-
70Calculus CL as a Formal SystemIn Ahti Veikko Pietarinen, Peter Chapman, Leonie Bosveld-de Smet, Valeria Giardino, James Corter & Sven Linker (eds.), Diagrammatic Representation and Inference. Diagrams 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 12169. 2020., . pp. 445-460. 2020.In recent years CL diagrams inspired by Lange’s Cubus Logicus have been used in various contexts of diagrammatic reasoning. However, whether CL diagrams can also be used as a formal system seemed questionable. We present a CL diagram as a formal system, which is a fragment of propositional logic. Syntax and semantics are presented separately and a variant of bitstring semantics is applied to prove soundness and completeness of the system.
-
26Functions, Malfunctioning, and Negative CausationIn Antonio Piccolomini D’Aragona, Martin Carrier, Roger Deulofeu, Axel Gelfert, Jens Harbecke, Paul Hoyningen-Huene, Lara Huber, Peter Hucklenbroich, Ludger Jansen, Elizaveta Kostrova, Keizo Matsubara, Anne Sophie Meincke, Andrea Reichenberger, Kian Salimkhani & Javier Suárez (eds.), Philosophy of Science: Between the Natural Sciences, the Social Sciences, and the Humanities, Springer Verlag. pp. 117-135. 2018.Functional explanations apply not only in cases of normal functioning, but also in the case of malfunctioning. According to a straightforward analysis, a bearer of the function to F is malfunctioning if and only if it does not F although it should do so. This makes malfunctions and malfunctionings analogous to negative causation and thus peculiarly problematic, because they seem to involve absent dispositions and absent processes. This analysis seems also to require that the function to F cannot…Read more
-
28Philosophy 101 in the alexandrian school, fifth century ad - (m.) chase (trans.) Ammonius: Interpretation of Porphyry's introduction to Aristotle's five terms. Pp. VIII + 200. London and new York: Bloomsbury academic, 2020. Cased, £85. Isbn: 978-1-350-08922-8 (review)The Classical Review 70 (2): 360-362. 2020.
-
84Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation (edited book)Routledge. 2021.Introducing formal causation / Ludger Jansen and Petter Sandstad -- Form, intention, information : from scholastic logic to artificial intelligence / Gyula Klima -- Formal causation : accidental and substantial / David S. Oderberg -- A non-hylomorphic account of formal causation / Petter Sandstad and Ludger Jansen -- Formal causes for powers theorists / Giacomo Giannini and Stephen Mumford -- Away with dispositional essences in trope theory / Jani Hakkarainen and Markku Keinänen -- Functional po…Read more
-
10Aristoteles’ Kategorie des Relativen zwischen Dialektik und OntologieHistory of Philosophy & Logical Analysis 9 (1): 79-104. 2006.
-
8Niko Strobach: The Moment of Change. A Systematic History in the Philosophy of Space and TimeHistory of Philosophy & Logical Analysis 4 (1): 205-211. 2001.
-
52Functions and Kinds of Art Works and Other ArtifactsGrazer Philosophische Studien 96 (1): 1-18. 2019.Currently, there is not yet a full-fledged philosophical sub-discipline devoted to artifacts. In order to establish such a general philosophical discourse on artifacts, two topics are of special importance: artifact functionality and artifact categorization. Both are central to the question of what artifacts are in general and in particular. This introduction first presents the current state of the art in the debates on functions, both in general and in the domain of artifacts in particular. It …Read more
-
52Philosophy of Science: Between the Natural Sciences, the Social Sciences, and the Humanities (edited book)Springer Verlag. 2018.This broad and insightful book presents current scholarship in important subfields of philosophy of science and addresses an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary readership. It groups carefully selected contributions into the four fields of I) philosophy of physics, II) philosophy of life sciences, III) philosophy of social sciences and values in science, and IV) philosophy of mathematics and formal modeling. Readers will discover research papers by Paul Hoyningen-Huene, Keizo Matsubara, Kian…Read more
-
38Gruppen und Institutionen. Eine Ontologie des SozialenSpringer. 2016.Was ist das Sein des Sozialen? Was konstituiert die Existenz von Gruppen und Institutionen, ihre Identität und Dauer in der Zeit? Dieses Buch resümiert den aktuellen Diskussionsstand der Sozialontologie und argumentiert für eine Ontologie des Sozialen, die sowohl formellen als auch informellen Institutionen gerecht wird. Es schlägt dafür eine Synthese aus Positionen vor, die in der gegenwärtigen Diskussion mit den Namen von John Searle und Margaret Gilbert verbunden sind.
