C. Marie

The relationships between the various networks involved in the provision of support to struggling pupils and teachers’ teams, little explored so far, have now come under close scrutiny, taking a “quantiqualitative” approach that is liable to shed light on the complexity of such relationships and the issues at stake. Now, both specialist teachers and teachers of ordinary classes tend to privilege chiefly individualistic approaches, when support to pupils with special needs demands the development of a new common “culture.” Requiring partners with mutual knowledge, this culture is based on such elements as teamwork and design so as to organize and monitor meetings, to plan new procedures and to assess the procedures implemented. It also implies values that can foster a collective model of work organisation, leading to practices known as “fairly adequate.”

If the new and rapidly expanding discipline of neuroethics Recently, the use of psychotropic drugs has increased in Quebec. Several factors may explain it, including expanded uses which aim to improve cognitive function in the absence of known mental problems. Theses uses involve ethical and social choices, which go beyond the medical setting and include the public participation of experts and citizens. This article lays out the position of the Quebec’s Science and Technology Ethics Commission, which has addressed this issue and published a position statement in autumn 2009. We present two categories of expanded uses, namely the “Medical” and the “Lifestyle”. Then we focus on values and ethical issues related to expanded uses. These ethical issues pose a challenge for the individual, the State, the media and the pharmaceutical industry; and they play out in the short, medium and long term. In addressing these issues, the Commission makes several recommendations.

Drawing on managerial discretion and conflicting institutional logics literature, this study investigates the relation between the personal sustainability behaviors (PSB) of owner–managers and the corporate sustainability practices (CS practices) of SMEs. The research proposes a contingency model that assesses the moderating effects of perceived economic advantages and environmental hostility on this relationship. Based on linear hierarchical multiple regression analyses of a cross‐sectoral sample of French SMEs, the results suggest a positive influence of the manager's PSB on the SME's CS practices that appears to be differently moderated depending on the type of practice considered. The influence on environmental practices is fostered through the perception of economic advantages. The influence on workplace practices is only effective when the business environment is deemed benign and the influence on community practices is dampened by the perception of environmental hostility. Highlighting the trade‐off between the manager's personal values and the SME's economic constraints, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the critical antecedents of sustainability in small businesses.

The article 31 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities engages States Parties to collect statistical data enabling them to formulate and implement policies to give effect to the present Convention. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is one of the available frameworks that allow to structure data collection on social participation of persons with disabilities. Since 2010, an update process, prelude to its revision, has been in progress. This article presents one viewpoint about this process. After an overview of the issues raised in the works done on the classification, showing the contribution of the development of the Children and Youth version allows to introduce the frame of the first update proposals. Lastly, taking into account the choices made for the preparation of the eleventh version of the International Classification of Diseases highlights some implications for the revision of the ICF.

Women and money run like threatening shadows across the long history of philosophy. There is considerable debate, however, about the nature of each and the relations between them. The twentieth century was a time of both theoretical recapture and of new engagements for both. As historically marginalized topics charged with critical potential, the issues of women and money entered the closed worlds of political philosophy and economics under pressure from social struggle. At the same time those disciplines were being redefined both by a new accentuation of the critical tradition they inherited from the enlightenment as well as by heterodox developments within the fields. This chapter pays especially close attention to the histories of monetary theory and feminism from the 1970s to the present, showing the relationships among materialist feminism, institutionalism, structuralist and poststructuralist theories of signification, and reappropriations of money by marginalized groups. A historical survey also reveals important differences within and debate among different branches of feminism in the twentieth century. The fault lines very often concern, and are made visible by, their contrasting views on money. Just as the topic of money provides a new lens to survey the various branches of feminism, so too does feminist theory offer a privileged vantage from which to survey philosophical approaches to money.

Recent research and conventional wisdom suggest that behavioral demonstrations of trust by supervisors toward their subordinates are most effective when those demonstrations match subordinates’ desires. In the present research, we offer a more nuanced view by identifying one downside of a match between supervisors’ expressions and subordinates’ desired trusting behaviors (i.e., trust congruence). Namely, this situation may inadvertently encourage subordinates to engage in unethical acts with the intention of benefiting their supervisor (i.e., unethical pro-supervisor behavior; UPSB). Drawing on social exchange theory and moral disengagement theory, we argue that trust congruence helps promote positive social exchange relationships between supervisors and subordinates. The desire to maintain or reinforce these relationships, in turn, leads subordinates to engage in UPSB indirectly via moral disengagement. We further argue that ethical leadership represents an important boundary condition regarding this process, as it guides subordinates’ social exchange responses and thus prevents them from engaging in behaviors that are not aligned with the ethical expectations of their supervisors. Our model is progressively supported by four main studies (an experiment and three time-lagged field studies) and two supplemental studies. This research improves our understanding of the ethical consequences of trust congruence and has practical implications for organizations seeking to support trust-building initiatives.

Des femmes philosophes ou écrivaines ont voulu aborder les questions auxquelles, en tant que femmes, elles sont confrontées et qui ouvrent à des problématiques parfois inédites. L’intime est regardé comme lieu de la rencontre avec l’altérité, comme le moment d’un exode de soi qui, en mettant au contact des autres, exige des réflexions éthiques et politiques. Female philosophers and writers have sought to tackle the questions that confront them as women, and that raise sometimes novel issues. Intimacy is seen here as a place of encounter with otherness, as the moment of an exodus from the self that, by bringing us into contact with others, calls for ethical and political reflection.

One of the fundamental questions raised by Ruchkin, Grafman, Cameron, and Berndt's (Ruchkin et al.'s) interpretation of no distinct specialized neural networks for short-term storage buffers and long-term memory systems, is that of the link between perception and memory processes. In this framework, we take the opportunity in this commentary to discuss a specific working memory task involving percept formation, temporary retention, auditory imagery, and the attention-based maintenance of information, that is, the verbal transformation effect.

The current situation amidst the pandemic has caused such negativities to people, especially among students. It has affected thewell-being and happiness that everyone experiences. In, on the other hand, students who were enrolled amidst the pandemic were more likely to experience mental exhaustion such as anxiety and depression, as this current situation limits and affect their academic performances and the level of happiness they feel. This study investigates the relationship between happiness and depression among senior high school students here in the Philippines. The findings revealed a significant correlation between happiness and depression (r=0.041).