Luis Martinez

Normal 0 21 false false false ES-CO X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:CalistoMT;} From his theory of communicative action (1981) until his later political writings, the philosopher Jürgen Habermas has put on the juridical language the main responsibility of describing the essence of Civil Society. That´s why the Habermasian analysis becomes a defence of a capitalistic conception of the actual society, turning around a strict notion of individual

In this chapter, following contemporary discussions on the role of language in society, we analyze and propose a guide to four dimensions of language. The first two refer to its historical aspect: on the one hand, language—each language—contains within itself a rich cultural and historical tradition that provides identity, but also language is a living phenomenon, continuously transforming itself; its evolution is a sign of the anthropological and cultural processes that human beings experience. The other two dimensions refer to the use and ethics of language. Under these dimensions, our proposal is aimed at promoting a social sensitivity that cares about and takes care of the deep meaning and purpose of language.

El Menón es un buen ejemplo del uso de la ironía socrática como forma de refutación. Específicamente, la forma lógica de reducción al absurdo constituye un dispositivo muy relacionado con la ironía socrática. En este artículo, se examinan analíticamente los cuatro elementos de la ironía que se presentan en el diálogo: 1. el conocimiento falso como una posición inicial asumida por los interlocutores de Sócrates; 2. la igno­ rancia socrática; 3. la reducción al absurdo del falso saber inicial; y 4. el reconocimiento del error y la ignorancia.

Training for sustainable development is an educational challenge of prime importance. Physical activity and sports in natural environments provide training committed to sustainability and environmental education. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of an undergraduate training program in Physical Activities and Sports in Natural Environments concerned with sustainable development. A total of 113 students from the Autonomous University of Madrid who are studying a Bachelor’s Degree in Physical Activity and Sports Sciences and a Master’s Degree in Teacher Training for Secondary Education and High School were involved. Specifically, we aimed to assess the impact of this training program on three dimensions related to Environmental Education. Its effect was also examined bearing in mind students’ sex, age and educational profile. Mixed-methods were used: for the quantitative approach, data were collected with the Environmental Attitude in Physical Activities in Natural Environments validated scale; for the qualitative approach individual reflective diaries completed by students that attended the program were analyzed. The results show positive effects on the students regarding the three dimensions of Environmental Education, for both the sportive and educational training profiles. The quantitative results do not present significant differences concerning the gender variable, although the qualitative information shows that female students perceived a greater environmental sensitivity during their practices. Regarding the age variable, significant differences are found in the youngest students with an educational profile. To conclude, the study ratifies that the program carried out generated improvements in terms of knowledge, behaviors and attitudes toward the environment and sustainable development. Future research should use larger samples and consider other variables related to education for sustainability.

A los doscientos años del fallecimiento de Immanuel Kant, su influencia no hace sino crecer cada día que pasa. La nómina de filósofos pasados y presentes que han recibido, de alguna manera, herencias kantianas resulta difícilmente abarcable con la mirada. De entre todos estos filósofos destacan dos cuyo origen -filosofía analítica y pensamiento frankfurtiano, respectivamente- no parece delatar, en principio, la filiación kantiana de su pensamiento. Y, sin embargo, pocos pensadores han logrado captar como ellos la esencia problemática de la reflexión de Kant, sobre todo en lo concerniente a la autofundamentación de un pensamiento contrafáctico en el marco de una consideración pragmático-transcendental del uso del lenguaje. Nos referimos a Robert B. Brandom y a Jürgen Habermas.

Max Horkheimer’s intellectual project, known as critical Theory, was crucial to revealing the contradictions and illusions of capitalist modernity. There is no doubt that the contributions from the Frankfurt School continue to be necessary for a critique of the destructive dynamic of the formation of social hegemony: instrumental rationality, cultural industry, a deepening of social antagonisms, the self-destruction of the Enlightenment, the pedagogy of oppression, amongst other things. However, since the decolonial turn, it is possible to observe some limits of its critique of modernity. The object of this article is to point out some geo-political limitations of the Frankfurt School.

One of the most complex and, at the same time, most important philosophical categories in Kierkegaard’s thought is that of “repetition”. To this notion Kierkegaard devotes one of his first pseudonymous works, namely, Repetition, by Constantin Constantius. This paper, firstly, explores the concept of “desperate and failed repetition” that plays an important role in Kierkegaardian irony. Secondly, it shows some parallel aspects found in Repetition and in Goethe’s novel, The Sorrows of Young Werther; this connection allows for a better understanding of both works regarding despair linked to a failed repetition.

Quantum Ontology: A guide to the Metaphysics of Quantum Mechanics by P. Lewis, is a book with a philosophical orientation devoted to delve into the metaphysics of quantum mechanics. This book provides a comprehensive and detailed study to the various interpretations of quantum mechanics and their metaphysical consequences in relation to indeterminism, locality, free will, probability, holism and many other topics. Due to its rich philosophical perspective the author has dispensed with the mathematical formalism aiming to a rigorous conceptual approach.

El acceso fenomenológico a la propia conciencia no refleja, en Kant, ningún rasgo moral si se basa en un proceso de autoconocimiento biográfico del yo en tanto que fenómeno. Muy otra cosa sucede si lo que viene a ponerse en marcha es una fenomenología transcendental, pues aquí el sujeto se piensa en tanto que sujeto nouménico, y por lo mismo, moral. Los intentos por parte de Hahermas y Apel de superar las aporías de la fenomenología transcendental kantiana por medio del recurso al carácter intersubjetivo del lenguaje no tienen más remedio que reincidir en la perspectiva de la conciencia transcendental si no quieren verse envueltos en una aporía mayor, a saber, la fagocitación de la moralidad por la eticidad en el marco de una sociedad contingente considerada como autoridad epistémica y moral irrebasable. El intento de Rawls, por otro lado, de reconducir el discurso ético kantiano en función de una ambigua utilización de la noción de interés no hace otra cosa que hacer retroceder el análisis de Kant a un terreno cercano a Locke, lo que viene a echar a perder irremediablemente el carácter de tensión moral que caracteriza la reflexión práctico-moral kantiana.

La tesis de la subdeterminación empírica representa uno de los mayores desafíos contemporáneos en contra del realismo científico, sin embargo, frecuentemente se le ha considerado como un reto coherente y se ha buscado una forma de atenuar su impacto ya sea mitigando alguna posición realista, o bien, atacando alguno de sus presupuestos más problemáticos. En este ensayo defiendo un argumento en su contra, a saber, que es una tesis que nos conduce a una reductio y que semejante resultado echa por tierra su supuesta plausibilidad como una tesis antirrealista.

The practice of physical activity (PA) contributes to the prevention of chronic diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome or cardiovascular diseases, being also directly related to the individual’s physical fitness. Therefore, it is necessary to measure and monitoring the levels of PA in childhood and adolescence, since it may be useful to describe their current health status and the association with physical fitness, as well as to reveal putative consequences in the future. Within the educational field, it has been shown that physical education (PE) classes are a favorable context for the creation of healthy physical-sports habits and self-determined motivation could be a key for explaining the level of PA practice. For this reason, the purpose of this research was to study the mediating role of integrated regulation (IR) on the relationship between PA and physical fitness in children and adolescents. A total of 325 students between 11 and 14 years old participated in the study. The level of PA was estimated through the specific Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C), while motivation and IR were measured by using the Perceived Locus of Causality scale (PLOC-2). In addition, physical fitness was measured through the Eurofit fitness battery of tests, composed of three body composition measures and seven tests of different physical capacities. The physical fitness score showed no differences when genders were compared. After regression analysis, the resulti...