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324Love thy neighbour? Allocating vaccines in a world of competing obligationsJournal of Medical Ethics 47 (12). 2021.Although a safe, effective, and licensed coronavirus vaccine does not yet exist, there is already controversy over how it ought to be allocated. Justice is clearly at stake, but it is unclear what justice requires in the international distribution of a scarce vaccine during a pandemic. Many are condemning ‘vaccine nationalism’ as an obstacle to equitable global distribution. We argue that limited national partiality in allocating vaccines will be a component of justice rather than an obstacle to…Read more
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98The Use of Prisoners as Sources of Organs–An Ethically Dubious PracticeAmerican Journal of Bioethics 11 (10). 2011.The movement to try to close the ever-widening gap between demand and supply of organs has recently arrived at the prison gate. While there is enthusiasm for using executed prisoners as sources of organs, there are both practical barriers and moral concerns that make it unlikely that proposals to use prisoners will or should gain traction. Prisoners are generally not healthy enough to be a safe source of organs, execution makes the procurement of viable organs difficult, and organ donation post-…Read more
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64A quiet revolution in organ transplant ethicsJournal of Medical Ethics 43 (11): 797-800. 2017.A quiet revolution is occurring in the field of transplantation. Traditionally, transplants have involved solid organs such as the kidney, heart and liver which are transplanted to prevent recipients from dying. Now transplants are being done of the face, hand, uterus, penis and larynx that aim at improving a recipient's quality of life. The shift away from saving lives to seeking to make them better requires a shift in the ethical thinking that has long formed the foundation of organ transplant…Read more
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54Should Compensation for Organ Donation Be Allowed?Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 31 (3): 286-296. 2022.The need for organs to transplant is clear. Due to the lack of transplants, people suffer, they die, and the cost of taking care of them until they die is huge. There is general agreement that it would be good to increase the supply of organs in order to meet the demand for organ transplantation.
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45Special Supplement: The XYY Controversy: Researching Violence and GeneticsHastings Center Report 10 (4): 1. 1980.
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39"Who lost china?" A foreshadowing of today's ideological disputes in bioethicsHastings Center Report 35 (3): 12-13. 2005.
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37Charlie Gard and the Limits of Parental AuthorityHastings Center Report 47 (5): 15-16. 2017.The parents of Charlie Gard, who was born August 4, 2016, with an exceedingly rare and incurable disease called mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, fought a prolonged and heated legal battle to allow him access to experimental treatment that they hoped would prolong his life and to prevent his doctors from withdrawing life-sustaining care. Charlie's clinicians at the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London believed that the brain damage Charlie had suffered as a result of frequent epileptic sei…Read more
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35Human rights violations in organ procurement practice in ChinaBMC Medical Ethics 18 (1): 11. 2017.Over 90% of the organs transplanted in China before 2010 were procured from prisoners. Although Chinese officials announced in December 2014 that the country would completely cease using organs harvested from prisoners, no regulatory adjustments or changes in China’s organ donation laws followed. As a result, the use of prisoner organs remains legal in China if consent is obtained. We have collected and analysed available evidence on human rights violations in the organ procurement practice in C…Read more
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28Shouldn't Dead Be Dead?: The Search for a Uniform Definition of DeathJournal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 45 (1): 112-128. 2017.In 1968, the definition of death in the United States was expanded to include not just death by cardiopulmonary criteria, but also death by neurologic criteria. We explore the way the definition has been modified by the medical and legal communities over the past 50 years and address the medical, legal and ethical controversies associated with the definition at present, with a particular highlight on the Supreme Court of Nevada Case of Aden Hailu.
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28Special Supplement: Biomedical Ethics and the Shadow of NazismHastings Center Report 6 (4): 1. 1976.
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23A Panglossian Analysis of the Abortion ControversyAmerican Journal of Bioethics 16 (4): 9-9. 2016.
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22Introduction: The Ethical Frontiers of Gene EditingCambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 28 (1): 4-7. 2019.
