C. Marie

Drawing on managerial discretion and conflicting institutional logics literature, this study investigates the relation between the personal sustainability behaviors of owner–managers and the corporate sustainability practices of SMEs. The research proposes a contingency model that assesses the moderating effects of perceived economic advantages and environmental hostility on this relationship. Based on linear hierarchical multiple regression analyses of a cross-sectoral sample of French SMEs, the results suggest a positive influence of the manager's PSB on the SME's CS practices that appears to be differently moderated depending on the type of practice considered. The influence on environmental practices is fostered through the perception of economic advantages. The influence on workplace practices is only effective when the business environment is deemed benign and the influence on community practices is dampened by the perception of environmental hostility. Highlighting the trade-off between the manager's personal values and the SME's economic constraints, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the critical antecedents of sustainability in small businesses.

Professional ethics is an important skill for professionals who work in the area of health. For speech-language pathologists specifically, the constant widening of the field of practice and the increasing complexity of the needs of the aging population expose professionals to more ethical questioning. Yet, the scientific literature demonstrates that speech-language pathologists do not feel properly prepared to solve ethical issues. The main objective of this study was to examine the situation of ethics training in all Canadian programs that offer speech language pathology training. In order to meet this objective, a survey was sent to the directors of the eleven Canadian university programs in speech-language pathology. Three programs responded to the survey. The main results obtained suggest that professional ethics is a subject taught within different courses in Canadian university speech-language programs. Nevertheless, the percentage dedicated to ethics inside the courses is low and difficult to clearly estimate. These results shed light on the quantity and quality of professional ethics courses offered in the various Canadian speech-language programs, as well as on the teaching methods used.

Although the Internet is frequently referred to as a global public resource, its functioning remains predominantly controlled by private actors. The Internet brought about significant shifts in the way we conceptualize governance. In particular, the handling of “big data” by private intermediaries has a direct impact on routine practices and personal lives. The implementation of the “right to be forgotten” following the May 2014 decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union against Google blurs the boundaries between the public and the private, and extends the responsibilities of the latter to court-style decision making. This article analyzes the regulatory developments in this area and the implications of outsourcing of important governance practices to private intermediaries. It looks at the decision-making process for the “right to be forgotten” to illustrate the extent to which the hybridization of such procedures results in new arrangements between public and private ordering in Internet governance.

Many scholars have investigated the direct impact of entrepreneurial orientation on performance, but this direct association seems both spurious and ambiguous because many parameters may have an indirect influence on this relationship. The present study thus considers sustainable practices—environmental practices, social practices in the workplace, and social practices in the community —as three probable mediators in the relationship between EO and performance, which is considered in terms of its financial and non-financial dimensions. We seek to show to what extent small- and medium-sized enterprises’ sustainable practices are useful assets, which are supported by EO, to improve performance. Using a structural equation modeling approach, data collected from 406 French SMEs were tested against the model. Our findings reveal that EO has a positive impact on the implementation of sustainable practices and that SPW partially mediate the link between EO and performance. Taken together, these findings suggest that EO plays a role in indirectly promoting performance by enhancing certain human resource management practices.

Cet article étudie la ou les filiations, ou encore la postérité de Humboldt, même s’il s’agit dans les faits d’une filiation complexe ou d’une postérité plus « embrouillée » qu’il n’y paraît ; elle montre notamment quelle influence a exercée Humboldt sur la linguistique nord-américaine, notamment au travers de ses deux grands représentants anthropolinguistes : Sapir et Whorf ; ceci posé, elle analyse, à la fois en élargissant le propos et en revenant à ce qui caractérise le mieux le modèle humboldtien, dans quel sens, là encore plus complexe qu’il n’y paraît, il faut entendre le lien qui unit langue et culture – le pluriel est plus que de rigueur dans le plaidoyer de l’auteur et de son illustre modèle en faveur de la diversité.

In France, the second national survey on health and disability, carried out in 2008-2009, is the main data source dealing with the disability process and concerning the whole population living either in institutions or in ordinary households. Following WHO’s recommendations to use jointly the ICD and the ICF in surveys, the questionnaire was designed to investigate two planes of experience, close but distinct: diseases on one hand, impairments on the other. While promoting a complete analysis of the disabling processes, nevertheless this approach raises some difficulties, especially in the field of mental health. This article aims at identifying the reasons and challenges as well as the benefits and limits of this twofold investigation. It intends also to examine its concrete consequences, on the basis of a qualitative survey carried out among 44 respondents to the questionnaire who had declared having mental difficulties in both categories of experience. The way respondents differentiate disease and impairment when answering questions related to anxiety and mood suggests avenues for further reflection on the criteria people use to specify their difficulties in one plane of experience or the other.

