•  276
    Epistemic Agency
    Journal of Philosophy 110 (11): 585-605. 2013.
  •  123
    Varieties of Causation
    Grazer Philosophische Studien 11 (1): 93-103. 1980.
    According to nomological accounts of causation causal connections among events or states must be mediated by contingent laws of nature. Three types of causal connection are cited and discussed in opposition to such nomological accounts: (a) material causation (as when a zygote is generated by the union of an ovum and a sperm); (b) consequentialist causation (as when an apple is chromatically colored as a result of being red); (c) inclusive causation (as when a board is on a stump in consequence …Read more
  • Response
    In John Greco (ed.), Ernest Sosa: And His Critics, Oxford: Blackwell. 2004.
  •  69
    Internal Foundations or Eaternal Virtues?
    Philosophical Studies 131 (3): 761-773. 2006.
  •  29
    A Rejoinder on Actions and De Re Belief
    with Mark Pastin
    Canadian Journal of Philosophy 11 (4). 1981.
    Richard Feldman in ‘Actions and De Re Beliefs’ attacks ‘latitudinarian’ accounts of de re belief in terms of de dicta belief, including those defended in print by one or the other of us. Feldman's case against latitudinarian views rests on the claim that such accounts do not allow de re attitudes an explanatory role they obviously can fulfil.
  •  66
    On Metaphysical Analysis
    Journal of Philosophical Research 40 (Supplement): 309-314. 2015.
    What follows offers a solution for the problem of causal deviance in its three varieties. We consider Davidson on action, Grice on perception, and the account of knowledge as apt belief, as belief that gets it right through competence rather than luck. We take up the opposition between such traditional accounts and “disjunctivist” alternatives. And we explore how our take on the point and substance of metaphysical analysis bears on the problem and on competing reactions to it.
  •  52
    The Relevance of Moore and Wittgenstein
    In Albert Casullo & Joshua C. Thurow (eds.), The a Priori in Philosophy, Oxford University Press. pp. 186. 2013.
  • Philosophical Scepticism
    Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume 68 263-307. 1994.
  •  78
    Imagery and Imagination
    Grazer Philosophische Studien 25 (1): 485-499. 1985.
    1. Sensa and propositional experience. 2. An option between propositions and properties (as objects or contents of sensory experience). 3. The property option and adverbialism. 4. Sensa as images, images as intentionalia. 5. Do we refer directly to sensa? 6. Focusing and the supervenience of images and our reference to them: a question raised. 7. Internal and external properties of images and characters. Strict vistas introduced. 8. A correction on strict vistas. 9. Focusing and experience: the …Read more
  •  7
    Metaphysics: An Anthology, 1st Edition (edited book)
    Wiley-Blackwell. 1999.
    Thoroughly updated, the second edition of this highly successful textbook continues to represent the most comprehensive and authoritative collection of canonical readings in metaphysics. In addition to updated material from the first edition, it presents entirely new sections on ontology and the metaphysics of material objects. One of the most comprehensive and authoritative metaphysics anthologies available - now updated and expanded Offers the most important contemporary works on the central i…Read more
  •  106
    Responses to four critics
    Philosophical Studies 166 (3): 625-636. 2013.
    This alleged disagreement is only verbal, however, given my anti-intellectualist conception of a suitably broad category of ‘‘belief.’’ Although this broad conception figures large in my earlier writings, it figures not at all in the book under discussion, which helps explain H&H’s reaction. Here now is how I make the relevant distinctions and try to clarify what reflective knowledge amounts to, and how it comes in degrees
  •  15
    Précis of A Virtue Epistemology
    Philosophical Studies 143 (3): 395-395. 2009.
  •  112
    Human knowledge, animal and reflective
    Philosophical Studies 106 (3). 2001.
    Stephen Grimm finds me inclined to bifurcate epistemic assessment into higher and lower orders while showing awareness of this only in recent writings. Two untoward consequences allegedly follow: (a) my rejection of Virtue Reliabilism, and (b) my knowledge-based account of the value attaching to our knowledge on the higher level. By contrast, Grimm considers Virtue Reliabilism a perfectly adequate account of knowledge, while the higher epistemic state he believes to be, rather, understanding, wh…Read more
  •  28
    Presuppositions of Empirical Knowledge
    Philosophical Papers 15 (2-3): 75-87. 1986.
    No abstract
  •  29
    Reflective Knowledge in the Best Circles
    Journal of Philosophy 94 (8): 410. 1997.
  •  15
    Minimal Intuition
    In Michael DePaul & William Ramsey (eds.), Rethinking Intuition, Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 257-269. 1998.
  •  84
    Polyfacetic epistemology would answer the skeptic, provide how-to-think manuals, explain how we know, and more. To some it is the project of assuring oneself, of validating one's knowledge or supposed knowledge, turning it into real and assured knowledge, thus defeating the skeptic. To others it is a set of rules or instructions, a guide to the perplexed, a manual for conducting the intellect. To others yet it is a meta-discipline, but one whose purpose is not nearly so much guidance as understa…Read more
  •  66
    Proper Functionalism and Virtue Epistemology (review)
    In Jonathan L. Kvanvig (ed.), Warrant in Contemporary Epistemology, Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 253-270. 1996.
    Comprehensive and packed, Alvin Plantinga's two-volume treatise defies sum- mary. The first volume, Warrant: Current Views, is a meticulous critical survey of epistemology today. Many current approaches are presented and exhaustively discussed, and a negative verdict is passed on each in turn. This prepares the way for volume two, Warrant and Proper Function, where a positive view is advanced and developed in satisfying detail. The cumulative result is most impressive, and should command attenti…Read more
  •  74
    Fregean reference defended
    Philosophical Issues 6 91-99. 1995.
    What is involved in acquiring a russellian proposition (x, φ) as content of an attitude: what does it take for one to acquire such an attitude de re? How do we gain access to x itself so as to be able to have (x, φ) as content of our thought?
  •  22
    Formas diferentes de externalismo epistemológico são discutidas. O conceito de rastreamento é analisado, e o papel do conceito de virtude epistêmica é investigado.In this paper different forms of epistemological externalism are discussed. The concept of tracking is analyzed, and the role of the concept of epistemic virtue is investi-gated
  • Condition
    In Audi Robert (ed.), The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, Cambridge University Press. pp. 149. 1995.
  •  98
    Serious philosophy and freedom of spirit
    Journal of Philosophy 84 (12): 707-726. 1987.
    I wish to lay out a view of “serious” philosophy, and to consider recent attacks on that view from the side of the “free spirited” philosophy: deconstruction and textualism, hermeneutics, critical theory, and the new pragma-tism. Without defining what all forms of freedom have in common, I shall draw from them a combined critique against seriousness. I will also examine, occasionally and in passing, positive ideas conjured up by the free. But mainly I wish to consider their combined critique of …Read more
  •  11
    Knowledge (review)
    Journal of Philosophy 73 (20): 812-821. 1976.