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257Kath’ hauta predicates and the ‘commensurate universals’Manuscrito 42 (4): 44-84. 2019.What lies behind Aristotle’s declarations that an attribute or feature that is demonstrated to belong to a scientific subject is proper to that subject? The answer is found in APo. 2.8-10, if we understand these chapters as bearing not only on Aristotle theory of definition but also as clarifying the logical structure of demonstration in general. If we identify the basic subjects with what has no different cause, and demonstrable attributes with what do have ‘a different cause’, the definitions …Read more
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82Atoms, complexes, and demonstration: Posterior analytics 96b15-25Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 35 (4): 707-727. 2004.There is agreement neither concerning the point that is being made in Posterior analytics 96b15–25 nor the issue Aristotle intends to address. There are two major lines of interpretation of this passage. According to one, sketched by Themistius and developed by Philoponus and Eustratius, Aristotle is primarily concerned with determining the definitions of the infimae species that fall under a certain genus. They understand Aristotle as arguing that this requires collating definitional prediction…Read more
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80Circular Justification and Explanation in AristotlePhronesis 58 (3): 195-214. 2013.Aristotle’s account of epistēmē is foundationalist. In contrast, the web of dialectical argumentation that constitutes justification for scientific principles is coherentist. Aristotle’s account of explanation is structurally parallel to the argument for a foundationalist account of justification. He accepts the first argument but his coherentist accounts of justification indicate that he would not accept the second. Where is the disanalogy? For Aristotle, the intelligibility of a demonstrative …Read more
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75Metaphysical Explanation and “Partcularization” in Maimonides’ Guide of the PerplexedJournal of Philosophical Research 17 189-213. 1992.Within The Guide of the Perplexed Maimonides presents an argument that is intended to render probable the temporal creation of the cosmos. In one of these arguments Maimonides adopts the Kalamic strategy of arguing for the necessity of there being a “particularizing” agent. Maimonides argues that even one who grants Aristotelian science can still ask why the heavenly realm is as it is, to which there is no reply forthcoming but “God so willed it.” The argument is effective against the Arabic Neo…Read more
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52Aristotle’s main objection to Pythagorean number ontology is that it posits as a basic subject what can exist only as inherent in a subject. I then show how contemporary structural realists posit an ontology much like that of Aristotle’s Pythagoreans. Both take the objects of knowledge to be structure, not the subject of structure. I discuss both how pancomputationalists such as Edward Fredkin approach the Pythagorean account insofar as on their account all reality can in principle be expressed …Read more
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50David Bronstein. Aristotle on Knowledge and Learning: The Posterior Analytics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. xiii+272. $74.00 (review)Hopos: The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science 7 (1): 173-176. 2017.
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50Explaining an Eclipse: Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics 2.1-10Philosophical Review 107 (1): 149. 1998.In Explaining an Eclipse, Owen Goldin provides a book-length treatment of the first ten chapters of book 2 of the Posterior Analytics. Goldin’s aim is to answer one question: how can an Aristotelian demonstration show anything of scientific interest if all the premises are definitions? To this question Goldin gives his undivided attention.
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48Aristotle as Teacher: His Introduction to a Philosophical Science by Christopher BruellJournal of the History of Philosophy 54 (1): 154-155. 2016.This commentary on Aristotle’s Metaphysics is in a style familiar from the writings of Leo Strauss and his students. The reader is presented with a paraphrase of the whole of Aristotle’s text, marked by seemingly odd omissions, emphases, and offhand remarks. One soon sees that the book is written in code. Only as the book progresses is the author more explicit concerning what he takes to be the main lines of Aristotle’s esoteric teaching, which is as follows.Aristotle writes the Metaphysics for …Read more
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38Tamir, Rawls, and the Temple MountJournal of Applied Philosophy 22 (3). 2005.abstract What gives ethical and political validity to a state? This is to ask what a state is for and to provide a means to determine whether or not a constitution is just. In this paper I compare the account given by Tamir in Liberal Nationalism with that of Rawls, in order to clarify the decisive differences. Although both recognize the importance of particular associations and the moral imperative to be fair, Tamir places priority on the first and Rawls on the second. I explore their practica…Read more
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38Aristotle described the scientific explanation of universal or general facts as deducing them through scientific demonstrations, that is, through syllogisms that met requirements he first formulated of logical validity and explanatoriness. In Chapters 19-23, he adds arguments for the further logical restrictions that scientific demonstrations can neither be indefinitely long nor infinitely extendible through the interposition of new middle terms. Chapters 24-26 argue for the superiority of unive…Read more
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38The Pythagorean Table of Opposites, Symbolic Classification, and AristotleScience in Context 28 (2): 171-193. 2015.At Metaphysics A 5 986a22-b2, Aristotle refers to a Pythagorean table, with two columns of paired opposites. I argue that 1) although Burkert and Zhmud have argued otherwise, there is sufficient textual evidence to indicate that the table, or one much like it, is indeed of Pythagorean origin; 2) research in structural anthropology indicates that the tables are a formalization of arrays of “symbolic classification” which express a pre-scientific world view with social and ethical implications, ac…Read more
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35Aristotle’s On Generation and Corruption I (review)International Philosophical Quarterly 46 (1): 132-133. 2006.
