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1Justice, political liberalism, and utilitarianism: Themes from Harsanyi and Rawls (edited book)Cambridge University Press. 1998.The utilitarian economist and Nobel Laureate John Harsanyi and the liberal egalitarian philosopher John Rawls were two of the most eminent scholars writing on problems of social justice in the last century. This volume pays tribute to Harsanyi and Rawls by investigating themes that figure prominently in their work. In some cases, the contributors explore issues considered by Harsanyi and Rawls in more depth and from novel perspectives. In others, the contributors use the work of Harsanyi and Raw…Read more
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56Living Standards and Capabilities: Equal Values or Equal Sets?Analyse & Kritik 29 (2): 226-234. 2007.Inspired by Gaertner and Xu (2006), this paper examines the possibility to construct a social ordering over distributions of capability sets, and a measure of the value of individual capability sets, such that perfect equality of sets, across individuals, is preferable to a simple equality of the value of sets. It is shown that this is a rather demanding requirement.
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61Shlomi Segall, Health, Luck, and Justice (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010), pp. x + 239Utilitas 22 (4): 503-506. 2010.
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177 Normative economics and theories of distributive justiceIn John Bryan Davis & Alain Marciano (eds.), The Elgar companion to economics and philosophy, Edward Elgar. pp. 132. 2004.
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10Inequalities, social justice and the web of social interactionsRevue de Philosophie Économique 21 (1): 19-63. 2021.L’analyse empirique des inégalités porte en général sur les ressources, tandis que les théories philosophiques de la justice se divisent entre celles qui se concentrent sur les ressources et les opportunités, d’un côté, et celles qui se focalisent sur les relations sociales, de l’autre. Cet article propose une représentation de la société qui intègre à la fois les ressources et les relations sociales au sein d’un réseau d’interactions sociales qui déterminent dans quelle mesure les individus s’é…Read more
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47Freedom with forgivenessPolitics, Philosophy and Economics 4 (1): 29-67. 2005.This article defends the principle of giving a fresh start to individuals who come to consider that they have mismanaged their share of resources at an earlier stage of their life. The first part challenges the ethical intuition that it would be unfair to tax the steadfast frugal in order to help the regretful spendthrift and argues that the possibility of changing ones mind is an important freedom. The second part examines the disincentives induced by fresh-start policies. It shows that even w…Read more
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63The importance of what people care aboutPolitics, Philosophy and Economics 11 (4): 415-447. 2012.Happiness studies have rekindled interest in the measurement of subjective well-being, and often claim to track faithfully ‘what people care about’ in their lives. It is argued in this article that seeking to respect individuals’ preferences in the context of making intrapersonal and interpersonal comparisons for social evaluation has important and somewhat surprising implications, which shed light, in particular, on subjective measures and their objective alternatives, such as Sen’s capability …Read more
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83Equality versus priority: How relevant is the distinction?Economics and Philosophy 31 (2): 203-217. 2015.:This paper questions the distinction between egalitarianism and prioritarianism, arguing that it is important to separate the reasons for particular social preferences from the contents of these preferences, that it is possible to like equality and separability simultaneously, and that some egalitarians and prioritarians may therefore share the same social preferences. The case of risky prospects, for which Broome has proposed an interesting example meant to show that egalitarians and prioritar…Read more
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13Four Approaches to Equal OpportunityIn Carl Knight & Zofia Stemplowska (eds.), Responsibility and distributive justice, Oxford University Press. 2011.
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23Fairness, Responsibility, and WelfareOxford University Press. 2008.What is a fair distribution of resources and other goods when individuals are partly responsible for their achievements? This book develops a theory of fairness incorporating a concern for personal responsibility, opportunities and freedom. With a critical perspective, it makes accessible the recent developments in economics and philosophy that define social justice in terms of equal opportunities. It also proposes new perspectives and original ideas. The book separates mathematical sections fro…Read more
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58Equal opportunity, reward and respect for preferences: Reply to RoemerEconomics and Philosophy 28 (2): 201-216. 2012.This rejoinder to Roemer examines Roemer's amendment to his EOp criterion, explains the similarities and differences between Roemer's approach to equality of opportunity and the economic literature inspired by the fair allocation theory, and proposes some clarifications on the compensation principle and the role of the reward principle in the definition of a responsibility-sensitive social criterion. It highlights the power of the ideal of respect for individual preferences with respect to the r…Read more
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23In a model of private good allocation, we construct social orderings which depend only on ordinal non-comparable information about individual preferences. In order to avoid Arrovian-type impossibilities, we let those social preferences take account of the shape of individual indifference curves. This allows us to introduce equity and cross-economy robustness properties, inspired by the theory of fair allocation. Combining such properties, we characterize two families of fair social orderings
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95Egalitarianism. New essays on the nature and value of equality – edited by Nils Holtug and Kasper lippert-RasmussenTheoria 74 (2): 173-177. 2008.No Abstract
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45Equal Opportunity or Equal Social Outcome?Economics and Philosophy 10 (2): 25-55. 1994.John Rawls's work (1971) has greatly contributed to rehabilitating equality as a basic social value, after decades of utilitarian hegemony,particularly in normative economics, but Rawls also emphasized that full equality of welfare is not an adequate goal either. This thesis was echoed in Dworkin's famous twin papers on equality (Dworkin 1981a,b), and it is now widely accepted that egalitarianism must be selective. The bulk of the debate on ‘Equality of What?’ thus deals with what variables ough…Read more
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Equal Opportunity1In Carl Knight & Zofia Stemplowska (eds.), Responsibility and distributive justice, Oxford University Press. pp. 77. 2011.
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16We argue that the economic evaluation of health care (cost–benefit analysis) should respect individual preferences and should incorporate distributional considerations. Relying on individual preferences does not imply subjective welfarism. We propose a particular non-welfarist approach, based on the concept of equivalent income, and show how it helps to define distributional weights. We illustrate the feasibility of our approach with empirical results from a pilot survey
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1240Egalitarianism and the Separateness of PersonsUtilitas 24 (3): 381-398. 2012.The difference between the unity of the individual and the separateness of persons requires that there be a shift in the moral weight that we accord to changes in utility when we move from making intrapersonal tradeoffs to making interpersonal tradeoffs. We examine which forms of egalitarianism can, and which cannot, account for this shift. We argue that a form of egalitarianism which is concerned only with the extent of outcome inequality cannot account for this shift. We also argue that a view…Read more
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41The impact of human health co-benefits on evaluations of global climate policyNature Communications 2095 (19). 2019.The health co-benefits of CO2 mitigation can provide a strong incentive for climate policy through reductions in air pollutant emissions that occur when targeting shared sources. However, reducing air pollutant emissions may also have an important co-harm, as the aerosols they form produce net cooling overall. Nevertheless, aerosol impacts have not been fully incorporated into cost-benefit modeling that estimates how much the world should optimally mitigate. Here we find that when both co-b…Read more
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34Beyond Gdp: Measuring Welfare and Assessing SustainabilityOup Usa. 2013.Is GDP a good proxy for social welfare? Building on economic theory, this book confirms that it is not, but also that most alternatives to it share its basic flaw, i.e., a focus on specific aspects of people's lives without sufficiently taking account of people's values and goals. A better approach is possible
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82This paper re-examines the welfare economics of risk. It singles out a class of criteria, the “expected equally-distributed equivalent”, as the unique class which avoids serious drawbacks of existing approaches. Such criteria behave like ex-post criteria when the final statistical distribution of wellbeing is known ex ante, and like ex-ante criteria when risk generates no inequality. The paper also provides a new result on the tension between inequality aversion and respect of individual ex ante…Read more