Aida Mehrad

Purpose: To explore the challenges and opportunities in the reverse logistics practices of the retail e-commerce sector in Barcelona, Spain. To capture diverse perspectives and insights, the study focused on various stakeholders, such as retailers, logistics providers, and policymakers. Design/Method/Approach: The study is Qualitative research design in the case study by inductive research is a bottom-up approach that starts with specific observations of logistics practices of the retail e-commerce sector in Barcelona and then draws general conclusions or theories, making it exploratory in nature. Interpretivism is a research philosophy that asserts that reality is subjectively observed by the researcher. The time horizon used is cross-sectional for secondary data collection in this study. The data analysis is Thematic Analysis by looking at recurring patterns of meaning in a data set by similarities in views and opinions. Findings: Customer satisfaction and loyalty are the key drivers for designing and implementing such strategies. Collaborative efforts among stakeholders are essential for addressing environmental concerns, regulatory compliance, and sustainability, contributing to the overall resilience of the retail e-commerce sector in Barcelona. Theoretical Implications: The study provides practical insights for businesses, policymakers, and academics to incorporate into their strategic planning for enhanced innovation, sustainability, and adaptability in the reverse logistics landscape. The study began in February 2023 and concluded in March 2024, primarily focusing on 26 references related to logistics studies and segments, which could help develop logistics and sustainability. Practical Implications: This study provides practical recommendations and guidelines for retailers in Barcelona's e-commerce sector to enhance their reverse logistics practices, specifically focusing on sustainability and cost efficiency. Originality/Value: This research gives practical and actionable recommendations for businesses, policymakers, and academics to improve reverse logistics in Barcelona's growing e-commerce systems. When these inputs are included in strategic planning, market players can become flexible to the industry's new realities and continue to compete on the same level as their competitors in the retail sector. Research Limitations/Future Research: The unavailability and inaccessibility of data on reverse logistics in Barcelona's retail e-commerce sector can pose a challenge in gaining valuable insights into the effectiveness of current practices. Paper Type: Empirical JEL Classification: M11, L81, R40, O18

Purpose: Explore sustainable operations management through a detailed analysis of Starbucks in Spain. Design/Method/Approach: The study employed research that focused on 33 resources and used methodology by content analysis, which allows the examination of scholarly articles, reports, and publications on corporate sustainability, business model innovation, and supply chain management. This method encourages profound investigations of the discipline's critical ideas and underlying trends. Findings: The case study's findings provide recommendations for future research, such as encouraging empirical studies to validate theoretical frameworks, exploring contextual factors influencing sustainable practices, and investigating the impact of emerging technologies on sustainable operations. Cross-disciplinary collaborations are also encouraged to foster holistic knowledge of the challenges and possibilities of sustainable business practices. Theoretical and Practical Implications: This study presents practical insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in sustainable operations management. As the discourse on sustainable business practices evolves, it provides a strong foundation for future investigations to contribute to meaningful advancements in the field. Originality/Value: According to the Originality, the case study was based on reach, and cases primarily focused on Spain. Future studies should consider more in a global context or the European context of Starbucks. Research Limitations/Future Research: It is necessary to consider the limitations of this study. Reliance on existing research may restrict the coverage of recent developments, and the selection of sources may introduce potential bias. As the field continues to evolve, new studies may offer additional perspectives. Paper Type: Conceptual JEL Classification: M11, M14, Q01, Q56