-
49The International Defense of Liberty: BARUCH A. BRODYSocial Philosophy and Policy 3 (1): 27-42. 1985.It seems to me that those who place great value on the right to human freedom can be badly divided on the question of the use of force by states to defend the liberties of those who are not citizens of that particular state. Concerned about the liberties to be defended, they might be enthusiastic supporters of the use of such force by liberty-loving countries throughout the world. Concerned about the liberties that might be violated when the state marshals its forces for use internationally, the…Read more
-
44
-
44
-
42Research Ethics: International PerspectivesCambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 6 (4): 376. 1997.In recent years, bioethics has increasingly become an international area of inquiry with major contributions being made not only in North America but also in Europe and in the Pacific Rim countries. This general observation is particularly true for research ethics. Little attention has been paid, however, to this internationalization of bioethics in general and research ethics in particular, and there are few studies comparing what has emerged in the different countries
-
42Doubly distributing special obligations: what professional practice can learn from parentingJournal of Medical Ethics. 2016.A traditional ethic of medicine asserts that physicians have special obligations to individual patients with whom they have a clinical relationship. Contemporary trends in US healthcare financing like bundled payments seem to threaten traditional conceptions of special obligations of individual physicians to individual patients because their population-based focus sets a tone that seems to emphasise responsibilities for groups of patients by groups of physicians in an organisation. Prior to unde…Read more
-
40The president's commission: The need to be more philosophicalJournal of Medicine and Philosophy 14 (4): 369-383. 1989.This paper argues, contrary to what has sometimes been claimed, that public commissions need to be more philosophical than they have been in analyzing crucial bioethical issues. It argues (a) that the failure of the President's Commission to develop and use even simple distinctions between life and personhood led to flaws in both its discussion of death and its discussion of persistent vegetative patients, and (b) that its treatment of access to health care fails to develop a coherent approach p…Read more
-
38Reid and Hamilton on PerceptionThe Monist 55 (3): 423-441. 1971.Until a few years ago, the works of Thomas Reid were known only by specialists in the history of philosophy, and, insofar as people did think at all about Reid and his school of common sense philosophy, it was generally thought that Kant had been right in dismissing them as naive thinkers who did not really understand what philosophical skepticism was all about. This attitude about Reid changed very rapidly in recent years. More and more people now realize that Reid was one of the most important…Read more
-
38Justice and competitive marketsJournal of Medicine and Philosophy 12 (1): 37-50. 1987.This essay challenges the view that the provision of health care must take place within a competitive-free system. The author argues that, presuming that there is a requirement to meet the demands of those who cannot pay for health care, a competitive market provides a good way to deal with injustices within the health care system. The author concludes that the demands for justice are best met when indigent individuals use some portion of the funds they receive from the government to purchase on…Read more
-
34Special Ethical Issues in the Management of PVS PatientsJournal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 20 (1-2): 104-115. 1992.
-
34Methodological and Conceptual Issues in Health Care System Comparisons: Canada, Norway, and the United StatesJournal of Medicine and Philosophy 18 (5): 437-463. 1993.There is a growing interest in comparison of international health care data with the hope that such studies will enable individual systems to learn from other systems. Such comparisons, however, presuppose that there exist common criteria for evaluating health care systems. The main thesis of this paper is that these comparative studies are misleading because they employ inappropriate operationalizations of these criteria because the operarionalizations are based upon mistaken global conceptuali…Read more
-
33Assessing empirical research in bioethicsTheoretical Medicine and Bioethics 14 (3). 1993.Empirical research can aid ethical reflection in bioethics by identifying issues, by seeing how they are currently resolved, and by assessing the consequences of these current resolutions. This potential can be misused when the ethical issues in question are fundamentally non-consequentialist or when they are consequentialist but the empirical research fails to address the important consequences. An example of the former problem is some recent studies about bad consequences resulting from commer…Read more
-
30Marriage, Morality, & Sex‐Change Surgery: Four Traditions in Case EthicsHastings Center Report 11 (4): 8-13. 1981.
-
29Ethical Issues in Drug Testing, Approval and Pricing: The Clot-Dissolving DrugsBioethics 12 (1): 79-81. 1998.
-
27Ethical Questions Raised by the Persistent Vegetative PatientHastings Center Report 18 (1): 33-37. 1988.
-
25The use of halakhic material in discussions of medical ethicsJournal of Medicine and Philosophy 8 (3): 317-328. 1983.In this paper questions are raised about the use of Halakhic material discussions of medical ethics. Three ways in which one might use Halakhic material in such discussions are distinguishes: (a) as a source for ideas about medical ethics which can be defended independently of their origin; (b) as a basis for mandating certain forms of behaviour for members of the Jewish faith; (c) as the basis for claims about the Jewish view on disputed topics in medical ethics. The first two raise no methodic…Read more
-
24BACKGROUND: Many published accounts of clinical trials report no differences between the treatment arms, while being underpowered to find differences. This study determined how the authors of these reports interpreted their findings. STUDY DESIGN: We examined 54 reports of surgical trials chosen randomly from a database of 110 influential trials conducted in 2008. Seven that reported having adequate statistical power were excluded from further analysis, as were the 32 that reported significant d…Read more
-
23
-
22Readings in the philosophy of sciencePrentice-Hall. 1970.New edition (previously 1971) of an anthology for an undergraduate course. Comprises four parts: theories, explanation and causality, confirmation of scientific hypotheses, selected problems of particular sciences. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
-
21Moral Theory and Moral Judgments in Medical EthicsSpringer. 1988.The first book to be devoted to the logic behind the application of ethical theories, this collection of essays explores the question of how many different moral traditions (utilitarianism, natural rights theory, Marxism, Christian moral theology, and Kantianism among others) view the relation between theory and concrete judgments. By considering many applications of moral theory in medical ethics the authors illustrate their point.
Houston, Texas, United States of America