•  71
    Meaning
    In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Sciences, Nature Publishing Group. 2003.
    Language is used to express thoughts and to represent aspects of the world. What thought a sentence expresses depends on what the sentence means, and how it represents the world also depends on what it means. Moreover, it is ultimately arbitrary, a matter of convention, that the words of a language mean what they do. So it might seem that what they mean is a matter of how they are used. However, they need not be used in accordance with their literal meanings. One can speak nonliterally, and conv…Read more
  •  1
    William Rounds Scott Soames
    with Martin Stokhof, Dorit Abusch, Ju D. Apresjan, Nicholas Asher, David Auerbach, Mark Baltin, Chris Barker, Stephen Barker, and Ellen Barton
    Linguistics and Philosophy 18 687-688. 1995.
  • List of contrlbutors
    In Dunja Jutronić (ed.), The Maribor papers in naturalized semantics, Pedagoška Fakulteta Maribor. pp. 415. 1997.
  •  72
    What Does It Take To Refer?
    In Ernest LePore & Barry C. Smith (eds.), The Oxford Handbook to the Philosophy of Language, Oxford University Press. pp. 516--554. 2006.
    This article makes a number of points about reference, both speaker reference and linguistic (or semantic) reference. The bottom line is simple: reference ain't easy — at least not nearly as easy as commonly supposed. Much of what speakers do that passes for reference is really something else, and much of what passes for linguistic reference is really nothing more than speaker reference. Referring is one of the basic things we do with words, and it would be a good idea to understand what that in…Read more
  • 12.1 Direct Compositionality Beyond the Sentence Level
    with Chris Barker, Kai von Fintel, Lyn Frazier, James Isaacs, Angelika Kratzer, Bill Ladusaw, Helen Majewski, Line Mikkelsen, and Barbara Partee
    In Chris Barker & Pauline I. Jacobson (eds.), Direct compositionality, Oxford University Press. pp. 405. 2007.
  •  76
    Here's an old question in the philosophy of perception: here I am, looking at this pen [I hold up a pen in my hand]. Presumably I really am seeing this pen. Even so, I could be having an experience just like the one I am having without anything being there. So how can the experience I am having really involve direct awareness of the pen? It seems as though the presence of the pen is inessential to the way the experience is.
  • Speech acts
    with R. Harnish
    In , . 1979.
  •  2
    Loaded Words
    Oxford University Press. 2018.
  • The emperor's new 'knows'
    In Gerhard Preyer & Georg Peter (eds.), Contextualism in philosophy: knowledge, meaning, and truth, Oxford University Press. 2005.
  •  2
    Language, Logic, and Form
    In Dale Jacquette (ed.), A Companion to Philosophical Logic, Wiley-blackwell. 2002.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Sentential Connectives Quantifiers and Quantified Noun Phrases Proper Names and Individual Constants Adjectives Adverbs and Events Utterance Modifiers Logical Form as Grammatical Form Summary.
  •  19
    Speech Acts and Pragmatics
    In Michael Devitt & Richard Hanley (eds.), The Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Language, Wiley-blackwell. 2006.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Performative Utterances Locutionary, Illocutionary, and Perlocutionary Acts Classifying Illocutionary Acts Communicative Speech Acts and Intentions Conversational Implicature and Impliciture Conventional Implicature The Semantic‐Pragmatic Distinction Applications of the Semantic‐Pragmatic Distinction.
  •  70
    Literal Meaning (review)
    Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 75 (2): 487-492. 2007.
  •  23
    Change in View: Principles of Reasoning
    Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 48 (4): 761-764. 1988.
  •  16
    The Structure of Emotions
    Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 49 (2): 362-366. 1988.
  •  59
    Picoeconomics (review)
    Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 55 (4): 981-983. 1995.
    There is a simple view of motivation on which desires are like pain-killers; they come in different strengths, and their strength determines their efficacy. That is, the stronger a desire the greater its motivational force and, when two desires conflict, the stronger one “wins out” over the weaker. This view makes it puzzling how anyone could ever exhibit “strength of will” and act on the weaker desire, even when it is a desire for something more highly valued than what is more strongly desired.…Read more
  • Context Dependence
    In Manuel García-Carpintero & Max Kölbel (eds.), The Continuum companion to the philosophy of language, Continuum International. 2012.
  •  5
    Failed Reference and Feigned Reference: Much ado about Nothing
    Grazer Philosophische Studien 26 (1): 359-374. 1985.
    Nothing can be said about a nonexistent object, but something can be said about the act of (unsuccessfully) attempting to refer to one or, as in fiction, of pretending to refer to one. Unsuccessful reference, whether by expressions or by speakers, can be explained straightforwardly within the context of the theory of speech acts and communication. As for fiction, there is nothing special semantically, as to either meaning or reference, about its language. And fictional discourse is just a distin…Read more
  • The Semantics and Pragmatics of Reference
    In Ernie Lepore & Barry C. Smith (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Language, Oxford University Press. 2005.
  •  3
  •  23
    Acknowledgment
    with Pauline Jacobson, Shalom Lappin, Martin Stokhof, Daniel Buring, Peter Lasersohn, Thomas Ede, Paul Dekker Beth Levin Zimmermann, Julie Sedivy, and Ben Russell
    Linguistics and Philosophy 28 781-782. 2005.
    Acknowledgment of peer reviewers
  •  18
    Acknowledgment
    with Pauline Jacobson, Daniel Buring, Paul Dekker, Shalom Lappin, Peter Lasersohn, Beth Levin, Julie Sedivy, Martin Stokhof, Thomas Ede, and Ian Lyons
    Linguistics and Philosophy 27 777-778. 2004.
    Acknowledgment of peer reviewers
  •  15
    Meaning and the Moral Sciences
    Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 40 (1): 137-139. 1979.
  • Drawing More Lines: Response to Depraetere and Salkie
    In Raphael Salkie & Ilse Depraetere (eds.), Semantics and Pragmatics: Drawing a Line, Springer Verlag. 2016.
  •  977
    Linguistic Communication and Speech Acts
    with Robert M. Harnish
    MIT Press. 1979.
    a comprehensive, somewhat Gricean theory of speech acts, including an account of communicative intentions and inferences, a taxonomy of speech acts, and coverage of many topics in pragmatics
  •  1
    A Rationale for Reliabilism
    In Sven Bernecker & Fred I. Dretske (eds.), Knowledge: readings in contemporary epistemology, Oxford University Press. 2000.
  •  7
    Perspectives on Self-deception (review)
    Noûs 26 (4): 495-504. 1992.
  •  33
    Anyone weary of endless philosophical debate on belief reports will find welcome relief in this book. Talking not just about belief talk but about belief itself, it offers much that is new, interesting, and subtle. The central thesis, though interestingly and subtly developed, is not exactly new. It is a version of the “hidden indexical theory” (HIT) of..