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27The time of one's life: views of aging and age group justiceHistory and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 43 (1): 1-14. 2021.This paper argues that we can see our lives as a snapshot happening now or as a moving picture extending across time. These dual ways of seeing our lives inform how we conceive of the problem of age group justice. A snapshot view sees age group justice as an interpersonal problem between distinct age groups. A moving picture view sees age group justice as a first-person problem of prudential choice. This paper explores these different ways of thinking about age group justice and illustrates them…Read more
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128Taking care of one's own: Justice and family caregivingTheoretical Medicine and Bioethics 23 (2): 117-133. 2002.This paper asks whether adult children have aduty of justice to act as caregivers for theirfrail, elderly parents. I begin (Sections I.and II.) by locating the historical reasons whyrelationships within families were not thoughtto raise issues of justice. I argue that thesereasons are misguided. The paper next presentsspecific examples showing the relevance ofjustice to family relationships. I point outthat in the United States today, the burden ofcaregiving for dependent parents fallsdisproport…Read more
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7Upstream Influences and Fair Subject SelectionAmerican Journal of Bioethics 20 (2): 22-24. 2020.Volume 20, Issue 2, February 2020, Page 22-24.
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65Towards a theory of age-group justiceJournal of Medicine and Philosophy 14 (6): 655-676. 1989.Norman Daniels' and Daniel Callahan's recent work attempts to develop and deepen theories of justice in order to accommodate intergenerational moral issues. Elsewhere, I have argued that Callahan's arguments furnish inadequate support for the age rationing policy he accepts. This essay therefore examines Daniel's account of age rationing, together with the complex theory of age-group justice that buttresses it. Sections one and two trace the main features of Daniels' prudential lifespan approach…Read more
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23The Ubiquity of CultureHastings Center Report 19 (6): 46-47. 1989.Book reviewed in this article: Medicine and Culture: Varieties of Treatment in the United States, England, West Germany, and France. By Lynn Payer. Health Care Systems: Moral Conflicts in European and American Public Policy. Edited by Hans‐Martin Sass and Robert U. Massey.
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20The Ethics of Substituting Physician Assistants, Nurse Practitioners, and Residents for Attending PhysiciansAmerican Journal of Bioethics 10 (8): 11-13. 2010.This Article does not have an abstract
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22Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “A Broader View of Justice”American Journal of Bioethics 8 (10): 1-2. 2008.In this paper I argue that a narrow view of justice dominates the bioethics literature. I urge a broader view. As bioethicists, we often conceive of justice using a medical model. This model focuses attention at a particular point in time, namely, when someone who is already sick seeks access to scarce or expensive services. A medical model asks how we can fairly distribute those services. The broader view I endorse requires looking upstream, and asking how disease and suffering came about. In c…Read more
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43Should HECs initiate policies to prevent recurring bioethical dilemmas? Yes: HECs should initiate such policies (review)HEC Forum 4 (4): 273-276. 1992.Since the role of HECs continues to evolve, it is important for those of us who serve on these committees to remain alert to new avenues for improving patient care within our institutions
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58Rethinking Rescue MedicineAmerican Journal of Bioethics 15 (2): 12-18. 2015.The prospect of rescuing a person in immediate peril seems at first glance to be an unqualified good. Take, for example, the events of April 15, 2013, at the 117th Boston Marathon. Two consecutive...
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21Toward A New Model of Autonomy: Lessons From NeuroscienceAmerican Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience 2 (3): 50-51. 2011.In “How the Neuroscience of Decision Making Informs Our Conception of Autonomy,” Gidon Felsen and Peter Reiner (2011) argue that decisions typically regarded as rational and autonomous are in fact...
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17Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Justice Between Age Groups: An Objection to the Prudential Lifespan Approach”American Journal of Bioethics 14 (10): 10-12. 2014.No abstract
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22Sources of normativity: How multicultural values emergeAmerican Journal of Bioethics 3 (2). 2003.This Article does not have an abstract
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6Reproductive Risk Taking and the Nonidentity ProblemSocial Theory and Practice 13 (2): 219-235. 1987.
