
    Logics in which a relation R is semantically incomplete in a particular universe E, i.e. the union of the extension of R with its anti-extension does not exhaust the whole universe E, have been studied quite extensively in the last years. (Cf. van Benthem (1985), Blamey (1986), and Langholm (1988), for partial predicate logic; Muskens (1996), for the applications of partial predicates to formal semantics, and Doherty (1996) for applications to modal logic.) This is not so with semantically incom…Read more
  •  114
    What is a quantifier?
    with Jaakko Hintikka
    Synthese 98 (1). 1994.
  •  65
    Minimalism and the Definability of Truth
    The Proceedings of the Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy 6 143-153. 2000.
    In this paper I am going to inquire to what extent the main requirements of a minimalist theory of truth and falsity (as formulated, for example, by Horwich and Field) can be consistently implemented in a formal theory. I will discuss several of the existing logical theories of truth, including Tarski-type (un)definability results, Kripke’s partial interpretation of truth and falsity, Barwise and Moss’ theory based upon non-well-founded sets, McGee’s treatment of truth as a vague predicate, and …Read more
  •  2
    A Revolution In Logic?
    with Jaakko Hintikka
    Nordic Journal of Philosophical Logic 1 169-183. 1996.
  • IF first-order logic and truth-definitions
    Journal of Philosophical Logic 26. 1997.
    This paper shows that the logic known as Information-friendly logic (IF-logic) introduced by Jaakko Hintikka and Gabriel Sandu defines its own truth-predicate. The result is interesting given that IF logic is a much stronger logic than ordinary first-order logic and has also a well behaved notion of negation which, on its first-order subfragment, behaves like classical, contradictory negation.
  •  1
    This book collects articles on knowledge and game-theoretical semantics dedicated to the memory of the Finnish philosopher and logician Jaakko Hintikka. Many of the contributors have been Hintikka's closed collaborators. The book contains a short overview of Hintikka's contributions to logic and an extensive bibliography of Hintikka's works.
  •  1
    Compositional Semantics
    ProtoSociology 23. 2006.
  •  297
    What is Logic?
    with Hintikka Jaakko
    In Dale Jacquette (ed.), Philosophy of Logic, North Holland. pp. 13--39. 2002.
    It is far from clear what is meant by logic or what should be meant by it. It is nevertheless reasonable to identify logic as the study of inferences and inferential relations. The obvious practical use of logic is in any case to help us to reason well, to draw good inferences. And the typical form the theory of any part of logic seems to be a set of rules of inference. This answer already introduces some structure into a discussion of the nature of logic, for in an inference we can distinguish …Read more
  •  63
  •  105
    The skeleton in Frege's cupboard: The standard versus nonstandard distinction
    with Jaakko Hintikka
    Journal of Philosophy 89 (6): 290-315. 1992.
    Against some very common views (e.g. Dummett), this paper argues that Frege did not have a standard interpretation of higher-order logic and for this reason his programme in the foundations of mathematics was a nonstarter.
  •  56
    Erratum to: Between proof and truth
    with Julien Boyer
    Synthese 187 (3): 973-974. 2012.
  •  107
    The paper argues that there are two main kinds of joint action, direct joint bringing about (or performing) something (expressed in terms of a DO-operator) and jointly seeing to it that something is the case (expressed in terms of a Stit-operator). The former kind of joint action contains conjunctive, disjunctive and sequential action and its central subkinds. While joint seeing to it that something is the case is argued to be necessarily intentional, direct joint performance can also be noninte…Read more