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51Reply to my criticsPhilosophical Studies 89 (2-3): 355-366. 1998.To Carroll I say that nonrepresentational cinema is marginal in a way that nonrepresentational painting is not, and that films consisting of words only can be pictorial. Hence, my pictorial characterization of cinema is not as problematic as he suggests. To Gaut, I say that the cinematically relevant sense of imagining is not entertaining without asserting and that he underestimates the explanatory power of a simulation-based theory of imagination. He persuades me to modify some of my claims con…Read more
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114Literature and TruthfulnessIn James Maclaurin (ed.), Rationis Defensor, . pp. 23-31. 2012.How should we characterise the view that we can learn about the mind from literature? Should we say that such learning consists in acquiring knowledge of truths? That option is more attractive than it is sometimes made to seem by those who oppose propositional knowledge to practical knowledge or “knowing how”. But some writers on this topic—Lamarque and Olsen—argue that, while literature may express interesting propositions, it is not their truth that matters, but their “content”. Matters to wha…Read more
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12Pretence, Pretending and MetarepresentingMind and Language 13 (1): 35-55. 1998.I assess the claim that metarepresentation is a key notion in understanding the nature and development of our capacity to engage in pretence. I argue that the metarepresentational programme is unhelpful in explaining how pretence operates and, in particular, how agents distinguish pretence from belief. I sketch an alternative approach to the relations between pretending and believing. This depends on a distinction between pretending and pretence, and upon the claim that pretence stands to preten…Read more
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9D. H. Ruben [1985]: The Metaphysics of the Social World. Routledge and Kegan Paul. x + 189 pp. £14.95 (review)British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 38 (1): 127-132. 1987.
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Rationality, decentring, and the evidence for pretence in nonhuman animalsIn Susan Hurley & Matthew Nudds (eds.), Rational Animals?, Oxford University Press. 2006.
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78Realism of Character and the Value of FictionIn Jerrold Levinson (ed.), Aesthetics and Ethics: Essays at the Intersection, Cambridge University Press. pp. 161--81. 1998.
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Pretence and rationality: The case of non‐human animalsIn Arts and minds, Oxford University Press. 2004.Argues that pretence is one clear indication of rationality. Makes a suggestion about the kind of evidence of pretence in animals we should be looking for. This suggestion makes claims about pretence hard to justify by comparison with, say, claims about imitation; Appeals to Morgan's canon in defence of this stance. Suggests that we can learn something about pretence by connecting it with the phenomenon of seeing‐in. Finally, offers a speculation on the evolutionary history of the capacity that …Read more
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80Pretence, pretending, and metarepresentingMind and Language 13 (1): 35-55. 1998.I assess the claim that metarepresentation is a key notion in understanding the nature and development of our capacity to engage in pretence. I argue that the metarepresentational programme is unhelpful in explaining how pretence operates and, in particular, how agents distinguish pretence from belief. I sketch an alternative approach to the relations between pretending and believing. This depends on a distinction between pretending and pretence, and upon the claim that pretence stands to preten…Read more
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244Photography, painting and perceptionJournal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 49 (1): 23-29. 1991.
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Pretence and pretendingIn Arts and minds, Oxford University Press. 2004.Assesses the claim that metarepresentation — the mental representation of a mental representation — is a key notion in understanding the nature and development of our capacity to engage in pretence. Argues that the metarepresentational programme is unhelpful in explaining how pretence operates and, in particular, how agents distinguish pretence from reality. Sketches an alternative approach to the relations between pretending and believing.
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41Preserving the traces: An answer to noël CarrollJournal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 58 (3): 306-308. 2000.
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80Narrative and the Psychology of CharacterJournal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 67 (1): 61-71. 2009.
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15Narrative, imitation, and point of viewIn Garry Hagberg & Walter Jost (eds.), A Companion to the Philosophy of Literature, Wiley-blackwell. 2007.This chapter contains sections titled: Agency and Access to the World Speaking and Seeing Imitation Some Resources of Narration The Varieties of Narrative Imitation.
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Interpreting the unreliableIn Arts and minds, Oxford University Press. 2004.Argues for a rethinking of the standard account of narrative unreliability. Works can be unreliable in many ways, and unreliable works do not, the author claims, always have unreliable narrators. Narrative theory needs to focus more on unreliable works, less on unreliable narrators. As an example of this, the author uses Ford's The Searchers.
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139Mental simulation and motor imageryPhilosophy of Science 64 (1): 161-80. 1997.Motor imagery typically involves an experience as of moving a body part. Recent studies reveal close parallels between the constraints on motor imagery and those on actual motor performance. How are these parallels to be explained? We advance a simulative theory of motor imagery, modeled on the idea that we predict and explain the decisions of others by simulating their decision-making processes. By proposing that motor imagery is essentially off-line motor action, we explain the tendency of mot…Read more
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Interpretation in artIn Jerrold Levinson (ed.), The Oxford handbook of aesthetics, Oxford University Press. pp. 291--306. 2003.