Aidin Salamzadeh

Collecting data using an appropriate sampling technique is a challenging task for a researcher to do. The researchers will be unable to collect data from all possible situations, which will preclude them from answering the study’s research questions in their current form. In light of the enormous number and variety of sampling techniques/methods available, the researcher must be knowledgeable about the differences to select the most appropriate sampling technique/method for the specific study under consideration. In this context, this study also looks into the basic concepts in probability sampling, kinds of probability sampling techniques with their advantages and disadvantages. Social science researchers will benefit from this study since it will assist them in choosing the most suitable probability sampling technique for completing their research smoothly and successfully.

In this chapter, the Bede, a nomadic marginalised community in Bangladesh, is studied, emphasising their identity, customs, and hardships. Many Bede were illiterate and poverty-stricken, supporting themselves as snake charmers, traditional medicine practitioners, and by selling medicinal herbs and amulets. However, the demand for their services declined and they were forced to diversify their livelihoods by such employment as rickshaw pulling, working in mills and factories, and small entrepreneurial businesses. Some Bede were educated and took different jobs in urban centres. The chapter focuses on their socio-economic status, traditions, and historical identity and also emphasises the significance of cultural assimilation and integration in forming their traditions and customs. The research also highlights the women’s important role in Bede culture and examines their empowerment. The findings shed light on the Bede community’s socio-economic challenges, such as limited access to healthcare and educational opportunities, and underline the need to preserve their cultural heritage, while dealing with issues that affect their way of life and overall well-being. This chapter contributes to the field by thoroughly examining the Bede community, a comparatively understudied nomadic people in Bangladesh, to understand the specifications of this unique community.

Nomads in Iran have long been considered the basic communities that have experienced many unique lifestyles. These communities have struggled for their existence for centuries and, therefore, have witnessed many entrepreneurial journeys to survive. Even based on a very quick review of the literature, one could easily notice that nomad entrepreneurs are overlooked globally, and, more specifically, in this part of the world. This chapter reviews the history of nomads in Iran and provides a clear understanding of the major nomads in this region. Besides, it sheds light on their entrepreneurial activities and challenges during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The chapter concludes with some remarks for those who are interested to do research or engage in policymaking activities for nomad entrepreneurs.