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3The Paradox of Fatalism and Self-Creation in NietzscheIn Christopher Janaway (ed.), Willing and Nothingness: Schopenhauer as Nietzsche’s Educator, Clarendon Press. 1998.
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1327Nietzsche and Moral PsychologyIn Wesley Buckwalter & Justin Sytsma (eds.), Blackwell Companion to Experimental Philosophy, Blackwell. pp. 103-115. 2016.A remarkable number of Nietzsche's substantive moral psychological views have been borne out by evidence from the empirical sciences. Moral judgments are products of affects on Nietzsche's view, but the latter are in turn causally dependent upon more fundamental features of the individual. Nietzsche accepts a doctrine of types. The path is short from the acceptance of the Doctrine of Types to the acceptance of epiphenomenalism, as Leiter, and more recently, Riccardi argue. This chapter explains …Read more
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10Nietzsche's Postmoralism: Essays on Nietzsche's Prelude to Philosophy's FutureMind 112 (445): 175-178. 2003.
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120The Death of God and the Death of MoralityThe Monist 102 (3): 386-402. 2019.Nietzsche famously proclaimed the “death of God,” but in so doing it was not God’s death that was really notable—Nietzsche assumes that most reflective, modern readers realize that “the belief in the Christian god has become unbelievable” —but the implications of that belief becoming unbelievable, namely, “how much must collapse now that this faith has been undermined,” in particular, “the whole of our European morality”. What is the connection between the death of God and the death of morality?…Read more
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Realism, Hart Positivism, and Conceptual AnalysisIn Jules L. Coleman (ed.), Hart's Postscript: Essays on the Postscript to `the Concept of Law', Oxford University Press Uk. 2000.
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Nietzsche and the Morality CriticsIn John Richardson & Brian Leiter (eds.), Nietzsche, Oxford University Press. 2001.
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30Moral Psychology with NietzscheOxford University Press. 2019.Brian Leiter draws on empirical psychology to defend a set of radical ideas from Nietzsche: there is no objectively true morality, there is no free will, no one is ever morally responsible, and our conscious thoughts play almost no significant role in our actions. Nietzsche emerges as not just a great philosopher but a prescient psychologist.
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65Rorty’s Rejection of PhilosophyAnalyse & Kritik 41 (1): 23-30. 2019.I argue that the real puzzle about Richard Rorty’s intellectual development is not why he gave up on ‘analytic’ philosophy-he had never been much committed to that research agenda, even before it became moribund-but why, beginning with Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature (PMN), he gave up on the central concerns of philosophy going back to antiquity. In addition to Rorty’s published works, I draw on biographical information about Rorty’s undergraduate and graduate education to support this asses…Read more
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137The Truth Is TerribleJournal of Nietzsche Studies 49 (2): 151-173. 2018.The “terrible” existential truths about the human situation raise Schopenhauer's question: why continue living at all? Nietzsche's answer is that only viewed in terms of aesthetic values can life itself be “justified”. But how could the fact that life exemplifies aesthetic value restore our attachment to life in the face of these terrible existential truths? I suggest that there are two keys to understanding Nietzsche's answer: first, his assimilation of aesthetic pleasure to a kind of sublimate…Read more
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91The innocence of becoming: Nietzsche against guiltInquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 62 (1): 70-92. 2019.ABSTRACTI offer an interpretation of Nietzsche's striking idea of ‘the innocence of becoming’, and a partial defense of its import, namely, that no one is ever morally responsible or guilty for what they do and that many of the so-called reactive attitudes are misplaced. I focus primarily, though not exclusively, on the arguments as set out in Twilight of the Idols. First, there is Nietzsche's hypothesis, partly psychological and partly historical or anthropological, that the ideas of ‘free’ act…Read more
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25Nietzsche's Naturalism and Nineteenth-Century BiologyJournal of Nietzsche Studies 48 (1): 71-82. 2017.Christian Emden has written an informative if sometimes philosophically frustrating book about Nietzsche’s engagement with both neo-Kantian philosophers 1 and the life sciences from the 1840s onward. Emden documents the preceding with an eye to shedding light not only on Nietzsche’s naturalism, on “what does it mean to ‘translate humanity back into nature’” as Nietzsche put it in BGE, but also on what Emden calls “the problem of normativity,” variously stated as how to “obtain an understanding o…Read more
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23Nietzsche's Metaethics: Against the Privilege ReadingsEuropean Journal of Philosophy 8 (3): 277-297. 2000.