-
335Die Unzulänglichkeit von Richard Swinburnes Versuch, die Existenz einer Seele modallogisch zu beweisenZeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung 53 (2). 1999.Die Zeiten, in denen der Leib-Seele-Dualismus als Ansatz der Philosophie des Geistes durch ein herrschendes Dogma als diskussionsunwürdig galt, sind vorbei. Der Dualismus darf wieder diskutiert werden. Er muß diskutiert werden, wenn in diskussionswürdiger Strenge für ihn argumentiert wird – auch wenn das, wie sich zeigen wird, manchmal ein ziemlich technisches Geschäft ist. In diesem Sinne soll im folgenden Richard Swinburnes Versuch behandelt werden, die Existenz einer Seele und damit die Wahrh…Read more
-
426We are no plural subjectProtoSociology 35 167-196. 2018.In "On Social Facts" (1989) and subsequent works, Margaret Gilbert has suggested a plural subject account of the semantics of ‘we’ that claims that a central or standard use of ‘we’ is to refer to an existing or anticipated plural subject. This contrasts with the more general approach to treat plural pronouns as expressions referring to certain pluralities. I argue that (i) the plural subject approach cannot account for certain syntactic phenomena and that (ii) the sense of intimacy, which Gilbe…Read more
-
705In Silico Approaches and the Role of Ontologies in Aging ResearchRejuvenation Research 16 (6): 540-546. 2013.The 2013 Rostock Symposium on Systems Biology and Bioinformatics in Aging Research was again dedicated to dissecting the aging process using in silico means. A particular focus was on ontologies, as these are a key technology to systematically integrate heterogeneous information about the aging process. Related topics were databases and data integration. Other talks tackled modeling issues and applications, the latter including talks focussed on marker development and cellular stress as well as …Read more
-
51Peter van Inwagen: Materialism, Free Will and God (edited book)Springer. 2018.This book discusses the philosophy of influential contemporary philosopher Peter van Inwagen. Looking at perennial philosophical problems from a modern point of view, Peter van Inwagen’s philosophy masterfully combines positions that have been considered irreconcilable: incompatibilism concerning free will, materialism, organicism, theism and realism concerning fictional entities. As readers will discover, his arguments are witty, surprising and deep. The book includes Peter van Inwagen’s Münste…Read more
-
334Permanent generic relatedness and silent changeIn Niels Grewe, Ludger Jansen & Barry Smith (eds.), Formal Ontology and Information Systems, Ceur, Vol. 1060. pp. 1-5. 2016.Given the assertion of a relation between two types, like: “Epidermis has part some Keratinocyte”, we define silent change as any kind of change of the instance-relata of the relation in question that does not change the truth-value of the respective type-level assertion. Such assertions are notoriously difficult to model in OWL 2. To address this problem, we distinguish different modes of type-level relatedness giving rise to this problem and describe a conservative extension to the BFO top-le…Read more
-
52Potentialität als Grund von ModalitätDeutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 65 (3): 589-594. 2017.Name der Zeitschrift: Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie Jahrgang: 65 Heft: 3 Seiten: 589-594.
-
31Constructed RealityIn Katharina Neges, Josef Mitterer, Sebastian Kletzl & Christian Kanzian (eds.), Realism - Relativism - Constructivism: Proceedings of the 38th International Wittgenstein Symposium in Kirchberg, De Gruyter. pp. 255-268. 2017.A popular argument goes thus: This is a construction, hence it is not real. Adding an appropriate adjective (social, mental, human, …) in front of “construction” or cognate terms like “(legal) fiction” yields a whole family of related arguments, all of which, or so I will argue, are fallacious. Contrary to popular opinion, these arguments fail both on the epistemic and the ontic sense of construction. Ontic constructions exist at least at one point in time, while epistemic constructions may well…Read more
-
64A Plural Subject Approach to the Responsibilities of Groups and InstitutionsMidwest Studies in Philosophy 38 (1): 91-102. 2014.Margaret Gilbert has defended the claim that her plural subject theory can give a reasonable account of retrospective (or backward-looking) collective responsibility. On one occasion, publishing in this periodical, she writes that she deliberately left out the discussion of prospective (or forward-looking) collective responsibility, or the “responsibilities” of a collective. In the present paper, I want to show that plural subject theory, in fact, also allows accounting for prospective responsi…Read more
-
15Using ontologies to study cell transitionsIn M. Boeker, H. Herre, R. Hoehndorf & F. Loebe (eds.), OBML 2012. Workshop Proceedings. Dresden, September 27-28, . 2012.BACKGROUND Understanding, modelling and influencing the transition between different states of cells, be it reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency or trans-differentiation between cells, is a hot topic in current biomedical and cell-biological research. Nevertheless, the large body of published knowledge in this area is underused, as most results are only represented in natural language, impeding their finding, comparison, aggregation, and usage. Scientific understanding of the complex …Read more
-
20OBJECTIVE: (a) To measure the effect of a guideline-based training on the performance of ontology developers compared with the performance after unspecific training by a competency question based evaluation; and (b) to provide empirical evidence for the applicability of competency questions in formal ontology evaluation in general. BACKGROUND: A close connection between ontology development and ontology evaluation as quality management procedure can been attained with the use of competency quest…Read more
-
301Jeffrey S. Siker, Scripture and Ethics. Twentieth-Century Portraits (review)Zeitschrift für MediZiNische Ethik (45): 85-87. 1999.This is a review of Siker's book, evaluating the use of scripture and biblical references by important authors in theological ethics.
