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17Ethics and Epidemiology (edited book)Oxford University Press. 2009.Written by epidemiologists, ethicists and legal scholars, this book provides an in-depth account of the moral problems that often confront epidemiologists, including both theoretical and practical issues. The first edition has sold almost three thousand copies since it was published in 1996. This edition is fully revised and includes three new chapters:Ethical Issues in Public Health Practice, Ethical Issues in Genetic Epidemiology, and Ethical Issues in International Health Research and Epidemi…Read more
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37How not to rethink research ethicsAmerican Journal of Bioethics 5 (1). 2005.This Article does not have an abstract
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50The Upper Limits of Pain and Suffering in Animal ResearchCambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 24 (4): 431-447. 2015.
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40Making principlism practical: A commentary on Gordon, rauprich, and VollmannBioethics 25 (6): 301-303. 2011.
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53Thieves of Virtue: When Bioethics Stole Medicine by Tom Koch (review)Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 24 (3): 11-14. 2014.The principal thesis in this book is that bioethics emerged—in the 1960s through the 1980s—under the influence of philosophers who claimed to have universally valid principles that could steer medicine and research to the solution of ethical problems, including even those arising at the bedside of patients. Tom Koch contends that these philosophers and their allied bioethicists “stole medicine” and its traditional values, substituting a philosophical discourse generally inaccessible to the avera…Read more
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600In defense of affirmative actionThe Journal of Ethics 2 (2): 143-158. 1998.Affirmative action refers to positive steps taken to hire persons from groups previously and presently discriminated against. Considerable evidence indicates that this discrimination is intractable and cannot be eliminated by the enforcement of laws. Numerical goals and quotas are justified if and only if they are necessary to overcome the discriminatory effects that could not otherwise be eliminated with reasonable efficiency. Many past as well as present policies are justified in this way
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55The Belmont ReportIn Ezekiel J. Emanuel (ed.), The Oxford textbook of clinical research ethics, Oxford University Press. pp. 149--55. 2008.
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87Autonomy in chimpanzeesTheoretical Medicine and Bioethics 35 (2): 117-132. 2014.Literature on the mental capacities and cognitive mechanisms of the great apes has been silent about whether they can act autonomously. This paper provides a philosophical theory of autonomy supported by psychological studies of the cognitive mechanisms that underlie chimpanzee behavior to argue that chimpanzees can act autonomously even though their psychological mechanisms differ from those of humans. Chimpanzees satisfy the two basic conditions of autonomy: (1) liberty (the absence of control…Read more
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50Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “The Concept of Voluntary Consent”American Journal of Bioethics 11 (8). 2011.The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 11, Issue 8, Page W1-W3, August 2011
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3Hume’s Reason (review)Philosophical Review 112 (4): 572-575. 2003.Hume is widely regarded as an antirationalist and skeptic about reason. Yet he often appeals to reason. He also treats “understanding” and “reason” as virtually synonymous and ascribes seemingly cognitive functions to the imagination and the passions—functions that he elsewhere attributes to reason. What, then, is reason and how is it connected to reasoning in Hume's philosophy?
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72Rethinking the ethics of research involving nonhuman animals: introductionTheoretical Medicine and Bioethics 35 (2): 91-96. 2014.In the relatively short time since 2006—when Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics published an issue on moral issues relevant to the use of nonhuman animals in research [1]—significant changes have occurred for nonhuman animals in many quarters. Public sentiment, new policy initiatives, and scientific studies of nonhuman animals’ capacities have all influenced the ways in which nonhuman animals are perceived and treated in research. Today, a large body of information is available for use in decisi…Read more
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76A Critique of Pure AnarchismCanadian Journal of Philosophy 2 (4). 1973.In defense of anarchism Robert Paul Wolff contends that the moral autonomy of individuals cannot be made compatible with legitimate political authority. A state is legitimate, he maintains, if authorities in the state have a right to command where subjects correlatively have an obligation to obey. However, he also holds both that all autonomous individuals have a primary obligation to refuse to be ruled by all authorities and that all men are normally obliged to remain autonomous. It allegedly f…Read more
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23What can a model professional code for bioethics hope to achieve?American Journal of Bioethics 5 (5). 2005.This Article does not have an abstract
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7The role of principles in practical ethicsIn L. Wayne Sumner & Joseph Boyle (eds.), Philosophical Perspectives on Bioethics, University of Toronto Press. pp. 79--95. 1996.