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1723. Moralities Are a Sign-Language of the AffectsIn João Constâncio (ed.), Nietzsche and the Problem of Subjectivity, De Gruyter. pp. 574-596. 2015.
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Nietzsche and the Critique of Morality: Philosophical Naturalism in Nietzsche's Theory of ValueDissertation, University of Michigan. 1995.In Chapters I-III, I argue that Nietzsche is a critic of "morality" in the sense of any system of values that has one or both of the following features: it presupposes the truth of certain descriptive claims about human agency, in the sense that for the evaluative categories to be intelligibly applied to persons these claims must be true ; it favors the interests of the "lowest" at the expense of the "highest" men, the embodiments of human excellence. I illustrate, in particular, how this latter…Read more
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3The Hermeneutics of Suspicion: Recovering Marx, Nietzsche, and FreudIn The future for philosophy, Oxford University Press. 2004.
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4Is there an american furisprudence?Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 17 (2): 367-387. 1997.BRIAN LEITER; Is There An ‘American’ Jurisprudence?, Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, Volume 17, Issue 2, 1 July 1997, Pages 367–387, https://doi.org/10.1093/oj.
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81Shapiro has recently argued that Dworkin posed a new objection to legal positivism in Law's Empire, to which positivists, he says, have not adequately responded. Positivists, the objection goes, have no satisfactory account of what Dworkin calls “theoretical disagreement” about law, that is, disagreement about “the grounds of law” or what positivists would call the criteria of legal validity. I agree with Shapiro that the critique is new, and disagree that it has not been met. Positivism can not…Read more
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77Nietzsche on MoralityRoutledge. 2002/2014.Both an introduction to Nietzsche’s moral philosophy, and a sustained commentary on his most famous work, On the Genealogy of Morality, this book has become the most widely used and debated secondary source on these topics over the past dozen years. Many of Nietzsche’s most famous ideas - the "slave revolt" in morals, the attack on free will, perspectivism, "will to power" and the "ascetic ideal" - are clearly analyzed and explained. The first edition established the centrality of naturalism to …Read more
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The topic this semester will be “methodology,” with special (but not exclusive) reference to the recent, voluminous literature on this topic in legal philosophy. There are two central questions: (1) Is there a distinctive method of philosophical inquiry? (2) What is the relationship between philosophical methods and the methods (and results) of the empirical sciences (broadly construed)?
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57Naturalism in legal philosophyStanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2008.The “naturalistic turn” that has swept so many areas of philosophy over the past three decades has also had an impact in the last decade in legal philosophy. Methodological naturalists (M-naturalists) view philosophy as continuous with empirical inquiry in the sciences. Some M-naturalists want to replace conceptual and justificatory theories with empirical and descriptive theories; they take their inspiration from more-or-less Quinean arguments against conceptual analysis and foundationalist pro…Read more
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45Reply to Five Critics of Why Tolerate Religion?Criminal Law and Philosophy 10 (3): 547-558. 2016.This is my contribution to a symposium on my book Why Tolerate Religion?, in which I respond to essays by François Boucher and Cécile Laborde, Frederick Schauer, Corey Brettschneider, and Peter Jones. I clarify and revise my view of the sense in which some religious beliefs are “insulated from reasons and evidence” in response to the criticisms of Boucher and Laborde, but take issue with other aspects of their critique. I defend most of my original argument against utilitarian and egalitarian ob…Read more
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300Moral Facts and Best ExplanationsSocial Philosophy and Policy 18 (2): 79. 2001.Do moral properties figure in the best explanatory account of the world? According to a popular realist argument, if they do, then they earn their ontological rights, for only properties that figure in the best explanation of experience are real properties. Although this realist strategy has been widely influential—not just in metaethics, but also in philosophy of mind and philosophy of science—no one has actually made the case that moral realism requires: namely, that moral facts really will fi…Read more
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University of ChicagoRegular Faculty
Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
Areas of Specialization
Meta-Ethics |
Philosophy of Law |
19th Century Philosophy |