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490Studying While Black: Trust, Opportunity and DisrespectDu Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 11 (1): 109-136. 2014.How should we explore the relationship between race and educational opportunity? One approach to the Black-White achievement gap explores how race and class cause disparities in access and opportunity. In this paper, I consider how education contributes to the creation of race. Considering examples of classroom micropolitics, I argue that breakdowns of trust and trustworthiness between teachers and students can cause substantial disadvantages and, in the contemporary United States, this happens …Read more
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680Racism, Ideology, and Social MovementsRes Philosophica 94 (1): 1-22. 2017.Racism, sexism, and other forms of injustice are more than just bad attitudes; after all, such injustice involves unfair distributions of goods and resources. But attitudes play a role. How central is that role? Tommie Shelby, among others, argues that racism is an ideology and takes a cognitivist approach suggesting that ideologies consist in false beliefs that arise out of and serve pernicious social conditions. In this paper I argue that racism is better understood as a set of practices, atti…Read more
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4945What good are our intuitions: Philosophical analysis and social kindsAristotelian Society Supplementary Volume 80 (1): 89-118. 2006.Across the humanities and social sciences it has become commonplace for scholars to argue that categories once assumed to be “natural” are in fact “social” or, in the familiar lingo, “socially constructed”. Two common examples of such categories are race and gender, but there many others. One interpretation of this claim is that although it is typically thought that what unifies the instances of such categories is some set of natural or physical properties, instead their unity rests on social fe…Read more
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618Ideology, Generics, and Common GroundIn Charlotte Witt (ed.), Feminist Metaphysics, Springer Verlag. pp. 179--207. 2010.Are sagging pants cool? Are cows food? Are women more submissive than men? Are blacks more criminal than whites? Taking the social world at face value, many people would be tempted to answer these questions in the affirmative. And if challenged, they can point to facts that support their answers. But there is something wrong about the affirmative answers. In this chapter, I draw on recent ideas in the philosophy of language and metaphysics to show how the assertion of a generic claim of the sort…Read more
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75Future Genders? Future Races?Philosophic Exchange 34 (1): 1-24. 2004.Gender is the social meaning of a person’s sex, and race is the social meaning of a person’s color. This paper reviews some accounts of these social meanings. It is argued that there are important differences between race and gender that count against treating them as parallel.
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253The framing question of Mills' important and thought-provoking paper is whether there is reason for political progressives and radicals to employ the notion of a social contract for either descriptive or normative purposes. In contrast to the common response that the social contract is a piece of "bourgeois mystification" he argues instead that a reformulated conception of the contract, one which he calls the.
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107• Ongoing concerns about time to acceptance/rejection and time to publication. o NB: Schemas kick in when people are rushed. How does this affect the refereeing process? Does it matter for desk rejections, which may be quick and based on nonanonymized papers? Does it also affect referees? How?
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69On being objective and being objectifiedIn Louise Antony & Charlotte Witt (eds.), A Mind of One's Own, Westview Press. pp. 209--53. 2002.
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34Gender and Social Construction: Who? What? When? Where? How?Theorizing Feminisms 16--23. forthcoming.
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661Language and RaceIn Gillian Russell Delia Graff Fara (ed.), The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Language, Routledge. pp. 753-767. 2012.What is the point of language? If we begin with that abstract question, we may be tempted towards a high-minded answer: “People say things to get other people to come to know things that they didn't know before” (Stalnaker, 2002, 703). The point is truth, knowledge, communication. If we begin with a concrete question, “What has language to do with race?” we find a different point: to attack, spread hatred, create racial hierarchy. The mere practice of racial categorization is controversial: are …Read more
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715Resisting Reality: Social Construction and Social CritiqueOxford University Press. 2012.In this collection of previously published essays, Sally Haslanger draws on insights from feminist and critical race theory and on the resources of contemporary analytic philosophy to develop the idea that gender and race are positions ...