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43David Hume: An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals: A Critical Edition (edited book)Clarendon Press. 1998.This is the first new scholarly edition since the nineteenth century of one of the greatest works in the history of philosophy: David Hume's Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals. It is the fourth volume of the Clarendon Hume Edition, which will be the definitive edition for the foreseeable future. In this elegant and lucid Enquiry Hume gives an accessible presentation of his fully developed ethical theory, that is to say his theory of the foundation of morality in human nature. He conside…Read more
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1Medical ethics in the age of technologyIn Hans Mark & W. Lawson Taitte (eds.), Traditional moral values in the age of technology, The University of Texas Press. 1987.
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1130The historical foundations of the research-practice distinction in bioethicsHeoretical Medicine and Bioethics 33 (1): 45-56. 2012.The distinction between clinical research and clinical practice directs how we partition medicine and biomedical science. Reasons for a sharp distinction date historically to the work of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, especially to its analysis of the “boundaries” between research and practice in the Belmont Report (1978). Belmont presents a segregation model of the research-practice distinction, according to which research and…Read more
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61Internal and external standards for medical moralityJournal of Medicine and Philosophy 26 (6). 2001.What grounds and justifies conclusions in medical ethics? Is the source external or internal to medicine? Thee influential types of answer have appeared in recent literature: an internal account, an external account, and a mixed internal / external account. The first defends an ethic derived from either the ends of medicine or professional practice standards. The second maintains that precepts in medical ethics rely upon and require justification by external standards such as those of public opi…Read more
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38Self Inconsistency or Mere Self Perplexity?Hume Studies 5 (1): 36-44. 1979.In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:36. A DISCUSSION ON PERSONAL IDENTITY Jane L. Mclntyre's original paper "Is Hume's Self Consistent?" was presented at the MoGiIl Hume Conference; it will be published in the forthcoming volume devoted to those preceedings. Tom Beauchamp" s paper is presented here as delivered. John Biro's paper has been revised since its original presentation. 37. SELF INCONSISTENCY OR MERE SELF PERPLEXITY? Professor Mclntyre's imaginative and constr…Read more
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32An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (edited book)Oxford University Press. 1999.Tom Beauchamp presents a new edition, designed especially for the student reader, of An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding, the classic work in which David Hume gave a general exposition of his philosophy to a broad educated readership. An authoritative new version of the text is preceded by a substantial introduction explaining the historical and intellectual background to the work and surveying its main themes. The volume also includes detailed explanatory notes on the text, a glossary of …Read more
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70The Research‐Treatment Distinction: A Problematic Approach for Determining Which Activities Should Have Ethical OversightHastings Center Report 43 (s1): 4-15. 2013.Calls are increasing for American health care to be organized as a learning health care system, defined by the Institute of Medicine as a health care system “in which knowledge generation is so embedded into the core of the practice of medicine that it is a natural outgrowth and product of the healthcare delivery process and leads to continual improvement in care.” We applaud this conception, and in this paper, we put forward a new ethics framework for it. No such framework has previously been a…Read more
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7Refusals of treatment and requests for deathKennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 6 (4): 371-374. 1996.In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Refusals of Treatment and Requests for DeathTom L. Beauchamp (bio)It would be hard to overestimate the importance of two decisions on physician-assisted suicide delivered recently by the Ninth and Second Circuit Courts (Compassion in Dying v. State of Washington, 79 F.3d 790 (9th Cir. 1996) (en banc), aff’g 850 F.Supp. 1454 (W.D. Wash. 1994), rev’g 49 F.3d 586 (9th Cir. 1995); Quill v. Vacco, 80 F.3d 716 (2nd Cir. 1996). They are the…Read more
Areas of Interest
Applied Ethics |