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46Should we ration health care?Journal of Medical Humanities 10 (2): 77-90. 1989.The paper begins by drawing a distinction between “allocation” — the distribution of resources between different categories, and “rationing” — the distribution of scarce resources within a single category. I argue that the current allocation of funds to health care makes some form of rationing unavoidable. The paper next considers proposals by Daniel Callahan and Norman Daniels supporting age rationing publicly-financed life-extending medical care. I provide reasons for doubting that either argu…Read more
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22Shaming and Stigmatizing Healthcare Workers in Japan During the COVID-19 PandemicPublic Health Ethics 14 (1): 72-78. 2021.Stigmatization and sharming of healthcare workers in Japan during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic reveal uniquely Japanese features. Seken, usually translated as ‘social appearance or appearance in the eyes of others,’ is a deep undercurrent woven into the fabric of Japanese life. It has led to providers who become ill with the SARS-CoV-2 virus feeling ashamed, while concealing their conditions from coworkers and public health officials. It also has led to healthcare providers being perceived as p…Read more
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33Sex robots for older adults with disabilities: reply to criticsJournal of Medical Ethics 47 (2): 113-114. 2021.In ‘Nothing to Be Ashamed of: Sex Robots for Older Adults with Disabilities,’1 I make the case that the unwanted absence of sex from a person’s life represents not just a loss of physical pleasure, but a loss of dignity. Since people aged 65 and over suffer disproportionately from disabilities that impair sexual functioning, I focus on this population. Drawing on an analysis of dignity developed at greater length elsewhere,2 I argue that sex robots can help older adults with disabilities and tha…Read more
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43Reproductive Risk Taking and the Nonidentity ProblemSocial Theory and Practice 13 (2): 219-235. 1987.
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31Review: Why Is Death Bad and What Makes It Least Bad? (review)Law and Philosophy 14 (3/4). 1995.
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24Selling Ourselves: The Ethics of Paid Living Kidney DonationAmerican Journal of Bioethics 14 (10): 1-6. 2014.No abstract
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40Knowing When to Stop: The Limits of MedicineHastings Center Report 21 (3): 5-8. 1991.Baconian science, a tool for plundering nature, has impelled physicians to insist on medical treatment even when it is futile. The Hippocratic tradition of medicine teaches us instead to acknowledge nature's limits.
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28New Challenges for Ethics Consultation: Combining Feminism, Multiculturalism, and CaringPublic Affairs Quarterly 17 (2): 83-95. 2003.
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35Justice and global care chains: Lessons from SingaporeDeveloping World Bioethics 19 (3): 155-168. 2018.Growing demand for direct care workers to assist care-dependent elderly people has created an opening for migrant workers from low- income nations to sell their services to middle and high-income nations. Using Singapore as a case example, we draw on capability theory to make the case that receiving nations that import direct care workers should be held to global justice standards that protect workers’ floor level human capabilities. Specifically, we (1) show that Singapore and other receiving n…Read more
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40Prioritizing Frontline Workers during the COVID-19 PandemicAmerican Journal of Bioethics 20 (7): 128-132. 2020.Volume 20, Issue 7, July 2020, Page 128-132.
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77Nothing to be ashamed of: sex robots for older adults with disabilitiesJournal of Medical Ethics 47 (1): 26-32. 2021.This paper spotlights ways in which sexual capacities relate to central human capabilities, such as the ability to generate a personally meaningful story of one’s life; be physically, mentally and emotionally healthy; experience bodily integrity; affiliate and bond with others; feel and express a range of human emotions; and choose a plan of life. It sets forth a dignity-based argument for affording older people access to sex robots as part of reasonable efforts to support their central human ca…Read more
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62Justice Between Age Groups: An Objection to the Prudential Lifespan ApproachAmerican Journal of Bioethics 13 (8): 3-15. 2013.Societal aging raises challenging ethical questions regarding the just distribution of health care between young and old. This article considers a proposal for age-based rationing of health care, which is based on the prudential life span account of justice between age groups. While important objections have been raised against the prudential life span account, it continues to dominate scholarly debates. This article introduces a new objection, one that develops out of the well-established disab…Read more
APA Western Division
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
Areas of Specialization
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Applied Ethics |
Normative Ethics |
Social and Political Philosophy |
African/Africana Philosophy |
Asian Philosophy |
Philosophy of Computing and Information |