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39Bivalence and future contingencyIn Vincent Hendricks & Sven Ove Hansson (eds.), Handbook of Formal Philosophy, Springer. forthcoming.This work presents an overview of four different approaches to the problem of future contingency and determinism in temporal logics. All of them are bivalent, viz. they share the assumption that propositions concerning future contingent facts have a determinate truth-value. We introduce Ockhamism, Peirceanism, Actualism and T x W semantics, the four most relevant bivalent alternatives in this area, and compare them from the point of view of their expressiveness and their underlying metaphysics o…Read more
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36Equilibrium semantics of languages of imperfect informationAnnals of Pure and Applied Logic 161 (5): 618-631. 2010.In this paper, we introduce a new approach to independent quantifiers, as originally introduced in Informational independence as a semantic phenomenon by Hintikka and Sandu [9] under the header of independence-friendly languages. Unlike other approaches, which rely heavily on compositional methods, we shall analyze independent quantifiers via equilibriums in strategic games. In this approach, coined equilibrium semantics, the value of an IF sentence on a particular structure is determined by the…Read more
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36Romanian Studies in Philosophy of Science (edited book)Springer. 2015.This book presents a collection of studies by Romanian philosophers, addressing foundational issues currently debated in contemporary philosophy of science. It offers a historical survey of the tradition of scientific philosophy in Romania. It examines some problems in the foundations of logic, mathematics, linguistics, the natural and social sciences. Among the more specific topics, it discusses scientific explanation, models, and mechanisms, as well as memory, artifacts, and rules of research.…Read more
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34Jaakko Hintikka on Knowledge and Game Theoretical Semantics (edited book)Springer. 2018.This book focuses on the game-theoretical semantics and epistemic logic of Jaakko Hintikka. Hintikka was a prodigious and esteemed philosopher and logician, and his death in August 2015 was a huge loss to the philosophical community. This book, whose chapters have been in preparation for several years, is dedicated to the work of Jaako Hintikka, and to his memory. This edited volume consists of 23 contributions from leading logicians and philosophers, who discuss themes that span across the enti…Read more
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33If Logic, Game-Theoretical Semantics, and the Philosophy of ScienceIn S. Rahman J. Symons (ed.), Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science, Kluwer Academic Publisher. pp. 105--138. 2004.
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32Tarski’s Guilty Secret: CompositionalityVienna Circle Institute Yearbook 6 217-230. 1999.Tarski has exerted enormous influence not only on the development of mathematical logic, but on twentieth-century philosophy and philosophical analysis. This influence has been twofold, with the two components pulling in a sense in opposite directions. A comparison with the influence of the Vienna Circle provides an instructive vantage point in viewing Tarski’s influence. On the one hand, Tarski has provided powerful tools for logical analysis in philosophy. His first and most important contribu…Read more
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28This collects some of the remarks made at the 2016 Pacific APA Memorial session for Patrick Suppes and Jaakko Hintikka. The full list of speakers on behalf of these two philosophers: Dagfinn Follesdal; Dana Scott; Nancy Cartwright; Paul Humphreys; Juliet Floyd; Gabriel Sandu; John Symons.
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27Truth and definite truthAnnals of Pure and Applied Logic 126 (1-3): 49-55. 2004.In this paper we consider truth as a vague predicate and inquire into the relation between truth and definite truth. We use some tools from modal logic to clarify this distinction, as done in McGee . Finally, we consider the question whether some of the results given by McGee can be transferred to the case in which the underlying logic is stronger than first-order logic. The result will be seen to be negative
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27Logic and linguistics in the twentieth centuryIn Leila Haaparanta (ed.), The development of modern logic, Oxford University Press. 2009.This chapter begins with a discussion of the three phases of the interaction between logic and linguistics on the nature of universal grammar. It then attempts to reconstruct the dynamics and interactions between these approaches in logic and in linguistic theory, which represent the major landmarks in the quest for the individuation of the universal structure of language.
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26Probabilistic IF LogicIn Kamal Lodaya (ed.), Logic and its Applications, Springer. pp. 69--79. 2013.
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24Logic in Games, by van Benthem, Johan: Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2014, pp. xv + 547, US$50 (review)Australasian Journal of Philosophy 94 (3): 620-624. 2016.
