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12To Swab or Not to Swab: Waiver of Consent to Collect Perianal Specimens from Incapacitated Patients With Severe Burn InjuryAmerican Journal of Bioethics 24 (4): 108-109. 2024.This case is about a study of burn patients that included a request to the IRB for a waiver of consent for perianal specimen collection–a request which ultimately was not approved by a reviewing IR...
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19Respect for Persons Is Not Always About Consent: The Importance of ContextAmerican Journal of Bioethics 24 (4): 115-118. 2024.The case (Dawson et al. 2024) raises tensions between the ethical demands of respect for patient autonomy, patients’ clinical needs, and research to improve clinical care. Given burn patients’ urge...
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22Social Value, Beneficial Information, and Obligations to Participants in a Trial of Novel COVID-19 VaccinesAmerican Journal of Bioethics 23 (10): 126-128. 2023.The case describes researchers who are seeking ethics guidance on communicating with participants in a phase-1 COVD-19 vaccine trial about FDA-authorized COVID-19 vaccines (Wilfond, Duenas, and Johnson 2023). The researchers want help choosing among three options they have identified for encouraging participants to obtain one of the authorized vaccines. We argue that research ethics consultants should consider going beyond this question to address another ethics concern the researchers might hav…Read more
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101Public Stem Cell Banks: Considerations of Justice in Stem Cell Research and TherapyHastings Center Report 33 (6): 13-27. 2003.If stem cell-based therapies are developed, we will likely confront a difficult problem of justice: for biological reasons alone, the new therapies might benefit only a limited range of patients. In fact, they might benefit primarily white Americans, thereby exacerbating long-standing differences in health and health care.
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44Bringing science and advocacy together to address health needs of people who inject drugsJournal of Medical Ethics 44 (3): 165-166. 2018.In crafting our paper on addressing the ethical challenges in HIV prevention research with people who inject drugs,1 we had hoped to stimulate further discussion and deliberation about the topic. We are pleased that three commentaries on our paper have begun this process.2 3 4 The commentaries rightly bring up important issues relating to community engagement and problems in translating research into practice in the fraught environments in which PWID face multiple risks. These risks include acqu…Read more
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57Addressing ethical challenges in HIV prevention research with people who inject drugsJournal of Medical Ethics 44 (3): 149-158. 2018.Despite recent advances in HIV prevention and treatment, high HIV incidence persists among people who inject drugs. Difficult legal and political environments and lack of services for PWID likely contribute to high HIV incidence. Some advocates question whether any HIV prevention research is ethically justified in settings where healthcare system fails to provide basic services to PWID and where implementation of research findings is fraught with political barriers. Ethical challenges in researc…Read more
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50Bringing science and advocacy together to address health needs of people who inject drugsJournal of Medical Ethics Recent Issues 44 (3): 165-166. 2018.In crafting our paper on addressing the ethical challenges in HIV prevention research with people who inject drugs, 1 we had hoped to stimulate further discussion and deliberation about the topic. We are pleased that three commentaries on our paper have begun this process. 2 3 4 The commentaries rightly bring up important issues relating to community engagement and problems in translating research into practice in the fraught environments in which PWID face multiple risks. These risks include ac…Read more
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44Addressing ethical challenges in HIV prevention research with people who inject drugsJournal of Medical Ethics Recent Issues 44 (3): 149-158. 2018.Despite recent advances in HIV prevention and treatment, high HIV incidence persists among people who inject drugs. Difficult legal and political environments and lack of services for PWID likely contribute to high HIV incidence. Some advocates question whether any HIV prevention research is ethically justified in settings where healthcare system fails to provide basic services to PWID and where implementation of research findings is fraught with political barriers. Ethical challenges in researc…Read more
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8Ethical Oversight of Research in Developing CountriesIRB: Ethics & Human Research 25 (2): 1. 2003.
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303Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Human Challenge Trials: Too Risky, Too SoonJournal of Infectious Diseases 222 (3): 514-516. 2020.Eyal et al have recently argued that researchers should consider conducting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) human challenge studies to hasten vaccine development. We have conducted (J. L.) and overseen (L. D.) human challenge studies and agree that they can be useful in developing anti-infective agents. We also agree that adults can autonomously choose to undergo risks with no prospect of direct benefit to themselves. However, we disagree that SARS-CoV-2 challenge st…Read more
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22Molecular HIV Surveillance and Public Health Ethics: Old Wine in New BottlesAmerican Journal of Bioethics 20 (10): 39-41. 2020.Volume 20, Issue 10, October 2020, Page 39-41.
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23Advancing independent adolescent consent for participation in HIV prevention researchJournal of Medical Ethics 44 (7): 431-433. 2018.In many regions around the world, those at highest risk for acquiring HIV are young adults and adolescents. Young men who have sex with men in the USA are the group at greatest risk for HIV acquisition, particularly if they are part of a racial or ethnic minority group.1 Adolescent girls and young women have the highest incidence rates of any demographic subgroup in sub-Saharan Africa.2 To reverse the global AIDS pandemic’s toll on these high-risk groups, it is important to deploy the most effec…Read more
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21The Devil in the Details: Thorough Assessment of Evidence and Ethics Is Needed in Evaluating New HIV Prevention MethodsAmerican Journal of Bioethics 12 (6): 33-34. 2012.The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 12, Issue 6, Page 33-34, June 2012
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22Understanding the 'de jure' standard of care for research: A reply to FaustDeveloping World Bioethics 7 (1). 2007.
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48Clinical Trial Design for HIV Prevention Research: Determining Standards of PreventionBioethics 29 (5): 316-323. 2014.This article seeks to advance ethical dialogue on choosing standards of prevention in clinical trials testing improved biomedical prevention methods for HIV. The stakes in this area of research are high, given the continued high rates of infection in many countries and the budget limitations that have constrained efforts to expand treatment for all who are currently HIV-infected. New prevention methods are still needed; at the same time, some existing prevention and treatment interventions have …Read more
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53Defining standard of care in the developing world: The intersection of international research ethics and health systems analysisDeveloping World Bioethics 5 (2). 2005.ABSTRACT In recent years there has been intense debate regarding the level of medical care provided to ‘standard care’ control groups in clinical trials in developing countries, particularly when the research sponsors come from wealthier countries. The debate revolves around the issue of how to define a standard of medical care in a country in which many people are not receiving the best methods of medical care available in other settings. In this paper, we argue that additional dimensions of th…Read more
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34Not All RCTs Are Created Equal: Lessons From Early AIDS TrialsAmerican Journal of Bioethics 15 (4): 45-47. 2015.
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20Adding Insult to Injury: Reluctance to Engage in Clinical Research with At-Risk Groups Further Disenfranchises These PopulationsAmerican Journal of Bioethics 9 (11): 62-64. 2009.
Areas of Interest
Applied Ethics |
Normative Ethics |