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33Heraclitean Satiety and Aristotelian ActualityThe Monist 74 (4): 568-578. 1991.It is now a commonplace that Aristotle and Theophrastus systematically misunderstood Heraclitus in interpreting fire as an ἀρχή of the kind posited by the Milesians. While air in the thought of Anaxamines and the ἄπειρον in the thought of Anaximander can be considered to play the role of the Aristotelian material substrate without too much distortion, this is not so for fire in the thought of Heraclitus. As Cherniss has indicated, while a substrate of the kind posited by the Milesians is a perma…Read more
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33Cause and Explanation in Ancient Greek Thought (review)Ancient Philosophy 20 (2): 518-520. 2000.
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32Pistis, Persuasion, and Logos in AristotleElenchos: Rivista di Studi Sul Pensiero Antico 41 (1): 49-70. 2020.The core sense of pistis as understood in Posterior Analytics, De Anima, and the Rhetoric is not that of a logical relation in which cognitively grasped propositions stand in respect to one another, but the result of an act of socially embedded interpersonal communication, a willing acceptance of guidance offered in respect to action. Even when pistis seems to have an exclusively epistemological sense, this focal meaning of pistis is implicit; to have pistis in a proposition is to willingly acce…Read more
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30The Problem of Title of the «Posterior Analytics», and Thoughts from CommentatorsDocumenti E Studi Sulla Tradizione Filosofica Medievale 20 127-147. 2009.The Prior and Posterior Analytics were entitled Ta Analutika by Aristotle himself. But it is not at all clear what Aristotle had in mind in grouping these two works together and in giving them this common title. This question was discussed at length by the ancient Greek commentators on Aristotle. Two main possibilities emerged. The first is that taken by Alexander of Aphrodisias, Ammonius, and Philoponus in his commentary on APr. According to this line of thought, Aristotle has in mind the ana…Read more
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30Review of Anthony Kenny, From Empedocles to Wittgenstein: Historical Essays in Philosophy (review)Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2009 (3). 2009.
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28The Socratic Turn: Knowledge of Good and Evil in an Age of Science, written by Dustin SebellPolis 35 (1): 237-240. 2018.
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27Porphyry, Nature, and CommunityHistory of Philosophy Quarterly 18 (4). 2001.Within the third book of Porphyry's On Abstinence from Animal Food, an ethic of community is developed in order to provide the basis of an account of our ethical obligations to animals. I argue that in spite of Porphyry's rejection of this account, it constitutes a coherent and comprehensive nonanthropocentric ethical theory. It conforms with ethical intuitions insofar as it grants that animals are moral subjects, but does not demand impartiality. By appealing to Theophrastus's notion of to oike…Read more
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26Tamir, Rawls and the Temple MountJournal of Applied Philosophy 22 (3): 289-298. 2005.abstract What gives ethical and political validity to a state? This is to ask what a state is for and to provide a means to determine whether or not a constitution is just. In this paper I compare the account given by Tamir in Liberal Nationalism with that of Rawls, in order to clarify the decisive differences. Although both recognize the importance of particular associations and the moral imperative to be fair, Tamir places priority on the first and Rawls on the second. I explore their practica…Read more
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Ancient Greek and Roman Philosophy |