Ali Jafari

Background and Objectives: The pain and anxiety experienced by burn patients during dressing change cannot be thoroughly controlled by painkillers and anxiolytics. Evidence has documented that reciting the name of God can positively impact the reduction of pain and anxiety caused by aggressive procedures. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of reciting the name of God on the pain and anxiety caused by dressing change in patients with burn injuries. Methods: The present clinical trial study was performed on 71 patients admitted to the burn ward of Nekouei-Hedayati-Forghani Hospital affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2017. Patients were selected by the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups using the stratified randomization method. Thereafter, 10 min before dressing change, the patients in the experimental group were asked to recite the name of God, while the cases in the control group received the routine care. Patients' pain intensity was measured before mentioning the name of God and immediately after dressing change. Anxiety caused by burn pain was measured before mentioning the name of God, before dressing change, immediately after dressing change, and 15 min later. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The mean age of participants was reported as 44.59±9.13. The result of the independent t-test showed that the mean score of pain immediately after dressing change was found to be lower in the intervention group, compared to the control group. Moreover, the result of pair t-test in the intervention group demonstrated that the mean score of pain-induced anxiety was lower immediately after dressing change, in comparison with the time before reciting the name Of God. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, reciting the name of God can reduce the anxiety and pain associated with wound dressing changes in burn patients. Therefore, it is suggested that the name of God be used along with pharmaceutical interventions to control pain and anxiety experienced at dressing change.

From among the collection of scattered commentaries on hadiths to Mulla Sadra, the one written on "Kunta kanzan makhfiyyan..." is quite noteworthy. This commentary has most probably been written by Mulla Sadra himself. In this work, he refers to one of the objections advanced against this sacred hadith by some scholars. He also claims that before him, no one has ever given a convincing answer to this objection, and then proceeds to explain the problem and introduces his own four-fold responses, which he claims to have been revealed to him by God.Since at the beginning of this tratise he refers to Muhyaddin Ibn Arabi, in some of its versions, it has wrongly been attributed to him.The writer of this paper, from among the existing versions of this treatise, has tried to edit two versions of collection number 1822 of the library of Majlis-i Shoray-i Islami by means of 'maj V and 'maj 2' codes, following a critical approach.

The presentation of a comprehensive report of all available criticisms and their evaluation will be greatly revealing concerning logicians' methodology and epistemology. Their deliberations and insights concerning the issue of relation and criticizing the inferential principles that are based on this concept, as well as the evaluation of the efficiency of the issue, have appeared in different forms. Conceptual criticisms lead to new conceptualizations, and the posing of contradictory examples for inferential principles consolidates the principles themsleves and, in certain cases, leads to the discovery of new ones. Some of the criticisms in the history of logic are known as logical puzzles. It should be emphasized that in their process of historical development, a lot of responses have been given to such puzzles, and that they have been good targets for a host of objections; however, all the responses and objections have been at the service of merely strengthening their forms of ambiguity or paradox, such as Katibi's Puzzle'.Such criticisms are targeted at the problems and issues related to the field of relation. If these issues are discovered, the pervious research studies, which are each relatod to a specific topic, will continue in a focused line of activity. It goes without saying that studies of this kind possess undeniable advatages in practice in the mould of logical deliberations and criticism.