The relationships between the various networks involved in the provision of support to struggling pupils and teachers’ teams, little explored so far, have now come under close scrutiny, taking a “quantiqualitative” approach that is liable to shed light on the complexity of such relationships and the issues at stake. Now, both specialist teachers and teachers of ordinary classes tend to privilege chiefly individualistic approaches, when support to pupils with special needs demands the development of a new common “culture.” Requiring partners with mutual knowledge, this culture is based on such elements as teamwork and design so as to organize and monitor meetings, to plan new procedures and to assess the procedures implemented. It also implies values that can foster a collective model of work organisation, leading to practices known as “fairly adequate.”

Les phénomènes de citation et de modalisation du discours permettent aux auteurs de sujets d’actualité d’informer sans s’engager personnellement sur la véracité de leurs propos, voire même de faire figurer dans un même article des informations contradictoires. Nous proposons dans cet article un cadre méthodologique pour repérer et représenter la dynamique textuelle liée à ces variations de prise en charge énonciative sous forme d’arbre discursif. La profondeur de l’arbre associé à un texte témoigne alors de la complexité des différents référentiels en jeu. L’objectif de cette approche, directement implémentable, est de faire émerger automatiquement d’un corpus les textes sujets à controverses.

Max Weber a, dans sa Sociologie de la musique, souligné l'importance de l'invention de la notation sur lignes par Guy d'Arezzo (c. 990-1035). Cet article retrace les débuts de la notation musicale. Si Guy d'Arezzo propose un système de lignes pour que chaque note ait toujours la même place, il met encore sur ces lignes les neumes inventés avant lui. Les premiers notateurs avaient cherché à noter avec précision les nuances rythmiques et ornementales des mélodies ; mais ces subtiles indications disparurent peu à peu de la notation, traduisant un infléchissement de la tradition, qui contribua à orienter la musique occidentale vers des voies que ne connurent pas d'autres musiques de tradition orale.

L'absence de travaux sur les missions intérieures jésuites en Espagne et au Portugal ne correspond pas à l'abondance des documents qui attestent une forte activité missionnaire depuis la deuxième moitié du XVIe siècle. Le caractère fondamentalement quadragésimal de l'activité initiale des jésuites déterminera le sens pénitentiel des missions ibériques et, par conséquent, les stratégies missionnaires elles-mêmes. Les formes de « présentation » des jésuites et le genre de prédication qu'ils adressent aux fidèles sont des exemples de ces stratégies, vouées à l'objectif final, propres aux missions pénitentielles, de mener les fidèles à la « conversion ». Toutefois, cette idée de conversion prend un sens politique, qui trouve sa manifestation la plus évidente dans l'activité de pacification des communautés. L'action accomplie par les jésuites auprès des saisonniers dans les madragues de Conil et de Zahara en Andalousie montre le rôle joué par la mission intérieure comme moyen d'articulation du corps social, selon les modèles de comportement et d'organisation politique de l'époque.

Extensive progress has been made recently in understanding the mechanism by which cells move and extend protrusions using site‐directed polymerization of actin in response to signalling. Insights into the molecular mechanism of production of force and movement by actin polymerization have been provided by a crosstalk between several disciplines, including biochemistry, biomimetic approaches and computational studies. This review focuses on the biochemical properties of the proteins involved in actin‐based motility and shows how these properties are used to generate models of force production, how the predictions of different theoretical models are tested using a biochemically controlled reconstituted motility assay and how the changes in motility resulting from changes to the concentrations of components of the assay can help understand diverse aspects of the motile behavior of living cells. BioEssays 25:336–345, 2003. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Alexander Abela’s Makibefo shot in Madagascar and played by non-professional actors. The use of the Antandroy people or “an ancient tribe” who had never even seen a film before, is an example of cultural appropriation or a “transcultural” approach to the play, a complex process of rewriting which consists in a narrative and aesthetic remoulding of the play adapted. By transposing the play Macbeth to an unusual context, a poor fishermen’s village lost at the other end of the world, the filmmaker means to enhance its mythic and universal dimension. He resorts to various narrative and aesthetic strategies such as plot displacements, character suppressions or dialogue simplifications as well as ample and systematic use of cinematic rhetoric, which helps create a filmic mode. The process is paradoxical, as it is not so much meant to deconstruct the play as to reconstruct its essential meaning in a novel, powerful and visionary way, thus offering an alternative reading of the play.