-
36Teaching Good Biomedical Ontology DesignIn Ronald Cornet & Robert Stevens (eds.), International Conference for Biomedical Ontologies (ICBO 2012), KR-MED Series, Graz, Austria July 21-25, 2012, . 2012.Background: In order to improve ontology quality, tool- and language-related tutorials are not sufficient. Care must be taken to provide optimized curricula for teaching the representational language in the context of a semantically rich upper level ontology. The constraints provided by rigid top and upper level models assure that the ontologies built are not only logically consistent but also adequately represent the domain of discourse and align to explicitly outlined ontological principles. …Read more
-
384The master argument of Diodorus CronusIn Michael Bruce & Steven Barbone (eds.), Just the Arguments: 100 of the Most Important Arguments in Western Philosophy, Wiley-blackwell. 2011.
-
35Grains, Components and Mixtures in Biomedical OntologiesJournal of Biomedical Semantics 2 (4). 2011.BACKGROUND In biomedical ontologies, mereological relations have always been subject to special interest due to their high relevance in structural descriptions of anatomical entities, cells, and biomolecules. This paper investigates two important subrelations of has_proper_part, viz. the relation has_grain, which relates a collective entity to its multiply occurring uniform parts (e.g., water molecules in a portion of water), and the relation has_component, which relates a compound to its consti…Read more
-
190Reinhold Esterbauer, Verlorene Zeit - wider eine Einheitswissenschaft von Natur und Gott (review)Theologische Beiträge 29 289-290. 1998.
-
25Dispositions, Laws, and Categories A Critical Study of E. J. Lowe’s The Four-Category OntologyMetaphysica 8 (2): 211-220. 2007.After a short sketch of Lowe's account of his four basic categories, I discuss his theory of formal ontological relations and how Lowe wants to account for dispositional predications. I argue that on the ontic level Lowe is a pan-categoricalist, while he is a language dualist and an exemplification dualist with regard to the dispositional/categorical distinction. I argue that Lowe does not present an adequate account of disposition. From an Aristotelian point of view, Lowe conflates dispositiona…Read more
-
615Die Struktur der Substanz bei Thomas von AquinIn Gianluigi Segalerba, Antonella Lang-Balestra & Holger Gutschmidt (eds.), Substantia – Sic et Non. Eine Geschichte des Substanzbegriffs von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart in Einzelbeiträgen, Ontos. pp. 181-209. 2008.Starting from the early treatise "On Being and Essence", I review issues concerning substances composed of matter and form: their hylomorphic composition, individuation, essence as part and as whole, and the analogy between genus/difference and matter/form. Then I discuss substances separated from matter, which may range from human souls and angels (or intelligences) to God. I then turn to Aquinas's later 'Summa Theologica', where he argues that in the end God cannot possibly belong to the categ…Read more
-
242Niko Strobach, The Moment of Change (review)Philosophiegeschichte Und Logische Analyse 4 205-211. 2001.This paper is a critical study of Strobach's (1998) monograph. I argue that Strobach's analysis of Aristotle's concept of the primary time of an event is to narrow and that it unnecessarily excludes activities (which Aristotle calls energeia as opposed to kinesis). Special attention is also given to Strobach's definition and use of his State-prefix and to the formalization of his concept of empirical limes.
-
494Reading for the Good Life?In Angela Kallhoff (ed.), Martha C. Nussbaum: Ethics and Political Philosophy: Lecture and Colloquium in Münster 2000, Distributed in North America By Transaction Publishers. pp. 4--119. 2001.
Ludger Jansen
PTH Brixen College
Universität Rostock
-
PTH Brixen CollegeProfessor
-