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605The Animal and the Infant: From Embodiment and Empathy to GenerativityIn Sara Heinämaa, Mirja Hartimo & Timo Miettinen (eds.), Phenomenology and the Transcendental, Routledge. pp. 129-146. 2014.
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343 The body as instrument and as expressionIn Claudia Card (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Simone de Beauvoir, Cambridge University Press. pp. 66. 2003.
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157 Psychoanalysis of Things: Objective Meanings or Subjective Projections?In Christine Daigle & Jacob Golomb (eds.), Beauvoir and Sartre: The Riddle of Influence, Indiana University Press. pp. 128. 2009.
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13An Unorthodox Approach to The Second SexIn Shannon M. Mussett & William S. Wilkerson (eds.), Beauvoir and Western Thought From Plato to Butler, State University of New York Press. pp. 125. 2012.
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552“An Equivocal Couple Overwhelmed by Life”: A Phenomenological Analysis of PregnancyphiloSOPHIA: A Journal of Continental Feminism 4 (1): 12-49. 2014.In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:“An Equivocal Couple Overwhelmed by Life”A Phenomenological Analysis of PregnancySara HeinämaaTwo conceptions of human generativity prevail in contemporary feminist philosophy. First, several contributors argue that the experience of pregnancy, when analyzed by phenomenological tools, undermines several distinctions that are central to Western philosophy, most importantly the subject-object distinction and the self-other and own-alie…Read more
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56Simone de Beauvoir's Phenomenology of Sexual DifferenceHypatia 14 (4): 114-132. 1999.The paper argues that the philosophical starting point of Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex is the phenomenological understanding of the living body, developed by Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. It shows that Beauvoir's notion of philosophy stems from the phenomenological interpretation of Cartesianism which emphasizes the role of evidence, self-criticism, and dialogue.
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185Merleau-ponty's modification of phenomenology: Cognition, passion and philosophySynthese 118 (1): 49-68. 1999.This paper problematizes the analogy that Hubert Dreyfus has presented between phenomenology and cognitive science. It argues that Dreyfus presents Merleau-Ponty''s modification of Husserl''s phenomenology in a misleading way. He ignores the idea of philosophy as a radical interrogation and self-responsibility that stems from Husserl''s work and recurs in Merleau-Ponty''s Phenomenology of Perception. The paper focuses on Merleau-Ponty''s understanding of the phenomenological reduction. It shows …Read more
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1961Transformations of Old Age: Selfhood, Normativity, and TimeIn Silvia Stoller (ed.), Simone de Beauvoir’s Philosophy of Age: Gender, Ethics, De Gruyter. pp. 167-87. 2014.
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11New Perspectives on Aristotelianism and its Critics (edited book)Brill. 2014.New Perspectives on Aristotelianism and Its Critics traces Aristotelian influences in modern and pre-modern discourses on knowledge, rights, and the good life. The contributions offer new insights on contemporary discussions on life in its cognitive, political, and ethical dimensions
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The Background of Simone de Beauvoir's Metaphysical Novel: Kierkegaard and HusserlActa Philosophica Fennica 79 175. 2006.
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28Review of Taylor Carman, Merleau-Ponty (review)Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2010 (10). 2010.
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10Beauvoir and HusserlIn Shannon M. Mussett & William S. Wilkerson (eds.), Beauvoir and Western Thought From Plato to Butler, State University of New York Press. pp. 125-151. 2012.
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1299Merleau-Ponty: A Phenomenological Philosophy of Mind and BodyIn Andrew Bailey (ed.), Philosophy of mind: the key thinkers, Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 59-83. 2014.
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31Was ist eine Frau? Butler und Beauvoir über die Grundlagen der GeschlechterdifferenzDie Philosophin 10 (20): 62-83. 1999.
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90Sex, Gender, and EmbodimentIn Dan Zahavi (ed.), The Oxford handbook of contemporary phenomenology, Oxford University Press. 2012.This chapter develops an alternative to the dominant articulation of human existence on the basis of classical phenomenology, arguing that Edmund Husserl's phenomenological inquiries into the structures of embodiment provide a very different and more fruitful starting point for the investigation of sexual difference than the ideas of social gender and biological sex. The ways of classifying sex and gender characteristics mark them out on several different conceptual bases, and thus their categor…Read more
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19Personality, anonymity, and sexual difference: The temporal formation of the transcendental egoIn Christina Schües, Dorothea E. Olkowski & Helen A. Fielding (eds.), Time in Feminist Phenomenology, Indiana University Press. pp. 41. 2011.
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128Anonymity and personhood: Merleau-Ponty’s account of the subject of perceptionContinental Philosophy Review 48 (2): 123-142. 2015.Several commentators have argued that with his concept of anonymity Merleau-Ponty breaks away from classical Husserlian phenomenology that is methodologically tied to the first person perspective. Many contemporary commentators see Merleau-Ponty’s discourse on anonymity as a break away from Husserl’s framework that is seen as hopelessly subjectivistic and solipsistic. Some judge and reproach it as a disastrous misunderstanding that leads to a confusion of philosophical and empirical concerns. Bo…Read more
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70The self and the others: Common topics for Husserl and WittgensteinSouthern Journal of Philosophy 50 (2): 234-249. 2012.Several commentators have argued that Husserl's phenomenological project is compromised or even destroyed by Wittgenstein's critical inquiries into our use of psychological concepts. In contrast to oppositional interpretations, this paper explicates certain crucial connections between Husserl's phenomenology and Wittgenstein's late thinking—shared views that concern the embodied nature of selfhood and our relations to other selves. In line with certain recent contributions, I argue that there ar…Read more
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Cixous, Kristeva and Le Dœuff–Three “French Feminists.”In Alan D. Schrift (ed.), The History of Continental Philosophy, Routledge. pp. 6. 2010.
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6449Merleau-Ponty’s dialogue with Descartes: The living body and its position in metaphysicsIn Dan Zahavi, Sara Heinämaa & Hans Ruin (eds.), Metaphysics, Facticity, Interpretation: Phenomenology in the Nordic Countries, Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 23-48. 2003.
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329What is a Woman? Butler and Beauvoir on the Foundations of the Sexual DifferenceHypatia 12 (1): 20-39. 1997.The aim of this paper is to show that Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex has been mistakenly interpreted as a theory of gender, because interpreters have failed adequately to understand Beauvoir's aims. Beauvoir is not trying to explain facts, events, or states of affairs, but to reveal, unveil, or uncover (découvrir) meanings. She explicates the meanings of woman, female, and feminine. Instead of a theory, Beauvoir's book presents a phenomenological description of the sexual difference
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151Toward a Phenomenology of Sexual Difference: Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, BeauvoirRowman & Littlefield Publishers. 2003.Sara HeinSmaa rediscovers neglected passages of Le Duexi_me Sexe in her quest to follow Simone de Beauvoir's line of thinking. She finds the masterpiece to be grounded in the work of Husserl and Merleau-Ponty
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University of HelsinkiDepartment of Philosophy (Theoretical Philosophy, Practical Philosophy, Philosophy in Swedish)Researcher
Helsinki, Finland