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21Functions and Generality of Logic: Reflections on Dedekind's and Frege's Logicisms (edited book)Springer Verlag. 2015.Part I of Frege’s Grundgesetze is devoted to the “exposition [Darlegung]” of his formal system
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21The Skeleton in Frege's Cupboard: The Standard Versus Nonstandard DistinctionJournal of Philosophy 89 (6): 290. 1992.
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20Partiality and games: propositional logicLogic Journal of the IGPL 9 (1): 101-121. 2001.We study partiality in propositional logics containing formulas with either undefined or over-defined truth-values. Undefined values are created by adding a four-place connective W termed transjunction to complete models which, together with the usual Boolean connectives is shown to be functionally complete for all partial functions. Transjunction is seen to be motivated from a game-theoretic perspective, emerging from a two-stage extensive form semantic game of imperfect information between two…Read more
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19On a Combination of Truth and Probability: Probabilistic Independence-Friendly LogicIn Alexandru Manafu (ed.), The Prospects for Fusion Emergence, Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science, Vol. 313. 2015.
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17numbers as in the following example ♦1,1♦1,2 2,3 5,4p We denote the set of formulas of this modal language by M L(k). For each modality type i, there will be an accessibility relation Ri. That is, an k-ary modal structure for the modal propositional language L will have the form..
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17Entre logique et langageVrin. 2009.Linguistique et philosophie logique du langage: deux traditions de pensee que bien des choses opposent. La premiere est plutot mentaliste, et orientee vers l'etude de la syntaxe; la seconde, plus preoccupee de semantique, cherche volontiers le sens dans les conditions de verite des phrases. Ce portrait n'est pas faux, mais il est incomplet: entre logique et linguistique, les relations n'ont pas ete, ne sont pas que d'opposition. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs proposent une sorte d'histoire concep…Read more
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16Quantification and Anaphora in Natural LanguageIn Richard Schantz (ed.), Prospects for Meaning, Walter De Gruyter. pp. 609-628. 2012.
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15Partially ordered connectives and finite graphsIn M. Krynicki, M. Mostowski & L. Szczerba (eds.), Quantifiers: Logics, Models and Computation, Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 79--88. 1995.
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13Ramsey and the notion of arbitrary functionIn Maria J. Frapolli Sanz (ed.), F. P. Ramsey. Critical Reassessments, Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 237-256. 2005.In his article The Foundations of Mathematics (1925) Ramsey was concerned with the nature of the statements of 'pure mathematics' and the way these statements differ from those in empirical sciences. He thought that the answer given to these questions by Hilbert and the formalist school according to which mathematical statements are meaningless formulas, is unsatisfactory for several reasons, which will not be discussed here. He also expressed serious doubts about the intuitionist program develop…Read more
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13The logic of informational independence and finite modelsLogic Journal of the IGPL 5 (1): 79-95. 1997.In this paper we relax the assumption that the logical constants of ordinary first-order logic be linearly ordered. As a consequence, we shall have formulas involving not only partially ordered quantifiers, but also partially ordered connectives. The resulting language, called the language of informational independence will be given an interpretation in terms of games of imperfect information. The II-logic will be seen to have some interesting properties: It is very natural to define in this log…Read more
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11entities in mathematics There is a line of argument which keeps ontological commitments to the minimum by making use of conservativity results. The argument goes back to Hilbert who set its general frame. Hilbert’s concern was with certain abstract (ideal) entities in mathematics but the argument has been applied without discrimination to avoid ontological commitment to mathematical entities in physics (Field) or to avoid an ontological commitment to substantial properties in the case of truth (…Read more
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11There is a line of argument which aims to show that certain ontological claims are harmless by making use of conservativity results. The argument goes back to Hilbert who set its general frame. Hilbert’s concern was with certain abstract (ideal) entities in mathematics but the argument has been applied without discrimination to avoid ontological commitment to abstract entities in physics (Field) or to avoid ontological commitment to semantical properties like truth (Shapiro).
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University of HelsinkiDepartment of Philosophy (Theoretical Philosophy, Practical Philosophy, Philosophy in Swedish)Retired faculty
Areas of Specialization
Philosophy of Language |
Logic and Philosophy of Logic |
Philosophy of Mathematics |
Science, Logic, and Mathematics |