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22Helpful Lessons and Cautionary Tales: How Should COVID-19 Drug Development and Access Inform Approaches to Non-Pandemic Diseases?American Journal of Bioethics 21 (12): 4-19. 2021.After witnessing extraordinary scientific and regulatory efforts to speed development of and access to new COVID-19 interventions, patients facing other serious diseases have begun to ask “where’s...
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20“A Little ELF, Please?” The Electronic Long-Form COI Disclosure StatementAmerican Journal of Bioethics 18 (7): 1-2. 2018.
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20Single-Patient Expanded Access Requests: IRB Professionals’ Experiences and PerspectivesAJOB Empirical Bioethics 10 (2): 88-99. 2019.
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101001 Ideas That Changed the Way We Think (edited book)Thunder Bay Press. 2013.The mind is, without doubt, humanity's most powerful asset. Our view of the world today has come about through the questions, theories, speculations, and hypotheses raised by many brilliant individuals over millennia. Drawing on a wide spectrum of topics-- including politics, cosmology, the arts, philisophy, and religious beliefs-- 1001 ideas that changed the way we think traces the exponential growth of human knowledge. This woderfully diverse book with more than 700 illustrations and photograp…Read more
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10Determination of Death in Execution by Lethal Injection in ChinaCambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 27 (3): 459-466. 2018.
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9Research involving the recently deceased: ethics questions that must be answeredJournal of Medical Ethics. forthcoming.Research involving recently deceased humans that are physiologically maintained following declaration of death by neurologic criteria—or ‘research involving the recently deceased’—can fill a translational research gap while reducing harm to animals and living human subjects. It also creates new challenges for honouring the donor’s legacy, respecting the rights of donor loved ones, resource allocation and public health. As this research model gains traction, new empirical ethics questions must be…Read more
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8Death: An Evolving, Normative ConceptHastings Center Report 48 (S4): 60-62. 2018.Constantin Reliu had been working for twenty years as a cook in Turkey when he returned to his hometown of Barlad, Romania, to discover that, there, he was dead. His former wife had, unbeknownst to him, at some point during his stay in Turkey registered him as deceased in Romania. He has since been living a legal nightmare trying to prove to Romanian authorities that he is, in fact, alive. Reliu is not alone in finding out that the legal system is not as attuned to physiological activity or biol…Read more
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7Hope to the EndHastings Center Report 51 (4): 50-51. 2021.In the book Exploiting Hope: How the Promise of New Medical Interventions Sustains Us—and Makes Us Vulnerable, Jeremy Snyder takes on the dominant theory that exploitation in research ethics involves culpable inequity in transactions between parties. He rightly dismisses that economic explanation as inadequate. His theory of exploitation argues that it happens when those who have a duty of beneficence to someone take advantage of their hope. Exploitation is not just an unfair transaction; it is …Read more
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7Rationing health and social goods during pandemics: Guidance for Ghanaian decision makersClinical Ethics 16 (3): 165-170. 2021.Healthcare rationing during pandemics has been widely discussed in global bioethics literature. However, existing scenarios and analyses have focused on high income countries, except for very few disease areas such as HIV treatment where some analyses related to African countries exist. We argue that the lack of scholastic discourse, and by extension, professional and democratic engagement on the subject constitute an unacceptable ethical omission. Not only have African governments failed to dev…Read more
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6Reopening the ‘Window to the Soul’?: The Ethics of Eye Transplantation Now and in the FutureAmerican Journal of Bioethics 24 (5): 6-7. 2024.Of all the five senses losing sight is the one that individuals fear the most. Worldwide blindness has afflicted tens of millions of people each year. Historically, this has inspired researchers an...
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6Policy & Politics: "Who Lost China?" A Foreshadowing of Today's Ideological Disputes in BioethicsHastings Center Report 35 (3): 12. 2005.
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Utah State UniversityRegular Faculty
Logan, Utah, United States of America