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331Proud Vermin: Modern Militias and the StateJournal of Military Ethics 22 (1): 1-18. 2023.Contemporary arguments about private paramilitary organizations often focus on the threat of physical violence that they pose to the state: if such organizations garner enough physical power, then they can overtake the state via violent coup. Inspired by the legalist scholar Han Feizi’s position, we contend that such organizations also represent a sociopolitical, existential threat to the state. Specifically, their tendency for ideological expan…Read more
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37Social and Political “Statutes of Limitations”: Mo' Approaches, Mo' ProblemsIn Court D. Lewis (ed.), Forgiveness Confronts Race, Relationships, and the Social. pp. 91-111. 2022.Recent events have directed public attention to the issue of whether there should be so-called “statutes of limitations” on oppressive transgressions committed in the past. We ask: in such cases, is sociopolitical forgiveness (or “forgetfulness”) owed to transgressors? We detail two moral-political narratives that might help address this issue: one constructed around the values and perspectives of justice, rights, and autonomy-based views (the JRA approach), and another oriented around the value…Read more
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22Justified Revolution in Contemporary American Democracy: A Confucian-Inspired AccountIn Leland Harper (ed.), The Crisis of American Democracy: Essays on a Failing Institution, Vernon Press. pp. 167-192. 2022.How much injustice and oppression must be tolerated before a revolution is justified? In theory, the United States’ political structure, by design, makes the question of revolution obsolete: by putting political power into the hands of the people via democratic mechanisms such as voting, the division of power among separate branches of government, and representative influence and control, there should be no need for revolution because everything the government does either has the consent of the …Read more
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1535Xunzi’s Ritual Model and Modern Moral EducationEuropean Journal for Philosophy of Religion 13 (2): 17-43. 2021.While the early Confucians were largely content to maintain the rituals of ancient kings as the core of moral education in their time, it is not obvious that contemporary humans could, or should, draw from the particulars of such a tradition. Indeed, even if one takes ritual seriously as a tool for cultivation, there remains a question of how to design moral education programs incorporating ritual. This essay examines impediments faced by a ritualized approach to moral education, how they might …Read more
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580Moral Anger in Classical ConfucianismIn Court D. Lewis & Gregory L. Bock (eds.), The Ethics of Anger, Lexington Books. pp. 131-154. 2020.Philosophical discussions of the moralization of anger have not, to date, substantively engaged classical Chinese thought. This is unfortunate, given the abundance of appeals to moral anger in the classical literature, especially among the Confucians, and the suppression, expression, and functionalization of anger. Accordingly, this essay engages in two general projects: one interpretive, one applied. The interpretive project examines the manner in which classical Confucian thought regards anger…Read more
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202Xunzi’s Ritual Program as a Response to Han Feizi’s Criticism of ConfucianismJournal of Confucian Philosophy and Culture 34 (August): 129-153. 2020.One of Han Feizi’s most subtle criticisms of Confucianism targets a central feature of its moral cultivation program, namely an appeal to modelling oneself on ancient sages. According to Han Feizi, this ideal of model emulation is doomed to failure due to imperfect knowledge of past exemplars, the fact that certain ideals of practice may not be applicable to (or catastrophic for) some practitioners, and the additional fact that one cannot always rely on past examples to provide good guidance for…Read more
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8Confucian Ritual and Moral EducationLexington Books. 2020.The ancient Confucians developed a particular notion of ritual and placed it at the center of their moral cultivation program. This book examines the Confucian ritual method through the lens of modern developmental theory and creates a theoretical framework for deploying ritual as an invaluable tool in contemporary moral education pursuits.
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50Yu in the Xunzi: toward a precise understandingAsian Philosophy 28 (2): 157-169. 2018.An ongoing dialogue in Xunzi scholarship addresses the role of yu (欲), often rendered as ‘desire,’ in motivation, but little has been said about what yu actually is, or whether the translation of ‘desire’ accurately reflects Xunzi’s use of the term. Employing textual analysis alongside research in cognitive science, most notably work on the so-called ‘wanting-liking’ distinction, I work toward a more precise understanding of Xunzi’s notion of yu and its functions. I suggest that yu be construed …Read more
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50Vygotsky and moral education: A response to and expansion of TappanEducational Philosophy and Theory 51 (1): 41-50. 2019.Despite increasing studies and applications of Vygotsky’s theory of learning and development, little has been written connecting Vygotsky specifically to moral education. The most comprehensive attempt at formulating such an account is given by Mark Tappan. I critically evaluate Tappan’s account before raising several problems for his approach. I then offer suggestions for resolving these issues by turning to research in socialization theory and recommending additional sociocultural artifacts th…Read more
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83Ritual Education and Moral Development: A Comparison of Xunzi and VygotskyDao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 17 (1): 81-98. 2018.Xunzi’s 荀子 advocacy for moral education is well-documented; precisely how his program bolsters moral development, and why a program touting study of ritual could be effective, remain subjects of debate. I argue that these matters can be clarified by appealing to the theory of learning and development offered by Lev Vygotsky. Vygotsky posited that development depends primarily on social interactions mediated by sociocultural tools that modify learners’ cognitive architecture, enabling increasingl…Read more
Colorado Springs, CO, United States of America
Areas of Specialization
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Asian Philosophy |
Moral Education |
Moral Psychology |
Philosophy of Education, Misc |
Meta-Ethics |
Philosophy of Cognitive Science |
Applied Ethics |