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531Philosophical analysis and social kindsProceedings of the Aristotelian Society 106 (1): 89-118. 2006.[Sally Haslanger] In debates over the existence and nature of social kinds such as 'race' and 'gender', philosophers often rely heavily on our intuitions about the nature of the kind. Following this strategy, philosophers often reject social constructionist analyses, suggesting that they change rather than capture the meaning of the kind terms. However, given that social constructionists are often trying to debunk our ordinary (and ideology-ridden?) understandings of social kinds, it is not surp…Read more
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399Language, Politics, and “The Folk”: Looking for “The Meaning” of ‘Race’The Monist 93 (2): 169-187. 2010.Contemporary discussions of race and racism devote considerable effort to giving conceptual analyses of these notions. Much of the work is concerned to investigate a priori what we mean by the terms ‘ race ’ and ‘racism’ ; more recent work has started to employ empirical methods to determine the content of our “folk concepts,” or “folk theory” of race and racism. In contrast to both of these projects, I have argued elsewhere that in considering what we mean by these terms we should treat them on…Read more
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1732Feminism in metaphysics: Negotiating the naturalIn Miranda Fricker & Jennifer Hornsby (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Feminism in Philosophy, Cambridge University Press. pp. 107--126. 2000.
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156I’ll start by giving a very brief summary of Sider’s position and will identify some points on which my own position differs from his. I’ll then raise four issues, viz., how to articulate the 3-dimensionalist view, the trade-offs between Ted’s stage view of persistence and endurance with respect to intrinsic properties, the endurantist’s response to the argument from vagueness, and finally more general questions about what’s at stake in the debate. I don’t believe that anything I say raises insu…Read more
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931What is a (social) structural explanation?Philosophical Studies 173 (1): 113-130. 2016.A philosophically useful account of social structure must accommodate the fact that social structures play an important role in structural explanation. But what is a structural explanation? How do structural explanations function in the social sciences? This paper offers a way of thinking about structural explanation and sketches an account of social structure that connects social structures with structural explanation
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1749Persistence through timeIn Michael J. Loux & Dean W. Zimmerman (eds.), The Oxford handbook of metaphysics, Oxford University Press. pp. 315--354. 2003.
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71Gender, patriotism, and the events of 9/11Peace Review 15 (4): 457-461. 2003.In the weeks after 9/11/01, the events of that day were described in many ways. One of the most significant "spins" came from the government: initially the events were described as "a terrorist attack," but not long after they became an "act of war". We were told that what occurred was not a crime to be addressed by punishing the perpetrators, but an attack on a nation-state which requires us to take up arms against the enemy.
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281Feminism and Metaphysics: Unmasking Hidden OntologiesApa Newsletter on Feminism and Philosophy 99 (2): 192--196. 2000.Unlike feminist ethics, or feminist political philosophy, or even feminist epistemology and philosophy of science, feminist metaphysics cannot be said (yet!) to have standing as a full-fledged sub-discipline of either philosophy or feminist theory. Although one can find both undergraduate and graduate courses devoted to the other sub-fields just mentioned, a course in feminist metaphysics is a rare find; and there are few professional philosophers who would consider listing in their areas of spe…Read more
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563"But mom, crop-tops are cute!" Social knowledge, social structure and ideology critiquePhilosophical Issues 17 (1). 2007.
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98Ontology and Pragmatic ParadoxProceedings of the Aristotelian Society 92. 1992.Sally Haslanger; XIV*—Ontology and Pragmatic Paradox, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 92, Issue 1, 1 June 1992, Pages 293–314, https://doi.org/1.
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873Changing the Ideology and Culture of Philosophy: Not by Reason (Alone)Hypatia 23 (2): 210-223. 2008.
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1595What knowledge is and what it ought to be: Feminist values and normative epistemologyPhilosophical Perspectives 13 459-480. 1999.
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322Race, intersectionality, and method: a reply to criticsPhilosophical Studies 171 (1): 109-119. 2013.It is a great honor to have such excellent commentary on my book, and I am happy to have the opportunity to discuss these issues with others who have done such important work on the topics. I will reply to the commentaries separately, beginning with the critique by Charles Mills (2013) and moving on to Karen Jones’s (2013). Reply to MillsRevisiting my projectMills considers four views that pose challenges to my account of race as a hierarchical social category.(1) Kitcher (2007) and Andreasen (1…Read more
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